{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T21:16:58Z","timestamp":1772140618417,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq. Gastroenterol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>ABSTRACT Inflammation, changes in nutrient absorption and gut dysbiosis are common conditions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. These factors may lead to variations in macro- and micronutrients and, particularly, to an imbalance of protein metabolism, loss of muscle mass and development of sarcopenia. This narrative review aims to present the set of factors with impact in muscle strength and physical performance that may potentially mediate the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia. Studies that associated changes in muscle strength, sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease were selected through a literature search in databases Medline, Pubmed and Scielo using relevant keywords: muscle strength, physical performance, sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic inflammation is currently reported as a determinant factor in the development of muscle atrophy in inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, strength decline in inflammatory bowel disease patients may be also influenced by changes in body composition and by gut dysbiosis. Measures of muscle strength and physical performance should be considered in the initial identification of sarcopenia, particularly in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, for a timely intervention can be provided. Presence of proinflammatory cytokines, high adiposity, malabsorption and consequent deficits of macro and micronutrients, loss of muscle mass, and gut dysbiosis may be the main factors with impact in muscle strength, that probably mediate the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0004-2803.230302023-45","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T11:41:21Z","timestamp":1695642081000},"page":"373-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND SARCOPENIA: A FOCUS ON MUSCLE STRENGTH - NARRATIVE REVIEW"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7561-9954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"MENDES","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal; Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4213-8951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina D","family":"SIM\u00d5ES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal; Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal; University of Porto,  Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6195-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana O","family":"MARTINS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6093-0208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana S","family":"SOUSA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal; Universidade Fernando Pessoa,  Portugal; Polytechnic of Leiria,  Portugal"}]}],"member":"530","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4214","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10184214","article-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Sarcopenia: Its Mechanism and Clinical Importance","volume":"10","author":"Nishikawa H","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041387","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel diseases: Is there a role for nutritional suggestions?","volume":"13","author":"Bertani L","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2018-0075","article-title":"A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"12","author":"Seyedian S","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020656","article-title":"Sarcopenia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Overview","volume":"13","author":"Dhaliwal A","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"00482","article-title":"Sarcopenia is a negative predictive factor for endoscopic remission in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease treated with biologics","author":"Grova M","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2016.73","article-title":"Financial impact of sarcopenia on hospitalization costs","volume":"70","author":"Sousa AS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy212","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review","volume":"25","author":"Ryan E","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17498","article-title":"Review article: Putting some muscle into sarcopenia-the pathogenesis, assessment and clinical impact of muscle loss in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"57","author":"Gold SL","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-019-01893-8","article-title":"Sarcopenia as an independent predictor of the surgical outcomes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Er\u0151s A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MIB.0000160810.76729.9c","article-title":"Muscle performance in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease in clinical remission","volume":"11","author":"Wiroth JB","year":"2005","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2008.03.018","article-title":"Malnutrition and impaired muscle strength in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis in remission","volume":"24","author":"Valentini L","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.10.1059","article-title":"The loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass, and quality in older adults: the health, aging and body composition study","volume":"61","author":"Goodpaster BH","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001448","article-title":"Associations of Muscle Mass and Strength with All-Cause Mortality among US Older Adults","volume":"50","author":"Li R","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M326","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/57.5.M326","article-title":"Relationship of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factoralpha with muscle mass and muscle strength in elderly men and women: the Health ABC Study","volume":"57","author":"Visser M","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2016.11.006","article-title":"Inflammation and sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Bano G","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2519","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.3973","article-title":"Mechanistic links between oxidative stress and disuse muscle atrophy","volume":"15","author":"Powers SK","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4131","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12338","article-title":"Interleukin-6 myokine signaling in skeletal muscle: a double-edged sword?","volume":"280","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-C\u00e1noves P","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-020-00451-w","article-title":"Clinical Trials of IL12\/IL-23 Inhibitors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"34","author":"Almradi A","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S313085","article-title":"Association Between Interleukin12 and Sarcopenia","volume":"14","author":"Chen YY","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Skewed macrophage polarization in aging skeletal muscle","volume":"18","author":"Cui CY","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"4761427","article-title":"Macrophages are key regulators of stem cells during skeletal muscle regeneration and diseases","author":"Dort J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000226","article-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"18","author":"Weisshof R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2020.111269","article-title":"Associations between diet and handgrip strength: a cross-sectional study from UK Biobank","volume":"189","author":"Gedmantaite A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200005000-00013","article-title":"Anemia in IBD: the overlooked villain","volume":"6","author":"Gasche C","year":"2000","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12314","article-title":"Iron deficiency as energetic insult to skeletal muscle in chronic diseases","volume":"9","author":"Dziegala M","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Low handgrip strength is closely associated with anemia among adults: A