{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:20:16Z","timestamp":1787023216902,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe and compare speech and phonology at age 3 years in children born with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate treated with three different methods for primary palatal surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary care university hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-eight Swedish-speaking children born with nonsyndromic unilateral complete cleft lip and palate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three methods for primary palatal surgery: two-stage closure with soft palate closure between 3.4 and 6.4 months and hard palate closure at mean age 12.3 months (n = 9) or 36.2 months (n = 9) or one-stage closure at mean age 13.6 months (n = 10).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on independent judgments performed by two speech-language pathologists from standardized video recordings: percent correct consonants adjusted for age, percent active cleft speech characteristics, total number of phonological processes, number of different phonological processes, hypernasality, and audible nasal air leakage. The hard palate was unrepaired in nine of the children treated with two-stage closure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The group treated with one-stage closure showed significantly better results than the group with an unoperated hard palate regarding percent active cleft speech characteristics and total number of phonological processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early primary palatal surgery in one or two stages did not result in any significant differences in speech production at age 3 years. However, children with an unoperated hard palate had significantly poorer speech and phonology than peers who had been treated with one-stage palatal closure at about 13 months of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/12-299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,11]],"date-time":"2013-09-11T10:25:32Z","timestamp":1378895132000},"page":"274-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Speech and Phonology in Swedish-Speaking 3-Year-Olds with Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate following Different Methods for Primary Palatal Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Kristina","family":"Klint\u00f6","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Otolaryngology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Lund, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Elander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, and Head, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anette","family":"Lohmander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/028443102753478318"},{"key":"bibr2-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-244"},{"key":"bibr3-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0269920021000047864"},{"key":"bibr4-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/099)"},{"key":"bibr5-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310701694522"},{"key":"bibr6-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.07.015"},{"key":"bibr7-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-037.1"},{"key":"bibr8-12-299","first-page":"413","volume-title":"Comprehensive Cleft Care.","author":"Friede H.","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr9-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-30770-6_18"},{"key":"bibr10-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/9780511807954","volume-title":"Handbook of the International Phonetic Association.","author":"International Phonetic Association.","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr11-12-299","first-page":"261","volume":"19","author":"Karling J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J."},{"key":"bibr12-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1999_036_0328_tirotp_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr13-12-299","author":"Klint\u00f6 K.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phonology in Swedish-Speaking 3-Year-Olds Born with Cleft Lip and Palate and the Relationship with Consonant Production at 18 Months."},{"key":"bibr14-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.3109\/13682822.2010.507615","volume":"46","author":"Klint\u00f6 K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Lang Commun Disord."},{"key":"bibr15-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699200802688596"},{"key":"bibr16-12-299","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Cleft Lip and Palate.","volume":"2","author":"Lilja J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr17-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118785065.ch4"},{"key":"bibr18-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310600973621"},{"key":"bibr19-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/11-085"},{"key":"bibr20-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/02-136"},{"key":"bibr21-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09-105"},{"key":"bibr22-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-123.1"},{"key":"bibr23-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/08-039.1"},{"key":"bibr24-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.4602.197"},{"key":"bibr25-12-299","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Cleft Palate Speech.","author":"McWilliams B.J.","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr26-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2003_040_0460_ppalso_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr27-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/08-222.1"},{"key":"bibr28-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2002_039_0397_soiicp_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr29-12-299","author":"Persson C.","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Scandcleft randomized trials: hypernasality in 5-year-olds with UCPL."},{"key":"bibr30-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(96)80013-2"},{"key":"bibr31-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2002_039_0383_acotmo_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr32-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1991_028_0141_sftaos_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr33-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200404000-00007"},{"key":"bibr34-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.02.010"},{"key":"bibr35-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820400016522"},{"key":"bibr36-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820802196815"},{"key":"bibr37-12-299","author":"Semb G.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate."},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr38-12-299","first-page":"32","volume":"2","author":"Sommerlad B.C.","year":"2006","journal-title":"B-ENT."},{"key":"bibr39-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(05)80190-8"},{"key":"bibr40-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjps.2000.3599"},{"key":"bibr41-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198904000-00003"},{"key":"bibr42-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.01.020"},{"key":"bibr43-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09-120"},{"key":"bibr44-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/05-028.1"},{"key":"bibr45-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)03748-4"},{"key":"bibr46-12-299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-4222(91)90031-M"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1597\/12-299","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1597\/12-299","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1597\/12-299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:17:54Z","timestamp":1777393074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1597\/12-299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1597\/12-299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1597\/12-299","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}}}