{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T06:57:08Z","timestamp":1770793028612,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Amaz."],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT Frugivores and zoocoric trees represent an important proportion of tropical rainforest biodiversity. As niche differences favor species coexistence, we aimed to evaluate morphological and temporal niche segregation mechanisms among zoochoric trees and canopy frugivores in a tropical rainforest in the northeastern extreme of the Brazilian Amazon. We tested the effects of fruit morphology, tree size, frugivore body size and time of day on fruit consumption. We recorded the frugivore species that fed on 72 trees (44 species, 22 genera) and whether these frugivores swallowed the seeds. We monitored trees only once from 07:00 to 17:00 h between January and September 2017. We observed fruit consumption in 20 of the 72 trees. Seventy-three frugivore individuals from 22 species visited the trees. Heavier fruits were consumed by larger frugivores, while seed size was inversely correlated with frugivore size. Narrower fruits and fruits with smaller seeds had greater probability of having their seeds ingested, and larger frugivores were more prone to ingest seeds. Trees bearing fruits with smaller seeds were visited by a greater number of frugivores. Taxonomic groups differed in the time of arrival at fruiting trees. None of the evaluated variables (fruit weight and size, and seed size) affected the richness of frugivores that visited the trees. We concluded that, in the studied forest, fruit morphology (weight, size and seed size) is a niche segregation mechanism among zoochoric trees, while body size and time of day are niche segregation mechanisms among frugivores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/1809-4392202000732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T16:46:12Z","timestamp":1599237972000},"page":"263-272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Niche differentiation mechanisms among canopy frugivores and zoochoric trees in the northeastern extreme of the Amazon"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Felipe","family":"TODESCHINI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amap\u00e1 (UNIFAP),  Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Julio de","family":"TOLEDO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amap\u00e1 (UNIFAP),  Brazil"}]},{"given":"Luis Miguel","family":"ROSALINO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa,  Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0346-0921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato Richard","family":"HIL\u00c1RIO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Amap\u00e1 (UNIFAP),  Brazil; Universidade de Lisboa,  Portugal"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-33062006000300010","article-title":"Solanaceae composition, pollination and seed dispersal syndromes in Mexican Mountain Cloud Forest","volume":"20","author":"Albuquerque L.B.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Botanica Brasilica"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07697-5","article-title":"Seed dispersal by macaws shapes the landscape of an Amazonian ecosystem","volume":"7","author":"Ba\u00f1os-Villalba A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"MuMIn: multi-model inference","author":"Barton K.","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1501105","article-title":"Defaunation affects carbon storage in tropical forests","volume":"1","author":"Bello C.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22457","article-title":"Niche partitioning and environmental factors affecting abundance of strepsirrhines in Angola","volume":"77","author":"Bersacola E.","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Primatology"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Mam\u00edferos do Brasil","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Ordem Primates","author":"Bicca-Marques J.C.","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/btp.12329","article-title":"Fruit selection by Andean forest birds: influence of fruit functional traits and their temporal variation","volume":"48","author":"Blendinger P.G.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotropica"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-014-1071-7","article-title":"Dawn chorus start time variation in a temperate bird community: relationships with seasonality, weather, and ambient light","volume":"155","author":"Bruni A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Ornithology"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Multimodel Inference: Understanding AIC relative variable importance values","author":"Burnham K.P.","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124104268644","article-title":"Multimodel inference: understanding AIC and BIC in model selection","volume":"33","author":"Burnham K.P.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sociological Methods & Research"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1890\/12-1161.1","article-title":"What causes size coupling in fruit-frugivore interaction webs?","volume":"94","author":"Burns K.C.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/boj.12385","article-title":"An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV","volume":"181","author":"Byng J.W.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppees.2019.04.002","article-title":"Interhabitat variation in diplochory: Seed dispersal effectiveness by birds and ants differs between tropical forest and savanna","volume":"38","author":"Camargo P.H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-007-0917-6","article-title":"Does attraction to frugivores or defense against pathogens shape fruit pulp composition?","volume":"155","author":"Cazetta E.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.2307\/2389015","article-title":"Estimators of fruit abundance of tropical trees","volume":"24","author":"Chapman C.A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biotropica"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Ecological Niches: Linking Classical and Contemporary Approaches","author":"Chase J.M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12346","article-title":"A mammoth mouthful? 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