{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:28:55Z","timestamp":1764782935554},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cad. Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We systematically reviewed the literature on the association between coffee consumption and gastric cancer and performed a meta-analysis of the results. Published cohort and case-control studies were identified in PubMed and reference lists. Random effects meta-analysis was used to pool effects from 23 studies, and heterogeneity was explored by stratification and meta-regression. The odds ratio (OR) for the overall association between coffee and gastric cancer (highest vs. lowest category of exposure) was 0.97 (95%CI: 0.86-1.09), similar for cohort (OR = 1.02; 95%CI: 0.76-1.37) and case-control studies (population-based: OR = 0.90; 95%CI: 0.70-1.15; hospital-based: OR = 0.97; 95%CI: 0.83-1.13). The OR was 1.26 (95%CI: 1.02-1.57) when considering five studies conducted in the USA, 0.97 (95%CI: 0.82-1.14) for the five Japanese studies, 0.98 (95%CI: 0.81-1.17) for the six studies from Europe, and 0.64 (95%CI: 0.47-0.86) for the two studies from South America. In this meta-analysis we found no adverse effect of coffee associated with gastric cancer. Knowledge on the level of exposure to different coffee constituents may provide a deeper understanding of this reassuring result and the real role of coffee on cancer risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-311x2006000500002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]],"date-time":"2006-05-04T15:08:44Z","timestamp":1146755324000},"page":"889-900","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Coffee and gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Francisco","family":"Botelho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Lunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Henrique","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Food balance sheets"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(94)90022-1","article-title":"Potential genotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of coffee: a review","volume":"317","author":"Nehlig A","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mutat Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-5107","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"289","article-title":"Coffee drinking: the rationale for treating it as a potential effect modifier of carcinogenic exposures","volume":"18","author":"Porta M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0392-2990","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(01)00904-2","article-title":"The modulation of the DNA-damaging effect of polycyclic aromatic agents by xanthines: Part I Reduction of cytostatic effects of quinacrine mustard by caffeine","volume":"63","author":"Kapuscinski J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-2952","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(03)00136-2","article-title":"Alleviation of mutagenic effects of polycyclic aromatic agents by caffeine and pentoxifylline","volume":"530","author":"Piosik J","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mutat Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-5107","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20052","article-title":"Potential chemoprotective effects of the coffee components kahweol and cafestol palmitates via modification of hepatic N-acetyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase activities","volume":"44","author":"Huber WW","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0893-6692","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2004.04.002","article-title":"The coffee diterpene kahweol suppress the inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in macrophages","volume":"213","author":"Kim JY","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Lett","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0096-3917","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.05.070","article-title":"Suppressive effects of kahweol and cafestol on cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages","volume":"569","author":"Kim JY","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEBS Lett","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0014-5793","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6211","DOI":"10.1021\/jf025768c","article-title":"Coffee drinking influences plasma antioxidant capacity in humans","volume":"50","author":"Natella F","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8561","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.3.562","article-title":"Intakes of antioxidants in coffee, wine, and vegetables are correlated with plasma carotenoids in humans","volume":"134","author":"Svilaas A","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nutr","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-3166","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.2.353","article-title":"Are coffee and tea consumption associated with urinary tract risk?: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Zeegers M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0300-5771","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200008000-00004","article-title":"Coffee and cancer: a review of epidemiological studies, 1990-1999","volume":"9","author":"Tavani A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0959-8278","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009398","article-title":"Meta-analysis of coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer","volume":"147","author":"Giovannucci E.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9262","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CACO.0000043415.28319.c1","article-title":"Coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea and cancer of the colon and rectum: a review of epidemiological studies, 1990-2003","volume":"15","author":"Tavani A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0957-5243","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"335","article-title":"Gastric carcinoma in northwestern Turkey: epidemiologic characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Memik F","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0731-8898","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Meta-analysis, decision analysis, and cost effectiveness analysis: methods for quantitative synthesis in Medicine","author":"Petiti DB","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"Begg CB","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-341X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger M","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0959-8138","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"100","article-title":"A case-control study on diet and gastric cancer","volume":"32","author":"Ye W","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"95","article-title":"A case-control study on the dietary risk factors of upper digestive tract cancer","volume":"20","author":"Wang