{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T14:59:48Z","timestamp":1763477988751,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"spe1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sa\u00fade debate"],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the state-of-the-art regarding digital health solutions for surveillance, prevention\/control, and clinical management of COVID-19 in the BRICS countries. It isa scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Documents published between January 2020 and August 2022 were included from the MEDLINE\/PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, as well as from the websites of the countries\u2019 health ministries, the World Health Organization, and the BRICS Summits. In total, 481 documents were included, from which 900 mentions of digital solutions were extracted. Of these, 89% came from databases and 11% from other sources. China led in the number of solutions (47%), followed by India (30%) and Brazil (14%). Most solutions were subnational in coverage (53%) and publicly funded (52%), particularly in Brazil (71%) and Russia (68%). The main technology types were eHealth (72%), big data (32%), and artificial intelligence (30%). There was an emphasis on the use of digital solutions by data services for surveillance and by healthcare professionals for clinical management of COVID-19. The study revealed the main digital solutions developed and implemented by the countries, highlighting similarities and differences, and pointing to cooperation as a path to overcome common challenges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/2358-28982025e19933i","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T14:56:26Z","timestamp":1763477786000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digital health and COVID-19 response: Scoping review of solutions developed and implemented by BRICS countries"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5602-7339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadyelle Elias Santos","family":"Alencar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Maranh\u00e3o,  Brasil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8108-2199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia Bastos","family":"Conrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1,  Brasil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3268-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Henrique Leal de","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Maranh\u00e3o,  Brasil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6357-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Hoirisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8981-2133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Alexandra da Cunha","family":"Pernencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria,  Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3335-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Odorico Monteiro de","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8447-3654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz,  Brasil"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) SITUATION REPORT - 1","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Clinical management of COVID-19: living guideline","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report - 5","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard","year":"2024"},{"issue":"Spe 4","key":"ref5","first-page":"40","article-title":"BRICS: potential for cooperation and role in global health governance in the pandemic frame","volume":"44","author":"Padula R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sa\u00fade debate"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"XI Brics Health Ministers\u2019 Meeting Declaration","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Digital Health COVID-19 Impact Assessment: Lessons Learned and Compelling Needs","author":"Lee P","year":"2022","journal-title":"NAM Perspect"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"The Topol Review: Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future","first-page":"26","author":"Topol E.","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2021.1903","article-title":"A bibliometric analysis of medical informatics and telemedicine in sub-Saharan Africa and BRICS nations","volume":"10","author":"Tapera R","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Public Health Res"},{"issue":"Spe","key":"ref10","article-title":"Digital health and Covid-19 in BRICS nations: bibliometric analysis","volume":"16","author":"Alencar NES","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Health Inform"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"The Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers\u2019 manual 2015: methodology for JBI scoping reviews","first-page":"24","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Scope review on Covid-19-related digital health solutions in BRICS member countries","author":"Alencar NES","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref13","year":"2013"},{"issue":"210","key":"ref14","article-title":"Rayyan - a web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Classification of digital interventions, services and applications in health: a shared language to describe the uses of digital technology for health, second edition","first-page":"71","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Gartner Hype Cycle","year":"2025"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2023.2266955","article-title":"Gaps in digital health policies: an insight into the current landscape","volume":"26","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"issue":"137","key":"ref18","first-page":"58","article-title":"The Ministry of Health and the management of the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil","volume":"47","author":"Brand\u00e3o CC","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sa\u00fade debate"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","first-page":"178","article-title":"Public governance mechanism in the prevention and control of the COVID-19: information, decision-making and execution","volume":"5","author":"Gao X","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Chin Gov"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imed.2021.03.001","article-title":"Digital health interventions for COVID-19 in China: a retrospective analysis","volume":"1","author":"Chen M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intell Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","first-page":"8","article-title":"Public Health and the Role of the Private Sector","volume":"1","author":"Rao KS.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prev Med Res Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","first-page":"327","article-title":"eHealth solutions to fight against COVID-19: A scoping review of applications","volume":"35","author":"Eslami P","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med J Islam Repub Iran"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6053","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18116053","article-title":"Integrating digital technologies and public health to fight covid-19 pandemic: key technologies, applications, challenges and outlook of digital healthcare","volume":"18","author":"Wang Q","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130820","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3009328","article-title":"Artificial intelligence (AI) and big data for coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: a survey on the state-of-the-arts","volume":"8","author":"Pham QV","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"Global Health Expenditure Database","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"25","article-title":"E-governance using mobile applications: A case study of India during the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Goyal S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Australas J Inf Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.17803\/2313-5395.2021.3.17.443-452","article-title":"Platform law and platform solutions in the fight against the pandemic","volume":"8","author":"Altoukhov AV","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kutafin Law Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1080\/20421338.2022.2043808","article-title":"An analysis of the COVID-19 contact tracing App in South Africa: challenges experienced by users","volume":"15","author":"Albertus RW","year":"2022","journal-title":"Afr J Sci Technol Innov Dev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27232","DOI":"10.2196\/27232","article-title":"Analyzing the Essential Attributes of Nationally Issued COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Open-Source Intelligence Approach and Content Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wei\u00df JP","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90225","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2992341","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of IoT, drones, AI, blockchain, and 5G in managing its impact","volume":"8","author":"Chamola