{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T07:26:43Z","timestamp":1778138803487,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide national estimates of the number and cost of primary and revision cleft lip and palate surgeries in the U.S. and to determine patient and hospital characteristics associated with disproportionate use of revision surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cross-sectional study using data obtained from the 2003, 2006, and 2009 Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inpatient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with CL, CP, or CLP undergoing inpatient cleft lip and\/or palate surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inpatient cleft lip and\/or palate surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orofacial cleft surgery estimates, estimates of primary versus revision surgeries, and estimated inflation-adjusted hospitalization costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2009, there were a total of 2824 and 5431 hospitalizations for cleft lip and palate surgeries, respectively. Revision surgery accounted for 24.2% of cleft lip surgeries and 36.8% of cleft palate surgeries. Children with CLP (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.48-2.38), a syndromic diagnosis (OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16-1.87), or private insurance (OR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.41-2.09) were more likely to undergo cleft lip revision surgery. Similar risk factors were found for children undergoing cleft palate revision. Mean cost per hospitalization ranged from $7564 to $8393 in 2009, depending on surgery type, and did not change significantly (in 2009 U.S. $) between 2003 and 2009.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interventions to reduce revision surgery by improving results of primary surgery should be targeted in the population of identified high-risk (e.g., syndromic) patients. In addition, the association of health insurance status with revision surgery highlights the need to understand and address the impact of economic disparities on cleft care delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1597\/15-206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]],"date-time":"2016-01-11T11:15:07Z","timestamp":1452510907000},"page":"60-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["National Estimates of and Risk Factors for Inpatient Revision Surgeries for Orofacial Clefts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela C.","family":"Heaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina M.L.","family":"Kelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl H. Lindner College of Business, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Sitzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15-206","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Producing national HCUP estimates. Available at https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/tech_assist\/nationalestimates\/508_course\/508course.jsp. Accessed March 25, 2015."},{"key":"bibr2-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.07.026"},{"key":"bibr3-15-206","volume-title":"Parameters for evaluation and treatment of patients with cleft lip\/palate or other craniofacial anomalies.","author":"American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr4-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310802299676"},{"key":"bibr5-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182043af6"},{"key":"bibr6-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1013285"},{"key":"bibr7-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181ef2eed"},{"key":"bibr8-15-206","unstructured":"Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer price index. CPI databases. Available at http:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cpi\/data.htm. Accessed March 25, 2015."},{"key":"bibr9-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/02-074.1"},{"key":"bibr10-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31447"},{"key":"bibr11-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/08-154.1"},{"key":"bibr12-15-206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09-235"},{"key":"bibr13-15-206","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts about cleft lip and cleft palate. Available at http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/birthdefects\/CleftLip.html. 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