{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:26:38Z","timestamp":1777523198340,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]],"date-time":"2006-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1157068800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the dental arch relationships for a consecutive series from Goteborg, Sweden, who had delayed hard palate closure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The dental study models of 104 consecutive unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects. The study cohort was born between 1979 and 1994. Longitudinal records were available at ages 5 (n = 94), 10 (n = 97), 16 (n = 59), and 19 years (n = 46). Five assessors rated models according to the GOSLON Yardstick on two separate occasions each.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These patients had been operated upon according to the Goteborg protocol of delayed hard palate closure (at age 8 years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>85% of subjects were rated in groups 1 and 2 (excellent or very good outcome), 12% were rated in group 3 (satisfactory), and 3% were assigned to group 4 (poor). No patients presented in Group 5 (very poor). Weighted kappa statistics for double determination of Yardstick allocation for five assessors demonstrated values between .65 and .90 for interrater agreement (good\/very good) and between .70 and .90 for intrarater agreement (very good).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Delayed hard palate closure as practiced in Goteborg since 1979 has produced the best GOSLON Yardstick ratings in a consecutive series of patients ever recorded worldwide, since the Yardstick was first used in 1983. However, it is noteworthy that a new protocol has been introduced in Goteborg since 1994, in which hard palate closure is done at 3 years due to concerns regarding speech.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/05-069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,19]],"date-time":"2006-09-19T14:41:29Z","timestamp":1158676889000},"page":"606-611","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Analysis of Dental Arch Relationships in Swedish Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Subjects: 20-Year Longitudinal Consecutive Series Treated with Delayed Hard Palate Closure"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Lilja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Orthodontist North Thames Cleft Lip and Palate Service, Maxillofacial and Dental Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Elander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Enocson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinics of Odontology, Goteborg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catharina","family":"Hagberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinics of Odontology, Goteborg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Worrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial Prosthetist, Maxillofacial and Dental Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Puneet","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial and Dental Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Friede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy at Goteborg University, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-05-069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198402000-00007"},{"key":"bibr2-05-069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90086-7"},{"key":"bibr3-05-069","first-page":"238","volume":"13","author":"Bishara S.E.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J."},{"key":"bibr4-05-069","first-page":"59","volume":"16","author":"Bishara 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