V","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e564","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.564","article-title":"Overview of current state of research on the application of artificial intelligence techniques for COVID-19","volume":"7","author":"Kumar V","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ Comput Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e005355","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-005355","article-title":"Connecting the dots: Kerala\u2019s use of digital technology during the COVID-19 response","volume":"6","author":"Ummer O","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7325","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18147325","article-title":"Big Data Technology Applications and the Right to Health in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"18","author":"Shen T","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28643","DOI":"10.2196\/28643","article-title":"Making the COVID-19 pandemic a driver for digital health: Brazilian strategies","volume":"7","author":"Donida B","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"ref35","series-title":"Virtual assistant Zozhik will support citizens during the pandemic","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref36","series-title":"The Russian Ministry of Health has launched a chatbot to 5the population about COVID-19","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref37","series-title":"Special chatbot will help with information about COVID-19","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-60039-6_14","article-title":"Mobile technology solutions for COVID-19","author":"Singh KR","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerging technologies for battling COVID-19"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"127","article-title":"The role of AI in battling against COVID-19 crisis in India","volume":"40","author":"Shakira-Fathima H","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Parallel Comput"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28563","DOI":"10.2196\/28563","article-title":"COVID-19 information dissemination using the wechat communication index: retrospective analysis study","volume":"23","author":"Fan Z","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.07.024","article-title":"Mobile health technology combats COVID-19 in China","volume":"82","author":"Wu J","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"ref42","series-title":"A certificate of vaccination or illness can be issued based on a positive antibody test","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref43","first-page":"5","article-title":"Human rights implications of the digital revolution in health care in India","volume":"24","author":"Ganesan D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Hum Rights"},{"key":"ref44","series-title":"FiindMyJab","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref45","series-title":"COVID-19 Coronavirus Electronic Vaccination Data System FAQs","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2022.104694","article-title":"The function and quality of individual epidemic prevention and control apps during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of Chinese apps","volume":"160","author":"Fan Y","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12081295","article-title":"Global challenges to public health care systems during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of pandemic measures and problems","volume":"12","author":"Filip R","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref48","series-title":"The BRICS and the global barbarity of vaccines","author":"Buss PM","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref49","series-title":"Provides for the use of telemedicine during the crisis caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)","volume-title":"Law n. 13,989, April 15, 2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref50","series-title":"The Russian Ministry of Health\u2019s information system will become a single source of reliable data on all cases of COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia","year":"2020"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref51","first-page":"323","article-title":"Inclusion, diversity or disparity in telehealth during the covid-19 pandemic","volume":"54","author":"Dvoryashina M","year":"2021","journal-title":"IFAC Pap"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"68","article-title":"Will e-health make medicine more accessible?","volume":"11","author":"Fadeeva EV.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sociol Stud"},{"key":"ref53","series-title":"The Russian Ministry of Health has launched an electronic coronavirus service for citizens","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1057\/s41271-021-00287-w","article-title":"Telemedicine during COVID-19 in India - a new policy and its challenges","volume":"42","author":"Dash S","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Public Health Pol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/s41745-020-00190-5","article-title":"Health is the motive and digital is the instrument","volume":"100","author":"Seethalakshmi S","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Indian Inst Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref56","first-page":"302","article-title":"Analysis of special ehealth service for corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia","volume":"52","author":"Feng W","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Peking Univ Health Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofab014","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab014","article-title":"The response measures to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China","volume":"8","author":"Qu J","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"117","article-title":"Unfolding the potential of impactful emerging technologies amid COVID-19","author":"Rouf N","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerging technologies for battling COVID-19"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glohj.2022.03.001","article-title":"Virtual healthcare services and digital health technologies deployed during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Africa: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Mbunge E","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob Health J"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0245384","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245384","article-title":"Machine learning model for predicting severity prognosis in patients infected with COVID-19: study protocol from COVID-AI Brasil","volume":"16","author":"Lopes FPP","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1109\/OJEMB.2021.3127078","article-title":"Acoustery system for differential diagnosing of coronavirus COVID-19 disease","volume":"2","author":"Mitrofanova A","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Open J Eng Med Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2020.1868564","article-title":"Clinical and inflammatory features based machine learning model for fatal risk prediction of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: results from a retrospective cohort study","volume":"53","author":"Guan X","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"1","article-title":"AI-enabled COVID-19 prediction methods and anti-COVID strategies","author":"Chitturi A","year":"2022","journal-title":"In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing and Electrical Circuits and Electronics (ICDCECE); 2022 Apr 23-24; Ballari, India"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21980","DOI":"10.2196\/21980","article-title":"Application of big data technology for COVID-19 prevention and control in China: lessons and recommendations","volume":"22","author":"Wu J","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref65","first-page":"2035","article-title":"The relevance of a technology ecosystem in the Brazilian National Health Service\u2019s COVID-19 response: the case of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil","volume":"26","author":"Valentim RAM","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ci\u00eanc sa\u00fade coletiva"}],"container-title":["Sa\u00fade em Debate"],"original-title":["Sa\u00fade digital e covid-19: revis\u00e3o de escopo das solu\u00e7\u00f5es desenvolvidas e implementadas pelos pa\u00edses Brics"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0103-11042025000500400&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T14:56:34Z","timestamp":1763477794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-11042025000500400&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"spe1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"alternative-id":["S0103-11042025000500400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/2358-28982025e19933i","relation":{},"ISSN":["2358-2898","0103-1104"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2358-2898","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0103-1104","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e9933"}}