{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T20:26:43Z","timestamp":1773865603642,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"FapUNIFESP (SciELO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To determine which of three published models best characterizes the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 and to assess its validity and reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 for 1,297 adult, primary care outpatients (66.7% female, Mage = 48.57 years) comparing 3 models. The relationship between the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was analyzed. The correlated 3-factor model fit the data best. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency, with alpha scores of the subscales ranging from 0.836 to 0.897. Correlation with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was positive and moderate with the negative affect scale; it was negative and limited with the positive affect. These findings support the correlated 3-factor structure. The test demonstrated adequate reliability and construct validity, which supports its use for screening in primary care settings with Portuguese speakers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1590\/s0104-11692012000300022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,15]],"date-time":"2012-09-15T12:25:11Z","timestamp":1347711911000},"page":"590-596","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Confirmatory factor analysis of the portuguese Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21"],"prefix":"10.1590","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Lu\u00eds Alves","family":"Ap\u00f3stolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra,  Portugal"}]},{"given":"Barry Allen","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Stress Center,  USA"}]},{"given":"Cynthia Lee","family":"Arfken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wayne State University,  USA"}]}],"member":"530","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2008.02731.x","article-title":"A literature review of the application of the Geriatric Depression Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist to community nursing cohorts","volume":"18","author":"Allen J","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1348\/014466506X158996","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in depressed clinical samples","volume":"46","author":"Page AC","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Clin Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.10.2.176","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample","volume":"10","author":"Antony MM","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychol Assess."},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales","first-page":"42","author":"Lovibond SH","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Statistical methods for identifying flaws in the test adaptation process","author":"Sireci SG","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o psicol\u00f3gica: formas e contextos","first-page":"267","volume-title":"Estudo das caracter\u00edsticas psicom\u00e9tricas de uma escala de Depress\u00e3o, Ansiedade e Stresse em jovens adultos: Psychometric characteristics of a Depression Anxiety and Stress scale in young adults","author":"Alves G","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"66","article-title":"Propriedades psicom\u00e9tricas da Escala de Depress\u00e3o, Ansiedade e Stresse (DASS-21), numa amostra n\u00e3o cl\u00ednica.: Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) in a nonclinical sample","volume":"15","author":"Ap\u00f3stolo JLA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Invest Enferm."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","first-page":"229","article-title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o estudo da adapta\u00e7\u00e3o Portuguesa das Escalas de Ansiedade, Depress\u00e3o e Stress (EADS) de 21 itens de Lovibond e Lovibond: Study of the Portuguese adaptation of the 21-item Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scales (DASS21) of Lovibond and Lovibond","volume":"5","author":"Pais-Ribeiro JL","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psicol Sa\u00fade & Doen\u00e7as."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-11692006000600006","article-title":"Adaptation to Portuguese of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS)","volume":"14","author":"Ap\u00f3stolo JLA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. 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