{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:58:06Z","timestamp":1740142686123,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opin. Publica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Este artigo apresenta um modelo de acumula\u00e7\u00e3o de poder simb\u00f3lico para explicar a carreira pol\u00edtica de Marcelo Caetano e a sua ambi\u00e7\u00e3o progressiva rumo \u00e0 lideran\u00e7a do Estado Novo portugu\u00eas. Esse modelo, de base reflexiva e sociol\u00f3gica, \u00e9 aplicado ao nosso caso atrav\u00e9s de um exerc\u00edcio de reconstru\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica do percurso pol\u00edtico de Marcelo desde a sua entrada nos corredores do poder at\u00e9 a sua ascens\u00e3o \u00e0 lideran\u00e7a em 1968. O artigo desenvolve novos argumentos te\u00f3ricos sobre as carreiras dos l\u00edderes pol\u00edticos e dos seus objetivos de obten\u00e7\u00e3o de capital pol\u00edtico e social, em especial da import\u00e2ncia de acumula\u00e7\u00e3o de poder simb\u00f3lico em regimes autorit\u00e1rios altamente ideol\u00f3gicos e carism\u00e1ticos como o do Estado Novo. O seu principal objetivo \u00e9 apresentar uma vis\u00e3o mais sofisticada e relacional do percurso pol\u00edtico de Marcelo Caetano, designadamente da explicita\u00e7\u00e3o do dilema de sucess\u00e3o carism\u00e1tica com que teve que se confrontar, e contribuir para a acumula\u00e7\u00e3o de conhecimento te\u00f3rico e hist\u00f3rico sobre o regime autorit\u00e1rio portugu\u00eas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-019120212731024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T12:12:35Z","timestamp":1645186355000},"page":"1024-1057","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Marcelo Caetano e a sua circunst\u00e2ncia rumo \u00e0 lideran\u00e7a: poder simb\u00f3lico, ambi\u00e7\u00e3o e adapta\u00e7\u00e3o"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6321-8344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Emanuel","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nova de Lisboa,  Portugal"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"reference":[{"year":"1993","series-title":"Salazar e Caetano: cartas secretas \u2013 1932-1968","author":"Antunes J. F","key":"ref1"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Dicion\u00e1rio biogr\u00e1fico parlamentar: 1935-1974","first-page":"300","volume-title":"Caetano, Marcelo Jos\u00e9 das Neves","volume":"I","author":"Ara\u00fajo A","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"\u00c9tica a Nic\u00f4maco: sele\u00e7\u00e3o de textos de Jos\u00e9 Am\u00e9rico Motta Pessanha","author":"Arist\u00f3teles","year":"1991","edition":"4\u00aa"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Elites e poder: a crise do sistema liberal em Portugal e Espanha (1918-1931)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4000\/books.cidehus.3732","volume-title":"Partidos e sistema partid\u00e1rio na crise do liberalismo em Portugal e Espanha nos anos vinte","author":"Bai\u00f4a M","year":"2004"},{"year":"1973","series-title":"Conversas com Marcello Caetano","author":"Baptista A. A","key":"ref5"},{"year":"1966","series-title":"The social construction of reality: a treatise in the sociology of knowledge","author":"Berger P. S.","key":"ref6"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.2307\/1959283","article-title":"\u201cA theory of political ambition: career choices and the role of structural incentives\u201d","volume":"66","author":"Black G","year":"1972","journal-title":"American Political Science Review"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"2","article-title":"\u201cLe capital social: notes provisoires\u201d","volume":"31","author":"Bourdieu P","year":"1980","journal-title":"Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales"},{"year":"1983","series-title":"Sociologia","author":"Bourdieu P","key":"ref9"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education","first-page":"241","volume-title":"The forms of capital","author":"Bourdieu P","year":"1985"},{"year":"1989","series-title":"O poder simb\u00f3lico","author":"Bourdieu P","key":"ref11"},{"year":"1974","series-title":"Depoimento","author":"Caetano M","key":"ref12"},{"year":"1977","series-title":"Minhas mem\u00f3rias de Salazar","author":"Caetano M","key":"ref13"},{"year":"2012","series-title":"Marcelo Caetano: uma biografia pol\u00edtica","author":"Castilho J. T","key":"ref14"},{"year":"1998","series-title":"O Estado Novo e a igreja cat\u00f3lica","author":"Cruz M. B","key":"ref15"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"The legislative system: explorations in legislative behavior","first-page":"272","volume-title":"The legislative career","author":"Eulau H","year":"1962"},{"year":"1989","series-title":"Political ambition: who decides to run for Congress","author":"Fowler L.","key":"ref17"},{"year":"2000","series-title":"Up the political ladder: career paths in U.S. politics","author":"Francis W. L.","key":"ref18"},{"year":"1984","series-title":"The constitution of society: outline of the theory of structuration","author":"Giddens A","key":"ref19"},{"year":"2017","series-title":"Socrates and Alcibiades: Plato's drama of political ambition and philosophy","author":"Helfer A","key":"ref20"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.2307\/2132000","article-title":"\u201cPolitical ambition\u2019s effects on legislative behavior: Schlesinger\u2019s typology reconsidered and revised\u201d","volume":"55","author":"Herrick R.