{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T12:33:31Z","timestamp":1767184411671,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004629","name":"Ministry for Business Innovation and Employment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004629","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008414","name":"University of Canterbury","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mater Struct"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-025-02851-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T15:47:54Z","timestamp":1762271274000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of alternative supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and printing parameters on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed mortars"],"prefix":"10.1617","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5755-8879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"de la Flor Juncal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7385-7633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6724-3037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Clucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1834-8879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Loporcaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2851_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.istruc.2022.06.068","volume":"43","author":"GH Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed GH, Askandar NH, Jumaa GB (2022) A review of largescale 3DCP: material characteristics, mix design, printing process, and reinforcement strategies. Structures 43:508\u2013532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.istruc.2022.06.068","journal-title":"Structures"},{"key":"2851_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/17452759.2016.1209867","volume":"11","author":"F Bos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bos F, Wolfs R, Ahmed Z, Salet T (2016) Additive manufacturing of concrete in construction: potentials and challenges of 3D concrete printing. Virtual Phys Prototyp 11:209\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17452759.2016.1209867","journal-title":"Virtual Phys Prototyp"},{"key":"2851_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2022.106774","author":"G Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma G, Buswell R, da Leal Silva WR, Wang L, Xu J, Jones SZ (2022) Technology readiness: a global snapshot of 3D concrete printing and the frontiers for development. Cem Concr Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2022.106774","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104479","author":"M Nodehi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nodehi M, Aguayo F, Nodehi SE, Gholampour A, Ozbakkaloglu T, Gencel O (2022) Durability properties of 3D printed concrete (3DPC). Autom Constr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104479","journal-title":"Autom Constr"},{"key":"2851_CR5","unstructured":"RILEM, RILEM, Technical Committees, (n.d.). https:\/\/www.rilem.net\/activetcs (accessed November 5, 2024)."},{"key":"2851_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2021.106695","author":"M van den Heever","year":"2022","unstructured":"van den Heever M, du Plessis A, Kruger J, van Zijl G (2022) Evaluating the effects of porosity on the mechanical properties of extrusion-based 3D printed concrete. Cem Concr Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2021.106695","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2023.105104","author":"MK Mohan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mohan MK, Rahul AV, Van Stappen JF, Cnudde V, De Schutter G, Van Tittelboom K (2023) Assessment of pore structure characteristics and tortuosity of 3D printed concrete using mercury intrusion porosimetry and X-ray tomography. Cem Concr Compos. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2023.105104","journal-title":"Cem Concr Compos"},{"key":"2851_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-021-01632-x","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yang L, Liu G, Chen Y, Yu S, Du H (2021) Hardened properties and durability of large-scale 3D printed cement-based materials. Mater Struct. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-021-01632-x","journal-title":"Mater Struct"},{"key":"2851_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2023.105154","author":"T Ding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ding T, Xiao J, Mechtcherine V (2023) Microstructure and mechanical properties of interlayer regions in extrusion-based 3D printed concrete: a critical review. Cem Concr Compos. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2023.105154","journal-title":"Cem Concr Compos"},{"key":"2851_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2011.12.003","volume":"42","author":"TT Le","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TT, Austin SA, Lim S, Buswell RA, Law R, Gibb AGF, Thorpe T (2012) Hardened properties of high-performance printing concrete. Cem Concr Res 42:558\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2011.12.003","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2022.127496","author":"X Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang X, Yang W, Song F, Zou J (2022) Study on the mechanical properties of 3D printing concrete layers and the mechanism of influence of printing parameters. Constr Build Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2022.127496","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cscm.2023.e01949","author":"Z Pan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pan Z, Si D, Tao J, Xiao J (2023) Compressive behavior of 3D printed concrete with different printing paths and concrete ages. Case Stud Constr Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cscm.2023.e01949","journal-title":"Case Stud Constr Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addma.2020.101390","author":"L He","year":"2020","unstructured":"He L, Chow WT, Li H (2020) Effects of interlayer notch and shear stress on interlayer strength of 3D printed cement paste. Addit Manuf. