{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T02:40:55Z","timestamp":1789267255310,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]],"date-time":"2012-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1984,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tigecycline is the first commercially available member of the glycylcyclines, a new class of antimicrobial agents. The glycylcyclines are derivatives of the tetracycline antibiotics, with structural modifications that allow for potent gram\u2010positive, gram\u2010negative, and anaerobic activity, including certain multidrug\u2010resistant strains. The enhanced activity can be attributed to stronger binding affinity and enhanced protection against several mechanisms of resistance that affect other antibiotic classes such as tetracyclines. Tigecycline exhibits generally bacteriostatic action by reversibly binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting protein translation. In vitro activity has been demonstrated against multidrug\u2010resistant gram\u2010positive pathogens including methicillin\u2010resistant and glycopeptide\u2010intermediate and \u2010resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, as well as vancomycin\u2010resistant enterococci. Multidrug\u2010resistant gram\u2010negative pathogens, such as <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> and extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamase\u2013producing <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, are typically highly susceptible to tigecycline. The drug also has displayed significant activity against many clinically important anaerobic organisms. This agent demonstrates a predictable pharmacokinetic profile and minimal drug interactions, and is generally well tolerated, with nausea being the most common adverse event. It was approved in June 2005 for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs) and complicated intraabdominal infections. Currently, a limited number of broad\u2010spectrum antimicrobials are available to combat multidrug\u2010resistant organisms. The addition of new agents is essential to limiting the spread of these pathogens and improving outcomes in patients with these types of infections. Tigecycline has demonstrated promising results in initial in vitro and clinical studies for SSSIs and complicated intraabdominal infections; however, further clinical experience will clarify its role as a broad\u2010spectrum agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.26.8.1099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,25]],"date-time":"2006-07-25T07:57:35Z","timestamp":1153814255000},"page":"1099-1110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Tigecycline: First of a New Class of Antimicrobial Agents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Warren E.","family":"Rose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Rybak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1198","volume-title":"AcrAB efflux\u2010mediated decreased susceptibility to tigecycline in Enterobacter spp [abstr]","author":"Ruzin A.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/40.1.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422458"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.275-280.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.20.14.219S.35046"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(99)00216-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh125"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(01)00269-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.8.2225-2229.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2595-2601.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2004.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2004.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2004.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/431673"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.1.302-308.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg289"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.3.892-895.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(99)00092-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2000.00034-6.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2604-2608.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00198-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests, approved standard 9th ed, M2\u2010A9","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00132-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2004.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(00)00193-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","unstructured":"Fritsche T.R. Sader H.S. Jones R.N..Activity of tigecycline tested against non\u2010fermentative gram\u2010negative bacilli including imipenem\u2010non\u2010susceptible strains and ESBL\u2010producing Enterobacteriaceae. Presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America San Francisco CA October 69 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.2.665-669.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.3.972-978.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.4.1636-1638.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.6.2179-2184.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.5.1865-1871.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.3.1017-1022.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.1.220-229.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(04)90070-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2005.17.Supplement-1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.4.1629-1632.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.4.1656-1659.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.1.216-222.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.11.4479-4481.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.4.943-949.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","first-page":"247","volume-title":"Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics in theory and clinical practice","author":"Cunha B.A.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00243-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.22.17.1517.34117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.11.3022-3027.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4658-4666.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_2","unstructured":"Ellis\u2010Grosse E.J. Bradford P.A. Loh E..Tigecycline in patients with extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamases (ESBL)\u2013producing bacteria: experience from phase 3 clinical trials. Presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America San Francisco CA October 69 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/431676"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_2","unstructured":"Ellis\u2010Grosse E.J. Loh E for the Tigecycline 301 Study GroupTigecycline compared with imipenem\/cilastatin in the treatment of complicated intra\u2010abdominal infections. Presented at the 15th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Copenhagen Denmark April 25 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_2","first-page":"3841","volume-title":"Tigecycline vs imipenem\/cilastatin for treatment of complicated intraabdominal infections [abstr]","author":"Dartois N.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_2","first-page":"A\u2010460","volume-title":"Tigecycline and digoxin coadministered to healthy men [abstr]","author":"Zimmerman J.J.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_2","first-page":"A\u201021","volume-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tigecycline and warfarin coadministered to healthy subjects [abstr]","author":"Raible D.G.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/431675"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_2","unstructured":"Meagher A.K. Passarell J.A. Liolios K. et al.Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic model for the safety of tigecycline in patients with complicated skin and skin\u2010structure infections. Presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America San Francisco CA October 69 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_2","first-page":"F\u2010416","volume-title":"Pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and tolerability of GAR\u2010936, a novel glycylcycline antibiotic, in healthy subjects [abstr]","author":"Muralidharan G.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_2","first-page":"800","volume-title":"Red book: pharmacy's fundamental reference","author":"Fleming T.","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1592%2Fphco.26.8.1099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1592\/phco.26.8.1099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:32:14Z","timestamp":1761057134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1592\/phco.26.8.1099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1592\/phco.26.8.1099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1592\/phco.26.8.1099","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-0008","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-01-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}