{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:23:08Z","timestamp":1777522988795,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,1]],"date-time":"2004-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1088640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the expression patterns of the various transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (Tgf-\u03b2) isoforms, known to be involved in suture development, in the perisutural tissues of rabbits with naturally occurring craniosynostosis and relate such differential expression to the pathogenesis of premature suture fusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-one coronal sutures were harvested from six wild-type control New Zealand White rabbits and five rabbits with familial coronal suture synostosis at 25 days of age for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. Tgf-\u03b2 isoform immunoreactivity was assessed using indirect immunoperoxidase procedures with specific antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Synostosed sutures had significantly (p &lt; .01) greater bone area and relatively more osteoblasts and osteocytes in the osteogenic fronts, compared with wild-type sutures. Tgf-\u03b2 isoform immunoreactivity showed differential staining patterns between wild-type and synostosed perisutural tissues. In wild-type sutures, Tgf-\u03b21 and Tgf-\u03b23 immunoreactivity was significantly (p &lt; .001) greater than Tgf-\u03b22 staining in all perisutural tissues. In synostosed sutures, the opposite pattern was observed, with Tgf-\u03b22 immunoreactivity significantly (p &lt; .001) greater than Tgf-\u03b21 and Tgf-\u03b23 in the osteogenic fronts, dura mater, and periosteum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings from this study suggest that an overexpression of Tgf-\u03b22, either in isolation or in association with an underexpression of Tgf-\u03b21 and Tgf-\u03b23, may be related to premature suture fusion (craniosynostosis) in this pathological rabbit model. These abnormal expression patterns may be involved in premature suture fusion either through increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis of the osteoblasts or both at the osteogenic fronts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/02-140.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,28]],"date-time":"2004-06-28T13:50:27Z","timestamp":1088430627000},"page":"392-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Transforming Growth Factor-\u03b2 Isoform Expression in the Perisutural Tissues of Craniosynostotic Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Elyane","family":"Poisson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontist in private practice in Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Sciote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Koepsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynne A.","family":"Opperman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark P.","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Anthropology, Plastic Surgery, and Orthodontics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-02-140.1","first-page":"A-462","volume":"81","author":"Al-Azemi R.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"bibr2-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199001000-00036","volume":"250","author":"Bonewald L.F.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Orthop."},{"key":"bibr3-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.1154"},{"key":"bibr4-02-140.1","first-page":"177","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Camfield P.R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr5-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.31.18616"},{"key":"bibr6-02-140.1","first-page":"A-462","volume":"81","author":"Chong S.L.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"bibr7-02-140.1","first-page":"89","volume":"80","author":"Chong S.L.","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"bibr8-02-140.1","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Cohen M.M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr9-02-140.1","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Cohen M.M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr10-02-140.1","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Cohen M.M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr11-02-140.1","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Cohen M.M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr12-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.3.322"},{"key":"bibr13-02-140.1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Cohen M.M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr14-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110314"},{"key":"bibr15-02-140.1","first-page":"115","volume":"67","author":"Engstrom C.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"bibr16-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2000_037_0370_arciip_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr17-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200105000-00015"},{"key":"bibr18-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221953.ch6"},{"key":"bibr19-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1194-275"},{"key":"bibr20-02-140.1","first-page":"249","volume-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management.","author":"Jane J.A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr21-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200206000-00028"},{"key":"bibr22-02-140.1","first-page":"89","volume":"19","author":"Kokich V.G.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J."},{"key":"bibr23-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1997_034_0330_elotgf_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr24-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199905000-00007"},{"key":"bibr25-02-140.1","first-page":"52","volume":"16","author":"Mooney M.P.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Craniofac Gen Dev Biol."},{"key":"bibr26-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2001_038_0206_cocssu_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr27-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-199805000-00010"},{"key":"bibr28-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0185(20001101)260:3<238::AID-AR40>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr29-02-140.1","first-page":"S26","volume":"32","author":"Mooney M.P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg."},{"key":"bibr30-02-140.1","first-page":"A-221","volume":"81","author":"Mooney M.P.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"bibr31-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1994_031_0008_doasor_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr32-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1994_031_0001_doasor_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr33-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050219"},{"key":"bibr34-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221953.ch9"},{"key":"bibr35-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1996_033_0369_cspasp_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr36-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199805000-00001"},{"key":"bibr37-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2003_040_0225_dotgfa_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr38-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1194-269"},{"key":"bibr39-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0177(2000)9999:9999<::AID-DVDY1044>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"bibr40-02-140.1","first-page":"164","volume":"19","author":"Opperman L.A.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol."},{"key":"bibr41-02-140.1","first-page":"150","volume":"18","author":"Opperman L.A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol."},{"key":"bibr42-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0544.2002.01179.x"},{"key":"bibr43-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.10094"},{"key":"bibr44-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.3.301"},{"key":"bibr45-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221953.ch20"},{"key":"bibr46-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0994-98"},{"key":"bibr47-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.9.1845","volume":"127","author":"Rice D.P.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"bibr48-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0909-8836.1999.eos107406.x"},{"key":"bibr49-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199702000-00002"},{"key":"bibr50-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.3.311"},{"key":"bibr51-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.13.2659","volume":"124","author":"Sanford L.P.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"bibr52-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2001_038_0606_eaoodf_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr53-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.10066"},{"key":"bibr54-02-140.1","first-page":"4473","volume":"10","author":"ten Dijke P.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol."},{"key":"bibr55-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01545"},{"key":"bibr56-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2001.42.6.646"},{"key":"bibr57-02-140.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11846"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1597\/02-140.1","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1597\/02-140.1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:19:15Z","timestamp":1777393155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1597\/02-140.1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1597\/02-140.1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1597\/02-140.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]}}}