{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:29:04Z","timestamp":1761092944212,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,17]],"date-time":"2012-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3729,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Study Objective.<\/jats:bold> To evaluate whether a relationship exists between valproate treatment and transaminase elevations in patients who are positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design.<\/jats:bold> Retrospective medical record review.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting.<\/jats:bold> Veterans affairs medical center.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Patients.<\/jats:bold> A total of 214 HCV\u2010positive patients; 28 were treated with valproate (study group), 186 were not (control group).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Intervention.<\/jats:bold> Demographic characteristics; valproate treatment histories; plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, and bilirubin; and exposure to other potentially hepatotoxic drugs, including probable alcohol abuse, were evaluated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements and Main Results.<\/jats:bold> Hepatotoxicity was staged by comparing maximum ALT and AST values against upper limits of normal or patients' mean elevated baseline ALT and AST values. Data were analyzed using a logistic regression model. Control patients and those with longer durations of HCV were more likely (p&lt;0.0171 and p&lt;0.0142, respectively) to exhibit higher stages of hepatotoxicity. More valproate\u2010treated patients were exposed to other potential hepatotoxins at the time of peak transaminase elevations (50% vs 39%, p&lt;0.005), whereas more control patients received two or more potential hepatotoxins (13% vs 4%, p&lt;0.00005).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> Valproate treatment, either alone or in the presence of other potential hepatotoxins, does not appear to be related to increased transaminase elevations in patients with HCV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.21.17.1345.34431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,8]],"date-time":"2004-06-08T12:06:03Z","timestamp":1086696363000},"page":"1345-1351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Retrospective Evaluation of the Effect of Valproate Therapy on Transaminase Elevations in Patients with Hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Rex S.","family":"Lott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin M.","family":"Helmboldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl J.","family":"Madaras\u2010Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV\u2010related chronic disease","volume":"47","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1998","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/56.10.961","article-title":"Hepatitis C: natural history, diagnosis, and management","volume":"56","author":"Lam N.P.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Health-Syst Pharm"},{"volume-title":"Chronic hepatitis C: current disease management","year":"1999","author":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.2.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.28.9.961"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(98)70351-8"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1592%2Fphco.21.17.1345.34431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1592\/phco.21.17.1345.34431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T09:39:12Z","timestamp":1761039552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1592\/phco.21.17.1345.34431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1592\/phco.21.17.1345.34431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1592\/phco.21.17.1345.34431","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0277-0008"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1875-9114"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-01-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}