{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:45:54Z","timestamp":1768970754502,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mater Struct"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-025-02912-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T19:52:48Z","timestamp":1766519568000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CO2-cured alkali-activated pervious paving blocks incorporating seashell sand"],"prefix":"10.1617","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"\u00c1gata","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ghandy","family":"Lamaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui Vasco","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"de Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0809-4959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonio Manuel","family":"Merino-Lechuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2912_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2020.107840","author":"R Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao R, Zhang S, Banthia N, Zhang Y, Zhang Z (2020) Interpreting the early-age reaction process of alkali-activated slag by using combined embedded ultrasonic measurement, thermal analysis, XRD, FTIR and SEM. Compos Part B Eng. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compositesb.2020.107840","journal-title":"Compos Part B Eng"},{"key":"2912_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.116982","volume":"230","author":"K Gijbels","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gijbels K, Krivenko P, Kovalchuk O, Pasko A, Schreurs S, Pontikes Y, Schroeyers W (2020) The influence of porosity on radon emanation in alkali-activated mortars containing high volume bauxite residue. Constr Build Mater 230:116982","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.144646","volume":"489","author":"P Gao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao P, Zha W, Chu Y, Yu Y, Zhan B, Yu Q, Xie F, Lu H (2025) Calculation model for CO2 emissions of blended cement production. J Clean Prod 489:144646","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"4","key":"2912_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1111\/jace.12831","volume":"97","author":"SA Bernal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bernal SA, Provis JL (2014) Durability of alkali-activated materials: progress and perspectives. J Am Ceram Soc 97(4):997\u20131008","journal-title":"J Am Ceram Soc"},{"key":"2912_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2015.04.013","volume":"78","author":"JL Provis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Provis JL, Palomo A, Shi CJ (2015) Advances in understanding alkali-activated materials. Cem Concr Res 78:110\u2013125","journal-title":"Cem Concr Res"},{"key":"2912_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.120320","volume":"265","author":"MR Ahmad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmad MR, Chen B, Shah SFA (2020) Influence of different admixtures on the mechanical and durability properties of one-part alkali-activated mortars. Constr Build Mater 265:120320","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.121857","volume":"270","author":"M Amran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amran M, Debbarma S, Ozbakkaloglu T (2021) Fly ash-based eco-friendly geopolymer concrete: a critical review of the long-term durability properties. Constr Build Mater 270:121857","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"issue":"21","key":"2912_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.07.190","volume":"47","author":"Q Fu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fu Q, Xu W, Zhao X, Bu M, Yuan Q, Niu D (2021) The microstructure and durability of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete: a review. Ceram Int 47(21):29550\u201329566","journal-title":"Ceram Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2912_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-021-02085-0","volume":"23","author":"S Parathi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Parathi S, Nagarajan P, Pallikkara SA (2021) Ecofriendly geopolymer concrete: a comprehensive review. Clean Technol Environ Policy 23(6):1701\u20131713","journal-title":"Clean Technol Environ Policy"},{"key":"2912_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.133533","author":"D Suescum-Morales","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suescum-Morales D, Silva RV, Bravo M, Jim\u00e9nez JR, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez JM, de Brito J (2022) Effect of incorporating municipal solid waste incinerated bottom ash in alkali-activated fly ash concrete subjected to accelerated CO\u2082 curing. J Clean Prod. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.133533","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"2912_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123312","volume":"291","author":"R Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun R, Fang C, Zhang H, Ling Y, Feng J, Qi H, Ge Z (2021) Chemo-mechanical properties of alkali-activated slag\/fly ash paste incorporating white mud. Constr Build Mater 291:123312","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"2912_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10706-013-9725-4","volume":"32","author":"JF Cadierno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cadierno JF, Romero MIG, Vald\u00e9s AJ, del Pozo JMM, Gonz\u00e1lez JG, Robles DR, Espinosa JV (2014) Characterization of colliery spoils in Le\u00f3n: potential uses in rural infrastructures. Geotech Geol Eng 32(2):439\u2013452","journal-title":"Geotech Geol Eng"},{"key":"2912_CR13","unstructured":"Thomas M, Kettle R, Morton J (1989) Expansion of cement-stabilized minestone due to the oxidation of pyrite. Transp Res Rec (1219)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2912_CR14","first-page":"345","volume":"1","author":"W Gutt","year":"1976","unstructured":"Gutt W, Smith M (1976) Aspects of waste materials and their potential for use in concrete. Resour Recov Conserv 1(4):345\u2013367","journal-title":"Resour Recov Conserv"},{"issue":"2","key":"2912_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0956-053X(95)00008-N","volume":"15","author":"KM Skar\u017cy\u0144ska","year":"1995","unstructured":"Skar\u017cy\u0144ska KM (1995) Reuse of coal mining wastes in civil engineering\u2014Part 2: utilization of minestone. Waste Manag 15(2):83\u2013126","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"2912_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.116910","volume":"229","author":"D Suescum-Morales","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suescum-Morales D, Romero-Esquinas \u00c1, Fern\u00e1ndez-Ledesma E, Fern\u00e1ndez JM, Jim\u00e9nez JR (2019) Feasible use of colliery spoils as subbase layer for low-traffic roads. Constr Build Mater 229:116910","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"issue":"8","key":"2912_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s12613-020-2129-6","volume":"27","author":"J Kiventer\u00e4","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kiventer\u00e4 J, Perumal P, Yliniemi J, Illikainen M (2020) Mine tailings as a raw material in alkali activation: a review. Int J Miner Metall Mater 27(8):1009\u20131020","journal-title":"Int J Miner Metall Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2025.112525","volume":"270","author":"J Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao J, Lu J, Ge J, Fan Y, Wang H, Gu M, Xue Y, Zhao Y, Lv G, Lin H, Zhao K, Luo X (2025) Influences of permeable pavements with different hydraulic properties on evaporative cooling and outdoor thermal environment: field experiments. Build Environ 270:112525","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"2912_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.178649","volume":"966","author":"J Kong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kong J, Jeong S, Lee J, Jeong S (2025) Permeable pavement blocks as a sustainable solution for managing microplastic pollution in urban stormwater. Sci Total Environ 966:178649","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"3","key":"2912_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s41062-025-01882-6","volume":"10","author":"T Rahman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rahman T, Tajudin AN, Wulaningtyas AH, Andika N, Irawan MZ, Widyatmoko I (2025) Recent developments in mitigating clogging in permeable pavements: a state-of-the-art review. Innov Infrastruct Solut 10(3):80","journal-title":"Innov Infrastruct Solut"},{"key":"2912_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16051923","author":"G Lamaa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lamaa G, Suescum-Morales D, Duarte APC, Silva RV, de Brito J (2023) Optimising the performance of CO\u2082-cured alkali-activated aluminosilicate industrial by-products as precursors. Materials. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma16051923","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2912_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12031662","author":"D Kassim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kassim D, Lamaa G, Silva RV, de Brito J (2022) Performance enhancement of alkali-activated electric arc furnace slag mortars through an accelerated CO\u2082 curing process. Appl Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app12031662","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2912_CR23","first-page":"353","volume":"4","author":"G Lamaa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lamaa G, Kassim D, Silva BA, Duarte APC, d. Brito J, Silva RV (2024) Utilization of aluminosilicate industrial wastes as precursors in CO\u2082-cured alkali-activated precast concrete pavement blocks. Constr Mater 4(2):353\u2013381","journal-title":"Constr Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16083086","author":"G Lamaa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lamaa G, Duarte APC, Silva RV, de Brito J (2023) Carbonation of alkali-activated materials: a review. Materials. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma16083086","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2912_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2024.138458","volume":"449","author":"AM Merino-Lechuga","year":"2024","unstructured":"Merino-Lechuga AM, Lamaa G, Silva RV, de Brito J, Jim\u00e9nez JR, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez JM, Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro \u00c1 (2024) Accelerated carbonation of alkali-activated vibro-compacted pervious concrete paving blocks. Constr Build Mater 449:138458","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.096","volume":"192","author":"UG Eziefula","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eziefula UG, Ezeh JC, Eziefula BI (2018) Properties of seashell aggregate concrete: a review. Constr Build Mater 192:287\u2013300","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17184665","author":"\u00c1 Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro \u00c1, Merino-Lechuga AM, Fern\u00e1ndez-Ledesma E, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez JM, Jim\u00e9nez JR, Suescum-Morales D (2024) Use of milled acanthocardia tuberculate seashell as fine aggregate in self-compacting mortars. Materials. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma17184665","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2912_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.009","volume":"162","author":"KH Mo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mo KH, Alengaram UJ, Jumaat MZ, Lee SC, Goh WI, Yuen CW (2018) Recycling of seashell waste in concrete: a review. Constr Build Mater 162:751\u2013764","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"2912_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0956-053X(95)00004-J","volume":"15","author":"KM Skar\u017cy\u0144ska","year":"1995","unstructured":"Skar\u017cy\u0144ska KM (1995) Reuse of coal mining wastes in civil engineering \u2014 Part 1: properties of minestone. Waste Manage 15(1):3\u201342","journal-title":"Waste Manage"},{"key":"2912_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16082995","author":"AM Merino-Lechuga","year":"2023","unstructured":"Merino-Lechuga AM, Gonzalez-Caro A, Fernandez-Ledesma E, Jimenez JR, Fernandez-Rodriguez JM, Suescum-Morales D (2023) Accelerated carbonation of vibro-compacted porous concrete for eco-friendly precast elements. Materials. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma16082995","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2912_CR31","unstructured":"EN-1338 (2003) Concrete paving blocks\u2014requirements and test methods. European Committee for Standardization, Comit\u00e9 Europ\u00e9en de Normalisation (CEN), Brussels, Belgium, p 76"},{"key":"2912_CR32","unstructured":"UNE-83980 (2014) Concrete durability: test methods: determination of the water absorption, density and accessible porosity for water in concrete"},{"key":"2912_CR33","unstructured":"ASTM C1701\/C1701M-17a (2023) Standard test method for infiltration rate of in place pervious concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken"},{"issue":"4","key":"2912_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16041734","volume":"16","author":"\u00c1 Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro \u00c1, Merino-Lechuga AM, Fern\u00e1ndez-Ledesma E, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez JM, Jim\u00e9nez JR, Suescum-Morales D (2023) The effect of acanthocardia tuberculata shell powder as filler on the performance of self-compacting mortar. Mater 16(4):1734","journal-title":"Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2023.131036","volume":"376","author":"HM Hamada","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamada HM, Abed F, Tayeh B, Al Jawahery MS, Majdi A, Yousif ST (2023) Effect of recycled seashells on concrete properties: a comprehensive review of the recent studies. Constr Build Mater 376:131036","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2012.06.032","volume":"111","author":"P Lertwattanaruk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lertwattanaruk P, Makul N, Siripattarapravat C (2012) Utilization of ground waste seashells in cement mortars for masonry and plastering. J Environ Manag 111:133\u2013141","journal-title":"J Environ Manag"},{"key":"2912_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.12.023","volume":"91","author":"G Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li G, Xu X, Chen E, Fan J, Xiong G (2015) Properties of cement-based bricks with oyster-shells ash. J Clean Prod 91:279\u2013287","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"2912_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2015.11.127","volume":"125","author":"M Olivia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Olivia M, Mifshella AA, Darmayanti L (2015) Mechanical properties of seashell concrete. Procedia Eng 125:760\u2013764","journal-title":"Procedia Eng"},{"key":"2912_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-6031(95)02748-3","volume":"277","author":"J Peri\u0107","year":"1996","unstructured":"Peri\u0107 J, Vu\u010dak M, Krstulovi\u0107 R, Bre\u010devi\u0107 L, Kralj D (1996) Phase transformation of calcium carbonate polymorphs. Thermochim Acta 277:175\u2013186","journal-title":"Thermochim Acta"},{"key":"2912_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2022.121132","volume":"611","author":"RR Chaudhari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaudhari RR, Bhongale CJ (2022) Simultaneous TG-FTIR analyses on molluscan shells: characterization and thermal stability of organic-inorganic components. Chem Geol 611:121132","journal-title":"Chem Geol"},{"key":"2912_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.091","volume":"139","author":"C Mart\u00ednez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Garc\u00eda C, Gonz\u00e1lez-Fonteboa B, Mart\u00ednez-Abella F, Carro-L\u00f3pez D (2017) Performance of mussel shell as aggregate in plain concrete. Constr Build Mater 139:570\u2013583","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2021.110877","volume":"162","author":"J Cangiotti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cangiotti J, Scatto M, Araya-Hermosilla E, Micheletti C, Crivellari D, Balloni A, Pucci A, Benedetti A (2022) Valorization of seashell waste in polypropylene composites: an accessible solution to overcome marine landfilling. Eur Polym J 162:110877","journal-title":"Eur Polym J"},{"key":"2912_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clema.2022.100143","volume":"6","author":"DK Nayak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nayak DK, Abhilash PP, Singh R, Kumar R, Kumar V (2022) Fly ash for sustainable construction: a review of fly ash concrete and its beneficial use case studies. Clean Mater 6:100143","journal-title":"Clean Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2018.08.010","volume":"95","author":"M Palacios","year":"2019","unstructured":"Palacios M, Alonso MM, Varga C, Puertas F (2019) Influence of the alkaline solution and temperature on the rheology and reactivity of alkali-activated fly ash pastes. Cem Concr Compos 95:277\u2013284","journal-title":"Cem Concr Compos"},{"issue":"2","key":"2912_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S1674-4799(09)60041-8","volume":"16","author":"S Rukzon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rukzon S, Chindaprasirt