M","year":"1999","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"57","article-title":"Effect of various social and life-style factors on the incidence of stomach disease","volume":"62","author":"Salimov TG","year":"1999","journal-title":"Klin Med (Mosk)","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0023-2149","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"40","article-title":"An assessment of the interrelationship of biosocial factors and stomach cancer-the results of clinical anamnestic research in Belgrade","volume":"61","author":"Jarebinski M","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ter Arkh","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0040-3660","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"582","article-title":"A comparative case-control study of stomach and large intestinal cancers","volume":"32","author":"Tajima K","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gan No Rinsho","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-4949","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"19","article-title":"Evaluation of the association of cancer of the esophagus, stomach and colon with habits of patients","volume":"49","author":"Jarebinski M","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vojnosanit Pregl","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0042-8450","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196712)20:12<2224::AID-CNCR2820201224>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Dietary and purgation factors in the epidemiology of gastric cancer","volume":"20","author":"Graham S","year":"1967","journal-title":"Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-543X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197210)30:4<927::AID-CNCR2820300411>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Alimentary factors in the epidemiology of gastric cancer","volume":"30","author":"Graham S","year":"1967","journal-title":"Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-543X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114199","article-title":"Dietary factors and the incidence of cancer of the stomach","volume":"122","author":"Risch HA","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9262","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600349","article-title":"A prospective cohort study of soy product intake and stomach cancer death","volume":"87","author":"Nagata C","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0007-0920","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910400409","article-title":"A case-control study of diet and gastric cancer in northern Italy","volume":"40","author":"La Vecchia C","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051357","article-title":"A case-control study of stomach cancer and its relation to diet, cigarettes, and alcohol consumption in Saitama Prefecture, Japan","volume":"3","author":"Hoshiyama Y","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0957-5243","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Coffee consumption and digestive tract cancers","volume":"49","author":"La Vecchia C","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-5472","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1992.tb02004.x","article-title":"A case-control study of single and multiple stomach cancers in Saitama prefecture, Japan","volume":"83","author":"Hoshiyama Y","year":"1992","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0910-5050","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1985.36.3.291","article-title":"Diet and cancer of the stomach: a case-control study in Greece","volume":"36","author":"Trichopoulos D","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000501)86:3<421::AID-IJC18>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Comparison of lifestyle and risk factors among Japanese with and without gastric cancer family history","volume":"86","author":"Huang E","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327914NC382_7","article-title":"Reflux-inducing dietary factors and risk of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia","volume":"38","author":"Terry P","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0163-5581","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.00408.x","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric neoplasia: correlations with histological gastritis and tumor histology","volume":"93","author":"Komoto K","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9270","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"705","article-title":"Dietary habits and gastro-intestinal cancers: a comparative case-control study of stomach and large intestinal cancers in Nagoya, Japan","volume":"76","author":"Tajima K","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0910-5050","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"527","article-title":"Etiological factors in gastrointestinal cancer in man","volume":"37","author":"Higginson J","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8874","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"969","article-title":"Stomach cancer among Japanese in Hawaii","volume":"49","author":"Haenszel W","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8874","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"645","article-title":"Dietary determinants of gastric cancer in South Louisiana inhabitants","volume":"75","author":"Correa P","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8874","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"875","article-title":"Epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of stomach cancer in Taiwan","volume":"10","author":"Lee HH","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anticancer Res","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0250-7005","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051653","article-title":"Consumption of alcohol, coffee, and tobacco, and gastric cancer in Spain","volume":"3","author":"Agudo A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0957-5243","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910550203","article-title":"Diet and risk of gastric cancer: A population-based case-control study in Sweden","volume":"55","author":"Hansson LE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910560407","article-title":"Life-style and subsite of gastric cancer: joint effect of smoking and drinking habits","volume":"56","author":"Inoue M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19960615)77:12<2449::AID-CNCR6>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"The influence of cigarette smoking, alcohol, and green tea consumption on the risk of carcinoma of the cardia and distal stomach in Shanghai, China","volume":"77","author":"Ji B","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-543X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008890529261","article-title":"Tea and coffee consumption and the risk of digestive tract cancers: Data from a comparative case-referent study in Japan","volume":"9","author":"Inoue