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Politics"},{"year":"2014","series-title":"Marcello Caetano: um destino","author":"Leit\u00e3o L. M","key":"ref22"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055406062101","article-title":"\u201cWhen to risk it? Institutions, ambitions, and the decision to run for the U.S. house\u201d","volume":"100","author":"Maestas C. D.","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Political Science Review"},{"year":"2008","series-title":"Marcello Caetano: ide\u00f3logo ou \u201cenfant t\u00e9rrible\u201d do regime? 1906-1980","author":"Marques P","key":"ref24"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"Historiografias portuguesa e brasileira no s\u00e9culo XX","first-page":"111","volume-title":"O Estado Novo e a historiografia portuguesa: sobre a quest\u00e3o do fascismo","author":"Martinho F. P","year":"2013"},{"year":"2016","series-title":"Marcello Caetano: uma biografia, 1906-1980","author":"Martinho F. P","key":"ref26"},{"key":"ref27","series-title":"Elites e poder: a crise do sistema liberal em Portugal e Espanha (1918-1931)","volume-title":"Integralismo lusitano e pol\u00edtica nacional: as metamorfoses e os desafios da d\u00e9cada de 1920","author":"Martins F","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref28","series-title":"Karl Marx: selected writings","volume-title":"The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte","author":"Marx K","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"105","article-title":"\u201cA (re)inven\u00e7\u00e3o das rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais na viragem do s\u00e9culo: o desafio do construtivismo\u201d","volume":"36","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"107","article-title":"\u201cA quest\u00e3o europeia no marcelismo: o debate geracional\u201d","volume":"21","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2013","journal-title":"Popula\u00e7\u00e3o e Sociedade"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.31447\/AS00032573.2018227.09","article-title":"\u201cIdentidade, ideias e normas na constru\u00e7\u00e3o dos interesses em pol\u00edtica externa: o caso portugu\u00eas\u201d","volume":"LIII","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2018","journal-title":"An\u00e1lise Social"},{"issue":"32","key":"ref32","first-page":"182","article-title":"\u201cHist\u00f3ria, discurso pol\u00edtico e lideran\u00e7a em Portugal: um di\u00e1logo interpretativo entre presente e passado \u00e0 luz do Di\u00e1rio de Governo\u201d","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2019","journal-title":"Popula\u00e7\u00e3o e Sociedade"},{"issue":"61","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.23906\/ri2019.61a08","article-title":"\u201cAs teorias principais das rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais: uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do progresso da disciplina\u201d","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.22456\/2238-6912.89031","article-title":"\u201cThe birth of International Relations as a social science: a comparative analysis of the Anglo-American world and continental Europe\u201d","volume":"8","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2019","journal-title":"Austral: Journal of Strategy & International Relations"},{"key":"ref35","series-title":"Os primeiros ministros de Portugal","volume-title":"Marcelo Caetano","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/dados.2020.63.3.214","article-title":"\u201cPerce\u00e7\u00f5es e imagens na pol\u00edtica externa do Estado Novo: a import\u00e2ncia do tri\u00e2ngulo identit\u00e1rio\u201d","volume":"63","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dados"},{"issue":"29","key":"ref37","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cOs dilemas da renova\u00e7\u00e3o na continuidade e o legado de Marcello Caetano: do outono ao inverno\u201d","volume":"12","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tempo e Argumento"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.5752\/P.2317-773X.2020v8n1p64-88","article-title":"\u201cR(r)ela\u00e7\u00f5es I(i)nternacionais, realismo e an\u00e1lise da pol\u00edtica externa (APE): contextualizando a inven\u00e7\u00e3o da APE\u201d","volume":"8","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Estudos Internacionais"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.11606\/0103-2070.ts.2021.170969","article-title":"\u201cMarcelo Caetano, do idealismo da juventude \u00e0 pol\u00edtica real (1906-1944): uma teoriza\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rico-sociol\u00f3gica\u201d","volume":"33","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tempo