{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T20:30:06Z","timestamp":1764102606106},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Systemic fungal infections are responsible for high mortality rates. Several species of fungi may be involved, but Candida spp. is the most prevalent. Simvastatin is used to lower cholesterol and also exhibits antifungal action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergistic action of simvastatin with fluconazole against strains of Candida spp. Susceptibility testing was performed according to protocol M27-A3, by broth microdilution method and the synergistic effect of simvastatin and fluconazole was calculated based on FICI (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index). Eleven strains were evaluated, and simvastatin showed a synergistic effect with fluconazole against 10 (91%) of the Candida spp. strains tested. Simvastatin may be a valuable drug in the treatment of systemic infections caused by Candida spp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0036-46652012000400003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,29]],"date-time":"2012-07-29T04:29:00Z","timestamp":1343536140000},"page":"197-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["In vitro synergism of simvastatin and fluconazole against Candida species"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Everardo Albuquerque","family":"Menezes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Alexandre de","family":"Vasconcelos J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1"}]},{"given":"Carlla Lorena Fa\u00e7anha","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1,  Brazil"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio Ximenes","family":"Plutarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1"}]},{"given":"Maria da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o dos Santos Oliveira","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1"}]},{"given":"Francisco Afr\u00e2nio","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Cear\u00e1"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0b013e32833e84d2","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis","volume":"16","author":"Arendrup MC","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1078-165X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-152","article-title":"Research article statins in Candidemia: clinical outcomes from a matched cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Forrest GN","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2009.01813.x","article-title":"In vitro susceptibility testing in fungi: a global perspective on a variety of methods","volume":"53","author":"Lass-Fl\u00f6rl C","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mycoses","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0933-7407","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2010.05.007","article-title":"L'activit\u00e9 antifongique des statines","volume":"20","author":"Lefebvre M","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mycol Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181bd5bf8","article-title":"Simvastatin inhibits Candida albicans biofilm in vitro","volume":"66","author":"Liu G","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediat Res"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00370.x","article-title":"Growth inhibition of Candida species and Aspergillus fumigatus by statins","volume":"262","author":"Macreadie IG","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0378-1097","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00999-09","article-title":"Defining fractional inhibitory concentration index cutoffs for additive interactions based on self-drug additive combinations, Monte Carlo simulation analysis, and in vitro-in vivo correlation data for antifungal drug combinations against Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"54","author":"Meletiadis J","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0066-4804","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2010.01972.x","article-title":"In vitro synergistic interactions of the effects of various statins and azoles against some clinically important fungi","volume":"307","author":"Nyilasi I","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0378-1097","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg301","article-title":"Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them","volume":"52","author":"Odds FC","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0305-7453","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-011-9407-9","article-title":"Chromogenic medium for direct susceptibility testing of Candida spp. isolated from urine","volume":"172","author":"Vasconcelos Jr AA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mycopathologia","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0301-486X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0351529","article-title":"Biological consequences of statins in Candida species and possible implications for human health","volume":"35","author":"Wikhe K","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0300-5127","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S\u00e3o Paulo"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/rimtsp\/v54n4\/a03v54n4.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,27]],"date-time":"2017-05-27T07:58:35Z","timestamp":1495871915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46652012000400003&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0036-46652012000400003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0036-46652012000400003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-4665"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-4665","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}}}