{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T21:01:44Z","timestamp":1785013304377,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":161,"publisher":"Begell House","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Rev Oncog"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<p>Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic, modular receptors engineered to redirect T cells and other immune cells to recognize pre-selected antigens in an MHC-independent manner. CARs consist of an extracellular antigen-binding domain-typically an antibody single-chain variable fragment (scFv), a hinge region, a transmembrane domain, and intracellular signaling components. The modular CAR design facilitates the engraftment of diverse non-scFv binding moieties for redirecting immune cells toward non-conventional antigens or replacement of signaling elements according to the immune cell type and the desired function. A unique class of such antigens are the T-cell receptors (TCRs) of CD8&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#43;&lt;\/sup&gt; T cells, expressed either by pathogenic T cells in transplantation and autoimmune diseases that need to be neutralized or, conversely, by antitumor T cells to be stimulated. The targeting of such TCRs is made possible by special CAR-like receptors, whose ectodomain comprises the antigenic epitopes recognized by the TCRs. In particular, expressing a chimeric MHC-I heavy chain or a membrane-attached form of the invariant &amp;beta;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;-microglobulin light chain by CD8&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#43;&lt;\/sup&gt; T cells or CD4&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#43;&lt;\/sup&gt; regulatory T cells can be used to target alloreactive CD8&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#43;&lt;\/sup&gt; T cells. Genetically linking a self-peptide to the N-terminus of either chain redirects these receptors to recognize pathogenic autoreactive CD8&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#43;&lt;\/sup&gt; T cell clones, whereas a tumor-associated peptide turns them into the targeting unit of cell-based cancer vaccines when expressed by antigen-presenting cells with an appropriate endodomain. Here I describe the design of chimeric MHC-I receptors for these diverse applications, review preclinical studies examining their function and discuss their therapeutic potential.<\/p>","DOI":"10.1615\/critrevoncog.2026063496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T20:27:46Z","timestamp":1772656066000},"page":"5-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Review Article: Chimeric MHC Class I Receptors for Diverse Clinical Applications"],"prefix":"10.1615","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Gideon","family":"Gross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"613","reference":[{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bridgeman JS, Hawkins RE, Hombach AA, Abken H, Gilham DE. Building better chimeric antigen receptors for adoptive T cell therapy. 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