Social"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"\u201cOs eternos movimentos (in)disciplinares entre a hist\u00f3ria e as rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais: a import\u00e2ncia do pensamento hist\u00f3rico\u201d","volume":"15","author":"Mendes P. E","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hist\u00f3ria da Historiografia"},{"year":"2014","series-title":"Salazar: uma biografia pol\u00edtica","author":"Menezes F. R","key":"ref41"},{"issue":"72","key":"ref42","article-title":"\u201cCarreira e ambi\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edtica dos vereadores de Salvador (1997-2012)","volume":"27","author":"Messias G. M. G","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revista de Sociologia e Pol\u00edtica"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-44782003000100010","article-title":"\u201cCapital pol\u00edtico e carreira eleitoral: algumas vari\u00e1veis na elei\u00e7\u00e3o para o Congresso brasileiro\u201d","author":"Miguel L. F","year":"2003","journal-title":"Revista de Sociologia e Pol\u00edtica"},{"year":"1987","series-title":"Um pol\u00edtico confessa-se: Di\u00e1rio 1960-1968","author":"Nogueira F","key":"ref44"},{"year":"1989","series-title":"World of our making: rules and rule in social theory and international relations","author":"Onuf N","key":"ref45"},{"year":"1967","series-title":"Medita\u00e7\u00f5es do Quixote (1914)","author":"Ortega y Gasset J","key":"ref46"},{"year":"1994","series-title":"Os Camisas Azuis: ideologia, elites e movimentos fascistas em Portugal, 1914-1945","author":"Pinto A. C","key":"ref47"},{"key":"ref48","series-title":"Elites e poder: a crise do sistema liberal em Portugal e Espanha (1918-1931)","volume-title":"A queda da 1\u00aa Rep\u00fablica Portuguesa: uma interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o","author":"Pinto A. C","year":"2004"},{"year":"2017","series-title":"Corporatism and fascism: the corporatist wave in Europe","author":"Pinto A. C","key":"ref49"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/14690760600642347","article-title":"\u201cConclusion: fascism, dictators and charisma\u201d","volume":"7","author":"Pinto A. C.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions"},{"year":"2008","series-title":"O corporativismo em portugu\u00eas: Estado, pol\u00edtica e sociedade no salazarismo e no varguismo","author":"Pinto A. C.","key":"ref51"},{"key":"ref52","series-title":"A onda corporativa: corporativismo e ditaduras na Europa e na Am\u00e9rica Latina","first-page":"27","author":"Pinto A. C.","year":"2016"},{"year":"1992","series-title":"A porta de marfim: evoca\u00e7\u00e3o de Marcello Caetano","author":"Prieto M. H","key":"ref53"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1353\/jod.1995.0002","article-title":"\u201cBowling alone: America's declining social capital\u201d","volume":"6","author":"Putnam R. D","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Democracy"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/2110769","article-title":"\u201cRisk bearing and progressive ambition: the case of the United States House of Representatives\u201d","volume":"23","author":"Rohde D. W","year":"1979","journal-title":"American Journal of Political Science"},{"key":"ref56","series-title":"Dicion\u00e1rio do Estado Novo","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Caetano, Marcelo Jos\u00e9 das Neves","volume":"I","author":"Rosas F","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref57","series-title":"Hist\u00f3ria de Portugal","volume":"7","author":"Rosas F","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref58","series-title":"Do marcelismo ao fim do Imp\u00e9rio","first-page":"15","volume-title":"O marcelismo ou a fal\u00eancia da pol\u00edtica de transi\u00e7\u00e3o no Estado Novo","author":"Rosas F","year":"1999"},{"year":"2012","series-title":"Salazar e o poder: a arte de saber durar","author":"Rosas F","key":"ref59"},{"year":"1966","series-title":"Ambition and politics: political careers in the United States","author":"Schlesinger J. A","key":"ref60"},{"key":"ref61","series-title":"\u00daltimas d\u00e9cadas de Portugal","author":"Thomaz A","year":"1983","edition":"4"},{"year":"2009","series-title":"Estados novos, Estado Novo","author":"Torgal L. R","key":"ref62"},{"key":"ref63","series-title":"Economia e sociedade: fundamentos da sociologia compreensiva","author":"Weber M","year":"2004","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Opini\u00e3o P\u00fablica"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T12:13:26Z","timestamp":1645186406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-62762021000301024&tlng=pt"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0104-62762021000301024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1807-019120212731024","relation":{},"ISSN":["1807-0191","0104-6276"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1807-0191"},{"type":"print","value":"0104-6276"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}}}