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addma.2020.101390","journal-title":"Addit Manuf"},{"key":"2851_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2019.02.017","volume":"119","author":"RJM Wolfs","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wolfs RJM, Bos FP, Salet TAM (2019) Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: the influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion. Cem Concr Res 119:132\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2019.02.017","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2017.08.051","volume":"113","author":"B Panda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Panda B, Paul SC, Mohamed NAN, Tay YWD, Tan MJ (2018) Measurement of tensile bond strength of 3D printed geopolymer mortar. Measurement (Lond) 113:108\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.measurement.2017.08.051","journal-title":"Measurement (Lond)"},{"key":"2851_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4025\/actascitechnol.v39i1.29873","volume":"39","author":"AC dos Santos","year":"2017","unstructured":"dos Santos AC, de Arruda AM, da Silva TJ, P. de C.P. Vitor, L.M. Trautwein, (2017) Influ\u00eancia do agregado gra\u00fado no m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade do concreto. Acta Scientiarum \u2013 Technology 39:17\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4025\/actascitechnol.v39i1.29873","journal-title":"Acta Scientiarum \u2013 Technology"},{"key":"2851_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-021-01795-7","author":"CC Vu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vu CC, Weiss J, Pl\u00e9 O, Amitrano D (2021) The potential impact of size effects on compressive strength for the estimation of the Young\u2019s modulus of concrete. Mater Struct. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-021-01795-7","journal-title":"Mater Struct"},{"key":"2851_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11040477","author":"K Jurowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jurowski K, Grzeszczyk S (2018) Influence of selected factors on the relationship between the dynamic elastic modulus and compressive strength of concrete. Materials. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma11040477","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2851_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-021-01660-7","author":"B Zahabizadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zahabizadeh B, Pereira J, Gon\u00e7alves C, Pereira ENB, Cunha VMCF (2021) Influence of the printing direction and age on the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete. Mater Struct. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-021-01660-7","journal-title":"Mater Struct"},{"key":"2851_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsolstr.2021.111102","author":"YC Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu YC, Yang Q, Kong X, Zhi P, Xiao J (2021) Uncertainty quantification for the representative volume element of geometrically monoclinic 3D printed concrete. Int J Solids Struct. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsolstr.2021.111102","journal-title":"Int J Solids Struct"},{"key":"2851_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.132","volume":"93","author":"P Feng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feng P, Meng X, Chen JF, Ye L (2015) Mechanical properties of structures 3D printed with cementitious powders. Constr Build Mater 93:486\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.132","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.061","volume":"201","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhang Y, She W, Yang L, Liu G, Yang Y (2019) Rheological and harden properties of the high-thixotropy 3D printing concrete. Constr Build Mater 201:278\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.061","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addma.2021.101983","author":"L Fang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fang L, Yan Y, Agarwal O, Seppala JE, Migler KD, Nguyen TD, Kang SH (2021) Estimations of the effective Young\u2019s modulus of specimens prepared by fused filament fabrication. Addit Manuf. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addma.2021.101983","journal-title":"Addit Manuf"},{"key":"2851_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2022.106837","author":"RJ Flatt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Flatt RJ, Wangler T (2022) On sustainability and digital fabrication with concrete. Cem Concr Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2022.106837","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2021.106553","volume":"149","author":"Y Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Y, He S, Zhang Y, Wan Z, \u00c7opuro\u011flu O, Schlangen E (2021) 3D printing of calcined clay-limestone-based cementitious materials. Cem Concr Res 149:106553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2021.106553","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sobolev K, Kozhukhova M, Sideris K, Men\u00e9ndez E, Santhanam M (2018) Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials, in: N. De Belie, M. Soutsos, E. Gruyaert (Eds.), Properties of Fresh and Hardened Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM Technical Committee 238-SCM, Working Group 4, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 233\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-70606-1_7.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70606-1_7"},{"key":"2851_CR27","unstructured":"Mackechnie J (2021) Removing the barriers to the use of significant levels of SCMs in concrete production in New Zealand, 2021."},{"key":"2851_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings13020526","author":"AA Jhatial","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jhatial AA, Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1 I, Gjerl\u00f8w E (2023) A review on emerging cementitious materials, reactivity evaluation and treatment methods. Buildings. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/buildings13020526","journal-title":"Buildings"},{"key":"2851_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2017.08.017","volume":"114","author":"K Scrivener","year":"2018","unstructured":"Scrivener K, Martirena F, Bishnoi S, Maity S (2018) Calcined clay limestone cements (LC3). Cem Concr Res 114:49\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2017.08.017","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.125220","author":"C Florez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Florez C, Restrepo-Baena O, Tobon JI (2021) Effects of calcination and milling pre-treatments on natural zeolites as a supplementary cementitious material. Constr Build Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.125220","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2009.10.016","volume":"40","author":"B Uzal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uzal B, Turanl\u0131 L, Y\u00fccel H, G\u00f6nc\u00fco\u011flu MC, \u00c7ulfaz A (2010) Pozzolanic activity of clinoptilolite: a comparative study with silica fume, fly ash and a non-zeolitic natural pozzolan. Cem Concr Res 40:398\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2009.10.016","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2011.08.009","volume":"34","author":"B Uzal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Uzal B, Turanl\u0131 L (2012) Blended cements containing high volume of natural zeolites: properties, hydration and paste microstructure. Cem Concr Compos 34:101\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2011.08.009","journal-title":"Cem Concr Compos"},{"key":"2851_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-024-02451-6","author":"L de la Flor Juncal","year":"2024","unstructured":"de la Flor Juncal L, Loporcaro G, Scott A, Clucas D (2024) Influence of printing parameters on the durability of 3D-printed limestone calcined clay cement mortar: overlap between filaments and nozzle offset. Mater Struct. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-024-02451-6","journal-title":"Mater Struct"},{"key":"2851_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.14359\/51688830","volume":"113","author":"J Gudimettla","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gudimettla J, Crawford G (2016) Resistivity tests for concrete-recent field experience. ACI Mater J 113:505\u2013512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14359\/51688830","journal-title":"ACI Mater J"},{"key":"2851_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings12081190","author":"R Jayathilakage","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jayathilakage R, Rajeev P, Sanjayan J (2022) Rheometry for concrete 3D printing: a review and an experimental comparison. Buildings. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/buildings12081190","journal-title":"Buildings"},{"key":"2851_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2023.133602","author":"L Demont","year":"2023","unstructured":"Demont L, Mesnil R, Ducoulombier N, Caron JF (2023) Affordable inline structuration measurements of printable mortar with a pocket shear vane. Constr Build Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2023.133602","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR37","unstructured":"de la Flor Juncal L, Loporcaro G, Scott A, Clucas D, Exploring the use of zeolite, calcined clay and mussel shells powder in 3D concrete printing (3DCP) mixes, 2023."},{"key":"2851_CR38","unstructured":"Northcoat JW, Wemyss JM, De La L, Juncal F, Loporcaro G (2023) Exploring the feasibility of zeolite-modified blended cement for 3d concrete printing: a sustainable alternative for the concrete construction industry."},{"key":"2851_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM C192\/C192M, Standard practice for making and curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory 1, (n.d.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/C0192_C0192M-19.","DOI":"10.1520\/C0192_C0192M-19"},{"key":"2851_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM C109\/C109M, Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (Using 50 mm [2 in.] Cube Specimens) 1, (n.d.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/C0109_C0109M-23.","DOI":"10.1520\/C0109_C0109M-23"},{"key":"2851_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM C39\/C39M, Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens 1, (n.d.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/C0039_C0039M-24.","DOI":"10.1520\/C0039_C0039M-24"},{"key":"2851_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM C469, Standard test method for static modulus of elasticity and poisson\u2019s ratio of concrete in compression 1, (n.d.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/C0469_C0469M-22.","DOI":"10.1520\/C0469_C0469M-22"},{"key":"2851_CR43","unstructured":"ASTM C 496\u201396, standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens 1, n.d."},{"key":"2851_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.126155","author":"V Shah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shah V, Parashar A, Scott A (2022) Understanding the importance of carbonates on the performance of Portland metakaolin cement. Constr Build Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.126155","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR45","unstructured":"F. Alberto, Z. Sommariva, Limestone calcined clay cements (LC3): raw material processing, sulfate balance and hydration kinetics, n.d."},{"key":"2851_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2018.02.016","volume":"107","author":"F Avet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Avet F, Scrivener K (2018) Investigation of the calcined kaolinite content on the hydration of limestone calcined clay cement (LC3). Cem Concr Res 107:124\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2018.02.016","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR47","unstructured":"Bonavetti VL, Rahhal VF, Irassar EF Studies on the carboaluminate formation in limestone filler-blended cements, n.d."},{"key":"2851_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.123","volume":"222","author":"S Krishnan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krishnan S, Emmanuel AC, Bishnoi S (2019) Hydration and phase assemblage of ternary cements with calcined clay and limestone. Constr Build Mater 222:64\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.123","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2023.133766","author":"M Shekarchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shekarchi M, Ahmadi B, Azarhomayun F, Shafei B, Kioumarsi M (2023) Natural zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material \u2013 a holistic review of main properties and applications. Constr Build Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2023.133766","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2012.09.006","volume":"42","author":"M Antoni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Antoni M, Rossen J, Martirena F, Scrivener K (2012) Cement substitution by a combination of metakaolin and limestone. Cem Concr Res 42:1579\u20131589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2012.09.006","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2018.01.008","volume":"106","author":"M Zajac","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zajac M, Durdzinski P, Stabler C, Skocek J, Nied D, Ben Haha M (2018) Influence of calcium and magnesium carbonates on hydration kinetics, hydrate assemblage and microstructural development of metakaolin containing composite cements. Cem Concr Res 106:91\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2018.01.008","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cscm.2025.e04448","author":"L de la Flor Juncal","year":"2025","unstructured":"de la Flor Juncal L, Scott A, Clucas D, Loporcaro G (2025) Permeability and electrical resistivity of 3D-printed mortars using local materials (zeolite, calcined clay, and mussel shell powder), Aotearoa \u2013 New Zealand. Case Stud Constr Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cscm.2025.e04448","journal-title":"Case Stud Constr Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.130918","author":"R Bai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bai R, Zhang J, Yan C, Liu S, Wang X, Yang Z (2021) Calcium hydroxide content and hydration degree of cement in cementitious composites containing calcium silicate slag. Chemosphere. