{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:10:07Z","timestamp":1777522207660,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to identify the potential effect of prenatal vitamin B12 administration on retinoic acid (RA)-induced early craniofacial abnormalities in mice and to investigate the possible mechanisms by which vitamin B12 reduces malformations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our study, whole embryo culture was used to explore the effect of vitamin B12 on mouse embryos during the critical period of organogenesis. All embryos were exposed to 0.4 \u03bcM RA and different concentrations of vitamin B12 and scored for their growth in the branchial region at the end of a 48-hour culture period. The endothelin-1 (ET-1)\/dHAND protein expression levels in the first branchial arch were investigated using an immunohistochemical method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the whole embryo culture, 100 and 10 \u03bcM vitamin B12 dose-dependently prevented branchial region malformations and decreased craniofacial defects by 90.5% and 77.3%, respectively. ET-1 and dHAND protein levels were significantly increased in vitamin B12-supplemented embryos compared to the RA-exposed group in embryonic branchial region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results suggest that vitamin B12 may prevent RA-induced craniofacial abnormalities via prevention of an RA-induced decrease of ET-1 and dHAND protein levels in the branchial region during the organogenic period. This study may shed new light on preventing craniofacial abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/09-156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,3]],"date-time":"2010-09-03T12:58:53Z","timestamp":1283518733000},"page":"355-362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevention of Retinoic Acid-Induced Early Craniofacial Abnormalities by Vitamin B12 in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Zhaofeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 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