{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:26:22Z","timestamp":1777523182026,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compare 5-year-old dental arch relationships of patients from three centers with differing primary protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study of treatment outcomes using blinded evaluation of dental study casts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three major cleft-craniofacial centers; one (center A) is a free-standing institution, and two (centers B and C) are university hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>118 (A = 41; B = 33; C = 44) consecutively treated 5-year-old patients with complete, nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Centers A and C completed primary repair without presurgical orthopedics by 18 months (center A in three surgeries and center C in two surgeries). Center B used passive presurgical orthopedics with lip\/soft palate repair at 6 months and gingivo-alveoloplasty\/hard palate repair at 18 to 36 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Averaged ratings of dental casts using the 5-year yardstick were computed for each patient. The Wilcoxon two-sample test was used to compare means; a chi-square test was used to compare distributions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intra- and interexaminer reliability tests showed excellent reliability (&gt;.90). Mean scores were not significantly different. Distribution of scores differed significantly. Center A had the highest percentage of good scores and the lowest percentage of poor scores (72% versus 6.5%), followed by center B (63% versus 6.6%) and center C (59% versus 16.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Centers A and B had comparable scores and completely different protocols in surgical technique, timing, sequencing, and nonuse\/use of appliances. Center C's results were slightly lower than those of 1 and 3, but the center had the protocol with the least burden of treatment (only two surgeries, without use of appliances).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/04-093.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,7]],"date-time":"2006-09-07T13:27:59Z","timestamp":1157635679000},"page":"253-258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["A Multicenter Outcomes Assessment of Five-Year-Old Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Wanda","family":"Flinn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic, Lancaster, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Ross E.","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic, Lancaster, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Garattini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunvor","family":"Semb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Manchester, U.K"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0409_asciso_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ortho.25.3.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"Comparisons of the effect of two palatoplasties on facial and dental relations.","volume":"11","author":"Bishara S.E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"BisharaS.E.. 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