{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T18:43:31Z","timestamp":1768416211610,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]],"date-time":"2012-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":827,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Study Objective<\/jats:bold>. To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and costs of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (TMG) induction in patients who received kidney transplants from living unrelated donors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>. Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting<\/jats:bold>. Large academic medical center.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Patients<\/jats:bold>. Eighty\u2010seven patients who received kidney transplants from living unrelated donors: 40 of the recipients underwent transplantation between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2004, and did not receive TMG induction (no induction group); 47 underwent transplantation between January 1, 2005, and June 30, 2006, and received TMG induction (induction group). All patients received cyclosporine\u2010based immunosuppression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:bold>. Biopsy\u2010proven acute rejection, posttransplantation complications, and inpatient hospital costs for the first 12 months after transplantation were compared between groups using standard univariate statistical analyses. Induction significantly decreased the occurrence of biopsy\u2010proven acute rejection versus no induction (2% vs 48%, p&lt;0.001). Fifty percent of rejection episodes in the no induction group required hospitalization, and 46% of rejection episodes required TMG treatment. Slightly elevated initial costs associated with TMG induction were offset by lower costs related to rejection treatment. Total inpatient costs for the 12 months after transplantation were comparable between the groups (no induction $66,038 vs induction $74,183, p&gt;0.05). For the no induction versus induction groups, no significant differences in cytomegalovirus disease (5% vs 6%), malignancy (3% vs 2%), graft failures (5% vs 6%), mortality (5% vs 4%), and serum creatinine concentrations (mean \u00b1 SD 1.4 \u00b1 0.3 vs 1.5 \u00b1 0.3 mg\/dl) were observed at 12 months (p&gt;0.05 for all comparisons)<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>. Five\u2010day TMG induction effectively reduced the 1\u2010year acute rejection rate without significantly increasing total inpatient costs or posttransplantation complications among recipients of kidney transplants from living unrelated donors<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.10.1166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]],"date-time":"2009-09-30T14:44:02Z","timestamp":1254321842000},"page":"1166-1174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin Induction in Adults Who Received Kidney Transplants from Living Unrelated Donors and Received Cyclosporine\u2010Based Immunosuppression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"James T.","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis D.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda J.","family":"Stuckey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fu L.","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Englesbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Magee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong M.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","volume-title":"2006 OPTN\/SRTR annual report: transplant data 1996\u20132005","author":"U.S. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network and the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200108000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000083895.64198.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000112435.51747.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000135464.11616.5A"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(02)02975-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199304000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200001150-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200107150-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000121763.44137.FA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200109270-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199904150-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060068"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000056635.59888.EF"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V133769","article-title":"Association of antibody induction with short\u2010 and long\u2010term cause\u2010specific mortality in renal transplant recipients","volume":"13","author":"Meier\u2010Kriesche HU","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000100826.58738.2B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.037416"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00299.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics.Consumer price indexes. 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