{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T12:34:31Z","timestamp":1763987671287},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["An. Acad. Bras. Ci\u00eanc."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Imaging techniques are the standard method for assessment of fracture healing processes. However, these methods are perhaps not entirely reliable for early detection of complications, the most frequent of these being delayed union and non-union. A prompt diagnosis of such disorders could prevent prolonged patient distress and disability. Efforts should be directed towards the development of new technologies for improving accuracy in diagnosing complications following bone fractures. The variation in the levels of bone turnover markers (BTMs) have been assessed with regard to there ability to predict impaired fracture healing at an early stage, nevertheless the conclusions of some studies are not consensual. In this article the authors have revised the potential of BTMs as early predictors of prognosis in adult patients presenting traumatic bone fractures but who did not suffer from osteopenia or postmenopausal osteoporosis. The available information from the different studies performed in this field was systematized in order to highlight the most promising BTMs for the assessment of fracture healing outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-3765201520150008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T21:05:37Z","timestamp":1431637537000},"page":"1049-1061","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Bone turnover markers for early detection of fracture healing disturbances: A review of the scientific literature"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Cristina P.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal; Universidade do Minho, Portugal; Universidade do Minho, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel R.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal; Universidade do Minho, Portugal; Universidade do Minho, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Lopez-pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Camassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo J.","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal; Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fernando M.","family":"Judas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal; Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuela E.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Minho, Portugal; Universidade do Minho, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui L.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Minho, Portugal; Universidade do Minho, Portugal"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.09.023","article-title":"The molecular under standing of osteoclast differentiation","volume":"40","author":"ASAGIRI M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Principles of Bone Biology","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblast differentiation","author":"AUBIN JE","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-012-1750-z","article-title":"Circulating bone morphogenetic protein levels and delayed fracture healing","volume":"37","author":"BAARDEWIJK L","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-20-05-273","article-title":"Assessment of compromised fracture healing","volume":"20","author":"BISHOP JA","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/000456329603300304","article-title":"Serum osteocalcin, total and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase following isolated tibial shaft fracture","volume":"3)","author":"BOWLES SA","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem 33(Pt"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Rockwood and Green's Fractures in Adults","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Bone and joint healing","author":"BUCHWALTER JA","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(07)80004-0","article-title":"Risk factors contributing to fracture non-unions","volume":"38","author":"CALORI GM","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00728-7","article-title":"Effect of feeding on bone turnover markers and its impact on biological variability of measurements","volume":"30","author":"CLOWES JA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-010-1088-3","article-title":"Plasma and drainage fluid levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (sRANK), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (sRANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) during proximal humerus fracture healing","volume":"35","author":"COLOMBINI A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevEukarGeneExpr.v20.i2.20","article-title":"Recent advances in the use of serological bone formation markers to monitor callus development and fracture healing","volume":"20","author":"COULIBALY MO","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678709146477","article-title":"Compartment syndrome delays tibial union","volume":"58","author":"COURT-BROWN C","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B3.22787","article-title":"Bone-turnover markers in fracture healing","volume":"92","author":"COX G","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Principles of Bone Biology","first-page":"1857","volume-title":"Biochemical Markers of Bone Metabolism","author":"CREMERS S","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199911000-00027","article-title":"Serum bone markers after intramedullary fixed tibial fractures","volume":"368","author":"EMAMI A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.0301244","article-title":"Biochemical markers of bone metabolism and prediction of fracture in elderly women","volume":"19","author":"GERDHEM P","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"655","article-title":"Nonunion of the femoral diaphysis","volume":"82","author":"GIANNOUDIS PV","year":"2000","journal-title":"The influence of reaming and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 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