{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:17:09Z","timestamp":1777522629242,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with cleft lip and palate or cleft palate only have a high incidence of conductive hearing loss from otitis media with effusion. Studies demonstrating longitudinal results are lacking. This study was undertaken to investigate long-term longitudinal hearing outcomes of children with cleft lip and\/or cleft palate and cleft palate only.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical charts of patients born with cleft lip and palate or cleft palate only in 1985 to 1994 who were referred to the cleft team in Bergen, Norway. Study findings include 15 years of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study population consisted of 317 children of whom 159 had nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate and 158 had nonsyndromic cleft palate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pure tone average calculated from pure tone audiometry at ages 4, 6, and 15 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median pure tone average significantly improved with increasing age. For the cleft lip and palate group, the median pure tone average at ages 4, 6, and 15 years was 16 dB hearing level (HL), 13 dB HL, and 9 dB HL, respectively ( P \u2264 .001). In the cleft palate group the median pure tone average at ages 4, 6, and 15 years was 15 dB HL, 12 dB HL, and 9 dB HL, respectively ( P \u2264 .001). There was no significant difference in the hearing levels between the two groups. Patients who had surgical closure of the palate at age 18 months had a significantly better pure tone average outcome at age 15 compared with patients who had surgery at 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hearing improves significantly from childhood to adolescence in patients with cleft lip and palate and cleft palate only.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/13-009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]],"date-time":"2014-05-07T18:13:47Z","timestamp":1399486427000},"page":"23-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Hearing Outcomes in Patients with Cleft Lip\/Palate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Hildur","family":"Skuladottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, and PhD candidate, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ase","family":"Sivertsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, and Postdoctoral researcher, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorg","family":"Assmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asa Rommetveit","family":"Remme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Dahlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haukeland University Hospital;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hallvard","family":"Vindenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1412"},{"key":"bibr2-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/10-009"},{"key":"bibr3-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199203000-00004"},{"key":"bibr4-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197207000-00011"},{"key":"bibr5-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947508400308"},{"key":"bibr6-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1996_033_0127_cothho_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr7-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001801.pub3"},{"key":"bibr8-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2013.06.021"},{"key":"bibr9-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-244"},{"key":"bibr10-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318180a4e0"},{"key":"bibr11-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688808101209"},{"key":"bibr12-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2933"},{"key":"bibr13-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23839"},{"key":"bibr14-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.07.015"},{"key":"bibr15-13-009","volume-title":"Inheritance of Harelip and Cleft Palate.","author":"Fogh-Andersen P.","year":"1942"},{"key":"bibr16-13-009","volume-title":"The Scientific Knowledge Base for Treatment of Patients With Cleft Lip, Alveolus and Palate.","author":"Forsetlund L.","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr17-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/548698"},{"key":"bibr18-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486009123186"},{"key":"bibr19-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(88)90066-3"},{"key":"bibr20-13-009","first-page":"213","volume":"67","author":"Graham M.D.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol."},{"key":"bibr21-13-009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.63.2.176"},{"key":"bibr22-13-009","unstructured":"GutzmannA. 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