{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T14:46:46Z","timestamp":1790261206450,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2998,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many \u03b2\u2010lactam antimicrobials were developed between the 1960s and 1980s, with continuing development driven by the emergence of microbial resistance. Penems form a discrete class of \u03b2\u2010lactams that comprises structural hybrids of penicillins (penams) and cephalosporins (cephems). The chemistry and microbiology of the representative penems MEN 10700, ritipenem, CGP 31608, sulopenem, BRL 42715, and faropenem are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on faropenem, which is in late clinical development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.23.14.1497.31937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,10]],"date-time":"2004-05-10T08:48:55Z","timestamp":1084178935000},"page":"1497-1507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Chemical and Microbiologic Aspects of Penems, a Distinct Class of \u03b2\u2010Lactams: Focus on Faropenem"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jeremy M. T.","family":"Hamilton\u2010Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199611073351907"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.4.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.4.8.705"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"167","volume-title":"Recent advances in the chemistry of j \u2010lactam antibiotics. Special publication","author":"Woodward RB.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00494a032"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200161050-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","unstructured":"LomaestroB.Promising new antimicrobials and antivirals. Report from the 41st interscience conference on antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2001. Available fromhttp:www.medscape.comviewarticle419289. AccessedApril 8 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"197","volume-title":"Infectious diseases","author":"Sanders CC","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1992.00400170020005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"167","article-title":"Risk of administering cephalosporin antibiotics to patients with histories of penicillin allergy","volume":"74","author":"Ann\u00e9 S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1230183"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"499","volume-title":"Faropenem demonstrates lower antigenic cross\u2010reactivity compared to other \u03b2 \u2010lactam antibiotics in a rabbit immunogenicity model [abstr]","author":"Weinstein D.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000007233"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/41.5.513"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/42.4.553"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.3.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf100"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"792","volume-title":"In vitro activity of faropenem against gram\u2010positive and gram\u2010negative bacteria [abstr]","author":"Milatovic D.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","volume-title":"Data on file","author":"Bayer Corporation.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/39.5.575"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000048582"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.3.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/23.suppl_C.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/16.3.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/23.suppl_C.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.10.2534","article-title":"Potent bacteriolytic activity of ritipenem associated with characteristic profile of affinities for penicillin\u2010binding proteins of Haemophilus influenzae","volume":"43","author":"Inui T.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.8.1160"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","first-page":"338","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of sulopenem, a new parenteral penem antibiotic [in Japanese]","volume":"49","author":"Inoue E.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jpn J Antibiot"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/32.3.421"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.26.5.707"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/21.1.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"352","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem antibiotic [in Japanese]","volume":"49","author":"Komoto A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jpn J Antibiot"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","first-page":"303","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem compared with those of imipenem and cephalosporins [in Japanese]","volume":"49","author":"Nagashima M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jpn J Antibiot"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.7.1427"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.3.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.872"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","first-page":"144","article-title":"A comparative study on the efficacies of ritipenem acoxil and cefotiam hexetil in bacterial pneumonia by the double\u2010blind method [in Japanese]","volume":"49","author":"Saito A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jpn J Antibiot"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","first-page":"219","article-title":"Comparative study on the efficacy of ritipenem acoxil and cefotiam hexetil in chronic lower respiratory tract infections by the double\u2010blind method [in Japanese]","volume":"49","author":"Saito A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jpn J Antibiot"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","unstructured":"AmyesSGB ThomsonCJ.Faropenem the first furanem. [abstr]. Presented at the 1st international meeting on penems carbapenems and related compounds \u2018nems 2001. Venice Italy December 1315 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.41.1685"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.2.550-555.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/49.3.575"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/48.1.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","first-page":"C1","volume-title":"Stability of faropenem to beta\u2010lactamases [abstr]","author":"Amyes AKB","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","first-page":"P1285","article-title":"Target affinity and \u03b2\u2010lactamase stability of faropenem in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Serratia marcescens [abstr]","volume":"7","author":"Dalhoff A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/39.1.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf100"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf139"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128413-200112890-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/dof.2002.027.03.659134"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1592%2Fphco.23.14.1497.31937","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1592\/phco.23.14.1497.31937","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T17:22:23Z","timestamp":1761067343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1592\/phco.23.14.1497.31937"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1592\/phco.23.14.1497.31937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1592\/phco.23.14.1497.31937","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-0008","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-01-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}