M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0957-5243","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990611)81:6<871::AID-IJC6>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Risk of stomach cancer in relation to consumption of cigarettes, alcohol, tea and coffee in Warsaw, Poland","volume":"81","author":"Chow WH","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1333","article-title":"A case-control study of gastric cancer in Venezuela","volume":"93","author":"Munoz N","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10339","article-title":"A case-control study of stomach cancer in Mumbai, India","volume":"99","author":"Rao D","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Cancer","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0020-7136","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-004-0295-2","article-title":"Dietary patterns and risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay","volume":"7","author":"De Stefani E","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"823","article-title":"Coffee drinking, mortality, and cancer incidence: results from a Norwegian prospective study","volume":"76","author":"Jacobsen B","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8874","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/76.4.587","article-title":"Prospective study of coffee consumption and the risk of cancer","volume":"76","author":"Nomura A","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8874","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01694753","article-title":"Coffee and cancer: a prospective study of 43,000 Norwegian men and women","volume":"5","author":"Stensvold I","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0957-5243","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.3.166","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and stomach cancer incidence in men: results from The Netherlands Cohort Study","volume":"52","author":"van Loon AJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0141-7681","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"173","article-title":"Intakes of selected foods and beverages and the incidence of gastric cancer among the Japanese residents of Hawaii: a prospective study","volume":"27","author":"Galanis DJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Epidemiol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0917-5040","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103013440903","article-title":"Green tea and the risk of gastric cancer in Japan","volume":"344","author":"Tsubono Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0028-4793","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"58","article-title":"Dietary habits and cancer mortality among middle aged and older Japanese living in Hokkaido, Japan by cancer site and sex","volume":"5","author":"Khan MMH","year":"2004","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7124.61","article-title":"Bias in location and selection of studies","volume":"316","author":"Egger M","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0959-8138","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(88)90005-9","article-title":"Confounders contributing to the reported associations of coffee or caffeine with disease","volume":"17","author":"Schreiber GB","year":"1988","journal-title":"Prev Med","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0091-7435","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(94)90334-4","article-title":"Caffeinated coffee and tea intake and its relationship to cigarette smoking: an analysis of the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II)","volume":"6","author":"Klesges RC","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0899-3289","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1994.1052","article-title":"Coffee, tea, and lifestyle","volume":"23","author":"Schwarz B","year":"1994","journal-title":"Prev Med","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0091-7435","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3438","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0101410","article-title":"Comparison of the antioxidant activity of commonly consumed polyphenolic beverages (coffee, cocoa, and tea) prepared per cup serving","volume":"49","author":"Richelle M","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8561","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1080\/026520300420448","article-title":"Ochratoxin A in Brazilian roasted and instant coffees","volume":"17","author":"Leoni LA","year":"2000","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0265-203X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1080\/02652030210145027","article-title":"Survey of Canadian retail coffees for ochratoxin A","volume":"19","author":"Lombaert GA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0265-203X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1021\/jf011702q","article-title":"Effect of roasting on the antioxidant activity of coffee brews","volume":"50","author":"Del Castillo MD","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8561","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5168","DOI":"10.1021\/jf030116p","article-title":"Influence of roasting levels on ochratoxin A content in coffee","volume":"51","author":"Romani S","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8561","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(93)90076-B","article-title":"Lipid content and composition of coffee brews prepared by different methods","volume":"31","author":"Ratnayake WM","year":"1993","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0278-6915","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.1.149","article-title":"Effects of cafestol and kahweol from coffee grounds on serum lipids and serum liver enzymes in humans","volume":"61","author":"Urgert R","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9165","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(96)00123-8","article-title":"Analysis of the content of the diterpenes cafestol and kahweol in coffee brews","volume":"35","author":"Gross G","year":"1997","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0278-6915","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"S101","article-title":"Consumption of unfiltered coffee brews in elderly Europeans. SENECA Investigators","volume":"50 Suppl 2","author":"Urgert R","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0954-3007","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["Cadernos de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/csp\/v22n5\/02.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T15:56:58Z","timestamp":1555603018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2006000500002&lng=en&tlng=en"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0102-311X2006000500002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0102-311x2006000500002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0102-311X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0102-311X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}}}