P, Mahachai R (2009) Effect of grinding on chemical and physical properties of rice husk ash. Int J Miner Metall Mater 16(2):242\u2013247","journal-title":"Int J Miner Metall Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"2912_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1007\/s11705-015-1518-2","volume":"9","author":"X Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun X, Sun Y, Yu J (2015) Leaching of aluminum from coal spoil by mechanothermal activation. Front Chem Sci Eng 9(2):216\u2013223","journal-title":"Front Chem Sci Eng"},{"key":"2912_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2016.09.001","volume":"107","author":"Y Taha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Taha Y, Benzaazoua M, Hakkou R, Mansori M (2017) Coal mine wastes recycling for coal recovery and eco-friendly bricks production. Miner Eng 107:123\u2013138","journal-title":"Miner Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"2912_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16062436","volume":"16","author":"D Suescum-Morales","year":"2023","unstructured":"Suescum-Morales D, Fern\u00e1ndez-Ledesma E, Gonz\u00e1lez-Caro \u00c1, Merino-Lechuga AM, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez JM, Jim\u00e9nez JR (2023) Carbon emission evaluation of CO2 curing in vibro-compacted precast concrete made with recycled aggregates. Materials 16(6):2436","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2912_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.04.034","volume":"189","author":"A Bagheri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bagheri A, Nazari A, Hajimohammadi A, Sanjayan JG, Rajeev P, Nikzad M, Ngo T, Mendis P (2018) Microstructural study of environmentally friendly boroaluminosilicate geopolymers. J Clean Prod 189:805\u2013812","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"1","key":"2912_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41062-020-0279-z","volume":"5","author":"SR Kuun Reddy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuun Reddy SR, Bala Murugan S (2020) Experimental and microstructural assessment of ternary blended geopolymer concrete with different Na\u2082SiO\u2083-to-NaOH volume ratios. Innov Infrastruct Solut 5(1):33","journal-title":"Innov Infrastruct Solut"},{"key":"2912_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.117294","volume":"233","author":"SK Nath","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nath SK, Kumar S (2020) Role of particle fineness on engineering properties and microstructure of fly ash derived geopolymer. Constr Build Mater 233:117294","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/min13070910","author":"J Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao J, Wang Y (2023) Microstructure evaluation of fly ash geopolymers alkali-activated by binary composite activators. Minerals. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/min13070910","journal-title":"Minerals"},{"key":"2912_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.219","volume":"135","author":"DH Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen DH, Boutouil M, Sebaibi N, Baraud F, Leleyter L (2017) Durability of pervious concrete using crushed seashells. Constr Build Mater 135:137\u2013150","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.009","volume":"78","author":"B Safi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Safi B, Saidi M, Daoui A, Bellal A, Mechekak A, Toumi K (2015) The use of seashells as a fine aggregate (by sand substitution) in self-compacting mortar (SCM). Constr Build Mater 78:430\u2013438","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"2912_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.02.122","volume":"220","author":"J Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang J, Liu E, Li L (2019) Characterization on the recycling of waste seashells with Portland cement towards sustainable cementitious materials. J Clean Prod 220:235\u2013252","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"2","key":"2912_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su17020592","volume":"17","author":"ALd Silva","year":"2025","unstructured":"Silva ALd, Kohlman Rabbani ER, Shakouri M (2025) Seashell powder as a sustainable alternative in cement-based materials: a systematic literature review. Sustainability 17(2):592","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2912_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2023.106336","volume":"70","author":"M-Y Xuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xuan M-Y, Cho H-K, Wang X-Y (2023) Performance improvement of waste oyster-shell powder\u2014cement binary system via carbonation curing. J Build Eng 70:106336","journal-title":"J Build Eng"},{"key":"2912_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.017","volume":"49","author":"DH Nguyen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nguyen DH, Boutouil M, Sebaibi N, Leleyter L, Baraud F (2013) Valorization of seashell by-products in pervious concrete pavers. Constr Build Mater 49:151\u2013160","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"}],"container-title":["Materials and Structures"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02912-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02912-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02912-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T16:02:39Z","timestamp":1768924959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02912-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1617\/s11527-025-02912-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-5997","1871-6873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-5997","type":"print"},{"value":"1871-6873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 December 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"23"}}