{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:29:25Z","timestamp":1791502165163,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]],"date-time":"2018-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) on long-term nasal symmetry and shaping after primary cheiloplasty in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip\/palate (UCL\/P).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a two-group, parallel, retrospective, randomized clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The setting for this study was the Chang Gung Craniofacial Center in Taoyuan, Taiwan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients were divided into one of the following two groups: infants with UCL\/P who underwent PNAM (PNAM group, n = 42) and infants with UCL\/P who did not undergo PNAM (non-PNAM group, n = 42).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interventions included PNAM and primary cheiloplasty without nasal cartilage dissection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 4- to 5-year postoperative full-face and submental oblique photographs were taken of all patients and scored from 1 to 5 points by 10 medical evaluators. The scores were statistically analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance, and P &lt; .05 was considered to represent statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 1 to 3 months of PNAM but before primary cheiloplasty, the displaced nasal and alveolar cartilage showed obvious improvement. However, the scores in the PNAM and non-PNAM groups at 4 to 5 years postoperatively were 66.62 \u00b1 14.25 and 66.31 \u00b1 15.08, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( F = 0.009, P = .923).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PNAM as an early-stage adjunctive therapy for nasal deformity correction is beneficial before primary cheiloplasty, but it is insufficient to maintain long-term nostril symmetry after primary cheiloplasty without nasal cartilage dissection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/14-296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T12:37:14Z","timestamp":1484311034000},"page":"935-940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Effect of Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding on Nasal Symmetry in Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip\/Palate Patients after Primary Cheiloplasty without Concomitant Nasal Cartilage Dissection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip K.T.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cangshang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31825dc10a"},{"key":"bibr2-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318199f46e"},{"key":"bibr3-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181ec21e4"},{"key":"bibr4-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/11-007"},{"key":"bibr5-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1999_036_0486_pnmiiw_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr6-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181be88cf"},{"key":"bibr7-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000133027.04252.7A"},{"key":"bibr8-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1999_036_0391_lteonm_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr9-14-296","first-page":"e55","volume":"10","author":"Mishra B.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"key":"bibr10-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2007.04.010"},{"key":"bibr11-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/04-126.1"},{"key":"bibr12-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/02-141.1"},{"key":"bibr13-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318267d4a5"},{"key":"bibr14-14-296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199904020-00002"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1597\/14-296","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1597\/14-296","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1597\/14-296","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:19:06Z","timestamp":1777393146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1597\/14-296"}},"subtitle":["Early Childhood Evaluation"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1597\/14-296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1597\/14-296","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,22]]}}}