cross-sectional study using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)","volume":"15","author":"Gi Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/phn.12579","article-title":"Handgrip strength: An effective screening instrument for anemia in the elderly women","volume":"36","author":"Santos PHS","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Nurs"},{"key":"ref29","series-title":"Iron Deficiency Anemia: Assessment, Prevention and Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4291\/wjgp.v6.i3.62","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"15","author":"Kaitha S","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.05.026","article-title":"Minerals and Sarcopenia; The Role of Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Selenium, Sodium, and Zinc on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review","volume":"19","author":"van Dronkelaar C","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061836","article-title":"Variations in Magnesium Concentration Are Associated with Increased Mortality: Study in an Unselected Population of Hospitalized Patients","volume":"12","author":"Malinowska J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.03147.x","article-title":"Associations between dietary nutrient intake and muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older adults: the Tasmanian older adult cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Scott D","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41926","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.2.419","article-title":"Magnesium and muscle performance in older persons: the InCHIANTI study","volume":"84","author":"Dominguez LJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422418000045","article-title":"Selected B vitamins and their possible link to the aetiology of age-related sarcopenia: relevance of UK dietary recommendations","volume":"31","author":"Aytekin N","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy054","article-title":"The Relevance of Vitamin and Iron Deficiency in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Patients of the Swiss IBD Cohort","volume":"24","author":"Madanchi M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-016-0208-3","article-title":"Serum folate predicts muscle strength: a pilot cross-sectional study of the association between serum vitamin levels and muscle strength and gait measures in patients >65 years old with diabetes mellitus in a primary care setting","volume":"15","author":"Han Wee AK","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020372","article-title":"Nutritional Aspects in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","volume":"12","author":"Balestrieri P","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"69","article-title":"Vitamin D and inflammatory diseases","volume":"7","author":"Yin K","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref40","series-title":"Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D and Calcium","volume-title":"Dietary Reference Intakes for calcium and vitamin D","author":"Ross AC","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.23736\/S1121-421X.18.02511-4","article-title":"Skeletal muscle-gut axis: Emerging mechanisms of sarcopenia for intestinal and extra intestinal diseases","volume":"64","author":"De Sire R","year":"2018","journal-title":"Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041378","article-title":"Sarcopenia and vitamin d deficiency in patients with crohn\u2019s disease: Pathological conditions that should be linked together","volume":"13","author":"Palmese F","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020293","article-title":"A vicious cycle of osteosarcopenia in inflammatory bowel diseases-aetiology, clinical implications and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Skrzypczak D","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201840","article-title":"Vitamin D status and functional parameters: A cross-sectional study in an older population","volume":"13","author":"Mendes J","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4336","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1742","article-title":"The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"99","author":"Beaudart C","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12394","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and its influence on muscle strength and mobility in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Rosendahl-Riise H","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"859","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Stockton KA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.12.004","article-title":"ESPEN guideline on Clinical Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"42","author":"Bischoff SC","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12040932","article-title":"Effects of Leucine Administration in Sarcopenia: A Randomized and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"12","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Arnau FM","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1434","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00248.2009","article-title":"mTOR regulates skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo through kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms","volume":"297","author":"Ge Y","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-022-07652-z","article-title":"Evaluation of Nutritional Characteristics Reveals Similar Prevalence of Malnutrition in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"68","author":"Singh A","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-023-07838-z","article-title":"Impact of Sarcopenia on Clinical Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korea","volume":"68","author":"Nam K","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051581","article-title":"Optimizing inpatient nutrition care of adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century","volume":"13","author":"Chiu E","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002044","article-title":"Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent among inflammatory bowel disease patients with clinical remission","volume":"33","author":"\u00dcnal NG","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"96571","article-title":"The importance of sarcopenia as a prognostic predictor of the clinical course in acute severe ulcerative colitis patients","volume":"53","author":"Ge X","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000001128","article-title":"Sarcopenia Is Common in Overweight Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and May Predict Need for Surgery","volume":"23","author":"Adams DW","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607115612054","article-title":"Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Its Impact on Postoperative Outcome in Patients With Crohn\u2019s Disease Undergoing Bowel Resection","volume":"41","author":"Zhang T","year":"2017","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1159\/000262276","article-title":"A brief report of the epidemiology of obesity in the inflammatory bowel disease population of tayside, Scotland","volume":"2","author":"Steed H","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3629-5","article-title":"Obesity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Marker of Less Severe Disease","volume":"60","author":"Flores A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.07.027","article-title":"Reciprocal Inflammatory Signaling between Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Adipocytes in the Absence of Immune Cells","volume":"23","author":"Takahashi Y","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.09.008","article-title":"Sarcopenic obesity or obese sarcopenia: A cross talk between age-associated adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation as a main mechanism of the pathogenesis","volume":"35","author":"Kalinkovich A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28047","article-title":"Longitudinal study of muscle strength, quality, and adipose tissue infiltration","volume":"90","author":"Delmonico MJ","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"214","article-title":"Fat Mass Is Negatively Associated with Muscle Strength and Jump Test