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.130918","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2851_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2022.127388","author":"Z Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Z, Chen Y, Xu L, Zhu Z, Zhou Y, Pan F, Wu K (2022) Insight into the local C-S-H structure and its evolution mechanism controlled by curing regime and Ca\/Si ratio. Constr Build Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2022.127388","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2851_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2020.106303","author":"D Suescum-Morales","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suescum-Morales D, R\u00edos JD, De La Concha AM, Cifuentes H, Jim\u00e9nez JR, Fern\u00e1ndez JM (2021) Effect of moderate temperatures on compressive strength of ultra-high-performance concrete: a microstructural analysis. Cem Concr Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2020.106303","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2021.106367","author":"J Higl","year":"2021","unstructured":"Higl J, Hinder D, Rathgeber C, Ramming B, Lind\u00e9n M (2021) Detailed in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy study of the early stages of C-S-H formation during hydration of monoclinic C3S. Cem Concr Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2021.106367","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(96)00148-2","volume":"26","author":"S Wild","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wild S, Khatib JM, Jones A (1996) Relative strength, pozzolanic activity and cement hydration in superplasticised metakaolin concrete. Cem Concr Res 26:1537\u20131544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0008-8846(96)00148-2","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2023.106672","author":"S Zengin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zengin S, Demirhan S, G\u00f6zkeser MY, Ba\u015faran E, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan A (2023) Monitoring consumption of calcium hydroxide via a new approach. Mater Today Commun. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2023.106672","journal-title":"Mater Today Commun"},{"key":"2851_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2298\/SOS1703247R","volume":"49","author":"D Radulovi\u0107","year":"2017","unstructured":"Radulovi\u0107 D, Terzi\u0107 A, Pezo L, Andri\u0107 L, Grigorova I (2017) The chemometric study of limestone physico-chemical properties and thermal behavior for application in construction composites. Sci Sintering 49:247\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2298\/SOS1703247R","journal-title":"Sci Sintering"},{"key":"2851_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-017-6107-9","volume":"128","author":"J Hu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu J (2017) Comparison between the effects of superfine steel slag and superfine phosphorus slag on the long-term performances and durability of concrete. J Therm Anal Calorim 128:1251\u20131263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10973-017-6107-9","journal-title":"J Therm Anal Calorim"},{"key":"2851_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2020.106307","author":"F Zunino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zunino F, Scrivener K (2021) The reaction between metakaolin and limestone and its effect in porosity refinement and mechanical properties. Cem Concr Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2020.106307","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2851_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings14010018","author":"SM Alexa-Stratulat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alexa-Stratulat SM, Olteanu I, Toma AM, Pastia C, Banu OM, Corbu OC, Toma IO (2024) The use of natural zeolites in cement-based construction materials\u2014a state of the art review. Coatings. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/coatings14010018","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"2851_CR63","unstructured":"Yehia S, Emam E (2017) Performance of concrete containing zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material, Int Res J Eng Technol. www.irjet.net."},{"key":"2851_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.21809\/rilemtechlett.2021.134","volume":"6","author":"A Parashar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Parashar A, Bishnoi S (2021) Hydration behaviour of limestone-calcined clay and limestone-slag blends in ternary cement. RILEM Tech Lett 6:17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21809\/rilemtechlett.2021.134","journal-title":"RILEM Tech Lett"},{"key":"2851_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8020075","author":"A Madadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Madadi A, Wei J (2022) Characterization of calcium silicate hydrate gels with different calcium to silica ratios and polymer modifications. Gels. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/gels8020075","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"2851_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2025.107918","author":"M Al Gribonval","year":"2025","unstructured":"Al Gribonval M, Pierre ND, Sab K, Mesnil R, Bleyer J (2025) Multi-physics modelling of 3D-printed concrete evolution in environmental conditions. Cement Concrete Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconres.2025.107918","journal-title":"Cement Concrete Res"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-025-02899-0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000}}],"container-title":["Materials and Structures"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02851-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02851-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02851-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T11:22:23Z","timestamp":1765538543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02851-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2851"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02851-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-5997","1871-6873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-5997","type":"print"},{"value":"1871-6873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 October 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":6,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":7,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02899-0","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02899-0","order":9,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"323"}}