{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T14:32:16Z","timestamp":1689604336577},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contexto int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Uma dificuldade crucial no estudo das rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais \u00e9 unir investiga\u00e7\u00e3o te\u00f3rica com investiga\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica. O objetivo deste artigo \u00e9 analisar como Hobbes enfrentou este problema, bem como em que medida a solu\u00e7\u00e3o que apresentou influenciou a teoria das rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais e permite ainda hoje resolver dificuldades desta disciplina. A primeira parte examina como Hobbes justifica seu m\u00e9todo de pensar hist\u00f3rica e teoricamente ao mesmo tempo. A segunda parte mostra como Hobbes \u00e9 recuperado no p\u00f3s-Segunda Guerra tanto pela revis\u00e3o do programa idealista como pelo emergente realismo, em ambos os casos a fim de criticar o idealismo do entreguerras. A terceira parte, tendo em vista o debate contempor\u00e2neo em rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais, mostra como o neo-realismo, concentrando-se em tecnologias de poder, perde o interesse pela investiga\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica presente no realismo cl\u00e1ssico; e o normativismo que se fortalece a partir dos anos 90, formulando uma justificada cr\u00edtica \u00e0 aus\u00eancia de reflex\u00e3o \u00e9tica no neorealismo, recai muitas vezes em variantes do idealismo ut\u00f3pico. Em ambos h\u00e1 um d\u00e9ficit de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica, o que n\u00e3o permite analisar a conting\u00eancia das rela\u00e7\u00f5es sociais. Se o car\u00e1ter predominantemente antropol\u00f3gico da historiografia de Hobbes, bem como o car\u00e1ter predominantemente institucionalista de sua teoria do Estado e do Direito n\u00e3o podem mais ser aceitos, \u00e9 seu modo de pensar ao mesmo tempo te\u00f3rica e historicamente o legado e o desafio que nos deixa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-85292003000200001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,10]],"date-time":"2011-04-10T07:38:00Z","timestamp":1302421080000},"page":"229-272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["O historiador e o te\u00f3rico: a historiografia de Hobbes na teoria das rela\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Soraya","family":"Nour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Zittel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Frankfurt; Universidade de Warminsko-Mazurski,  Pol\u00f4nia"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"La Propagande pour la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Nations","author":"AULARD Alphonse","journal-title":"La Paix par le Droit"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"The Works of Francis Bacon","volume-title":"The Advancement of Learning","volume":"3","author":"BACON Francis"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Le L\u00e9viathan dans la Doctrine de l'\u00c9tat de Thomas Hobbes","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Preface: Le Hobbes de Schmitt, le Schmitt de Hobbes","author":"BALIBAR \u00c9tienne"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Hobbes and History","first-page":"25","volume-title":"When Hobbes Needed History","author":"BAUMGOLD Deborah"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Hobbes and History","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Hobbes' Behemoth","author":"BOROT Luc"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Political Theories of International Relations","author":"BOUCHER David","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"240","article-title":"Quelques Probl\u00e8mes Psychologiques de l'\u00c9ducation pour la Paix","author":"BOVET Pierre","journal-title":"La Paix par le Droit"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"L'\u00c9thique des Relations Internationales: Les Th\u00e9ories Anglo-Am\u00e9ricaines Contemporaines","volume-title":"Pr\u00e9face","author":"BRAILLARD Philippe"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"717","article-title":"Hobbes and the International Anarchy","volume":"48","author":"BULL Hedley","journal-title":"Social Research","ISSN":"http:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0037-783X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"International Theory: The Three Traditions","first-page":"IX","volume-title":"Martin Wight and the Theory of International Relations","author":"BULL Hedley"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"The Twenty Years'Crisis: 1919-1939","author":"CARR Edward H","year":"1946","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","first-page":"7","article-title":"The Impact of Public Opinion upon Foreign Policy and Diplomacy: Open Diplomacy Revisited","volume":"19","author":"CLAUDE JR Inis L","journal-title":"Internationale Spectator"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"The New Leviathan","author":"COLLINGWOOD Robin George","year":"1942"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"The New Realism: Perspectives on Multilateralism and World Order","volume-title":"Introduction","author":"COX Robert W"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"The Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Philosophy","volume-title":"Method and the Study of Nature","volume":"I","author":"DEAR Peter"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Oeuvres de Descartes","first-page":"489","volume-title":"La Recherche de la V\u00e9rit\u00e9 par la Lumi\u00e8re Naturelle","volume":"X","author":"DESCARTES Ren\u00e9","edition":"2"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Aristotle on Logic, Language and Science","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and the Path to the Principles","author":"DETEL Wolfgang"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"ref18","first-page":"330","article-title":"Hobbes und die Historiographie","volume":"5","author":"DETEL Wolfgang","journal-title":"Zeitspr\u00fcnge. 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