Performance","volume":"9","author":"Moore BA","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Frailty Aging"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1038\/4441022a","article-title":"Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity","volume":"444","author":"Ley RE","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32739","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.012","article-title":"Roles for Intestinal Bacteria, Viruses, and Fungi in Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Therapeutic Approaches","volume":"152","author":"Sartor RB","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30587","article-title":"The fundamental basis of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"117","author":"Strober W","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-019-0341-6","article-title":"Microbial imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease patients at different taxonomic levels","volume":"12","author":"Alam MT","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut Pathog"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.11.294","article-title":"Differences in Gut Microbiota in Patients With vs Without Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review","volume":"158","author":"Pittayanon R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-021-02755-1","article-title":"FODMAPs, inflammatory bowel disease and gut microbiota: updated overview on the current evidence","volume":"61","author":"Sim\u00f5es CD","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"423","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Chronic Intestinal Inflammation. In Comprehensive Gut Microbiota","author":"Sarmento A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Elsevier"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.3.439","article-title":"Intestinal epithelial responses to enteric pathogens: effects on the tight junction barrier, ion transport, and inflammation","volume":"52","author":"Berkes J","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"2645465","article-title":"Tight Junction in the Intestinal Epithelium: Its Association with Diseases and Regulation by Phytochemicals","volume":"2018","author":"Lee B","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0345-5","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Contribute to Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Size, Composition, and Function: Biological Basis for a Gut-Muscle Axis","volume":"102","author":"Grosicki GJ","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10061100","article-title":"Intestinal Permeability Associated with the Loss of Skeletal Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Rural Area of Beijing, China","volume":"10","author":"Li C","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12128","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gls178","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharidebinding protein, a surrogate marker of microbial translocation, is associated with physical function in healthy older adults","volume":"67","author":"Stehle JR","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.110722","article-title":"Muscle strength is increased in mice that are colonized with microbiota from high-functioning older adults","volume":"127","author":"Fielding RA","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01435","article-title":"The Role of the Gut Microbiome on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Physical Function: 2019 Update","volume":"10","author":"Lustgarten MS","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"502","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aan5662","article-title":"The gut microbiota influences skeletal muscle mass and function in mice","volume":"11","author":"Lahiri S","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306541","article-title":"Exercise and associated dietary extremes impact on gut microbial diversity","volume":"63","author":"Clarke SF","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11319","article-title":"Gut microbiota composition correlates with diet and health in the elderly","volume":"488","author":"Claesson MJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00398","article-title":"An Investigation Into Physical Frailty as a Link Between the Gut Microbiome and Cognitive Health","volume":"10","author":"Verdi S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112836","article-title":"Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 on Exercise Physiological Adaptation, Performance, and Body Composition in Healthy Humans","volume":"11","author":"Huang WC","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8040205","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 Supplementation Improves Exercise Performance and Increases Muscle Mass in Mice","volume":"8","author":"Chen YM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref84","first-page":"19469","article-title":"Effectiveness of human-origin Lactobacillus plantarum PL-02 in improving muscle mass, exercise performance and anti-fatigue","volume":"30","author":"Lee MC","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref85","series-title":"Probiotics and prebiotics","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref86","article-title":"Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis","volume":"3","author":"Kaur L","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref87","article-title":"Probiotics for induction of remission in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Limketkai BN","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04417.x","article-title":"Clinical trial: the microbiological and immunological effects of synbiotic consumption - a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study in active Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"32","author":"Steed H","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04535.x","article-title":"High dose probiotic and prebiotic cotherapy for remission induction of active Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Fujimori S","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.044834","article-title":"Synbiotic therapy (Bifidobacterium longum\/Synergy 1) initiates resolution of inflammation in patients with active ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled pilot trial","volume":"54","author":"Furrie E","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1113996","article-title":"Clinical practice. Vitamin B12 deficiency","volume":"368","author":"Stabler SP","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref92","article-title":"The medical management of paediatric Crohn\u2019s disease: an ECCO-ESPGHAN guideline update","volume":"15","author":"van Rheenen PF","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15040903","article-title":"Nutritional Strategies to Manage Malnutrition and Sarcopenia following Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review","volume":"15","author":"Trigui A","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9030310","article-title":"Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?","volume":"9","author":"Vidal-Lletj\u00f3s S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2018.05.028","article-title":"Effects of a leucineenriched amino acid supplement on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in post-stroke patients with sarcopenia: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"58","author":"Yoshimura Y","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"}],"container-title":["Arquivos de Gastroenterologia"],"original-title":["Doen\u00e7a inflamat\u00f3ria intestinal e sarcopenia: um foco na for\u00e7a muscular - revis\u00e3o narrativa"],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0004-28032023000300373&tlng=en","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T11:42:11Z","timestamp":1695642131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-28032023000300373&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0004-28032023000300373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0004-2803.230302023-45","relation":{},"ISSN":["1678-4219","0004-2803"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1678-4219","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0004-2803","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}