{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T16:07:51Z","timestamp":1778256471691,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Tohoku University Medical Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tohoku J. Exp. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.2023.j066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T22:16:04Z","timestamp":1691619364000},"page":"139-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Risk Analysis of Breast Cancer by Using Bilateral Mammographic Density Differences: A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1620","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"Zhang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Biomedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smart-Aging Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University"},{"name":"Department of General Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Sendai College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Imaging and Informatics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yumi","family":"Takane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Technology Department, Tohoku University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Yanagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Ichiji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Imaging and Informatics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuaki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Detection Center, Miyagi Cancer Society"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Yanagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Ebata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Miyashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyasu","family":"Homma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Biomedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University"},{"name":"Department of Radiological Imaging and Informatics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"622","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amir, E., Freedman, O.C., Seruga, B. &amp; Evans, D.G. (2010)  Assessing women at high risk of breast cancer: a review of risk assessment models.  <i>J. Natl. Cancer Inst.<\/i>, 102, 680-691.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djq088"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barlow, W.E., White, E., Ballard-Barbash, R., Vacek, P.M., Titus-Ernstoff, L., Carney, P.A., Tice, J.A., Buist, D.S.M., Geller, B.M., Rosenberg, R., Yankaskas, B.C. &amp; Kerlikowske, K. (2006)  Prospective breast cancer risk prediction model for women undergoing screening mammography.  <i>J. Natl. Cancer Inst.<\/i>, 98, 1204-1214.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj331"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blanks, R.G., Wallis, M.G. &amp; Given-Wilson, R.M. (1999)  Observer variability in cancer detection during routine repeat (incident)  mammographic screening in a study of two versus one view mammography.  <i>J. Med. Screen.<\/i>, 6, 152-158.","DOI":"10.1136\/jms.6.3.152"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brenner, R.J. (2001)  Asymmetric densities of the breast: strategies for imaging evaluation.  <i>Semin. Roentgenol.<\/i>, 36, 201-216.","DOI":"10.1053\/sroe.2001.25118"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byng, J.W., Yaffe, M.J., Jong, R.A., Shumak, R.S., Lockwood, G.A., Tritchler, D.L. &amp; Boyd, N.F. (1998)  Analysis of mammographic density and breast cancer risk from digitized mammograms.  <i>Radiographics<\/i>, 18, 1587-1598.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.18.6.9821201"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"De Paredes, E.S. (2007)  <i>Atlas of Mammography<\/i>, 3rd ed., Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA."},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fieselmann, A., Fornvik, D., Fornvik, H., Lang, K., Sartor, H., Zackrisson, S., Kappler, S., Ritschl, L. &amp; Mertelmeier, T. (2019)  Volumetric breast density measurement for personalized screening: accuracy, reproducibility, consistency, and agreement with visual assessment.  <i>J. Med. Imaging <\/i>(<i>Bellingham<\/i>), 6, 031406.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2315069"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fischmann, A., Siegmann, K.C., Wersebe, A., Claussen, C.D. &amp; Muller-Schimpfle, M. (2005)  Comparison of full-field digital mammography and film-screen mammography: image quality and lesion detection.  <i>Br. J. Radiol.<\/i>, 78, 312-315.","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/33317317"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gail, M.H., Brinton, L.A., Byar, D.P., Corle, D.K., Green, S.B., Schairer, C. &amp; Mulvihill, J.J. (1989)  Projecting individualized probabilities of developing breast cancer for white females who are being examined annually.  <i>J. Natl. Cancer Inst.<\/i>, 81, 1879-1886.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/81.24.1879"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hori, M., Matsuda, T., Shibata, A., Katanoda, K., Sobue, T. &amp;Nishimoto, H.;  Japan Cancer Surveillance Research Group  (2015)  Cancer incidence and incidence rates in Japan in 2009: a study of 32 population-based cancer registries for the Monitoring of Cancer Incidence in Japan (MCIJ)  project.  <i>Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol.<\/i>, 45, 884-891.","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyv088"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeffers, A.M., Sieh, W., Lipson, J.A., Rothstein, J.H., McGuire, V., Whittemore, A.S. &amp; Rubin, D.L. (2017)  Breast cancer risk and mammographic density assessed with semiautomated and fully automated methods and BI-RADS.  <i>Radiology<\/i>, 282, 348-355.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016152062"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kashyap, D., Pal, D., Sharma, R., Garg, V.K., Goel, N., Koundal, D., Zaguia, A., Koundal, S. &amp; Belay, A. (2022)  Global increase in breast cancer incidence: risk factors and preventive measures.  <i>Biomed Res. Int.<\/i>, 2022, 9605439.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9605439"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keller, B.M., Nathan, D.L., Wang, Y., Zheng, Y., Gee, J.C., Conant, E.F. &amp; Kontos, D. (2012)  Estimation of breast percent density in raw and processed full field digital mammography images via adaptive fuzzy c-means clustering and support vector machine segmentation.  <i>Med. Phys.<\/i>, 39, 4903-4917.","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4736530"},{"key":"14","unstructured":"Kopans, D.B. (2007)  Suspicious Lesions and Lesions with a High Probability of Malignancy. In <i>Breast Imaging<\/i>, 3rd ed., Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, pp.  513-553."},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kopans, D.B., Swann, C.A., White, G., McCarthy, K.A., Hall, D.A., Belmonte, S.J. &amp; Gallagher, W. (1989)  Asymmetric breast tissue.  <i>Radiology<\/i>, 171, 639-643.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.171.3.2541463"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwok, S.M., Chandrasekhar, R., Attikiouzel, Y. &amp; Rickard, M.T. (2004)  Automatic pectoral muscle segmentation on mediolateral oblique view mammograms.  <i>IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging<\/i>, 23, 1129-1140.","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2004.830529"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, A., Mavaddat, N., Wilcox, A.N., Cunningham, A.P., Carver, T., Hartley, S., Babb de Villiers, C., Izquierdo, A., Simard, J., Schmidt, M.K., Walter, F.M., Chatterjee, N., Garcia-Closas, M., Tischkowitz, M., Pharoah, P., et al.  (2019)  BOADICEA: a comprehensive breast cancer risk prediction model incorporating genetic and nongenetic risk factors.  <i>Genet. Med.<\/i>, 21, 1708-1718.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-018-0406-9"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manning, J.T., Scutt, D., Whitehouse, G.H. &amp; Leinster, S.J. (1997)  Breast asymmetry and phenotypic quality in women. <i>Evol. Hum. Behav.<\/i>, 18, 223-236.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3095(97)00002-0"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manning, J.T., Scutt, D., Whitehouse, G.H., Leinster, S.J. &amp; Walton, J.M. (1996)  Asymmetry and the menstrual cycle in women.  <i>Ethol. Sociobiol.<\/i>, 17, 129-143.","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(96)00001-5"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin, K.E., Helvie, M.A., Zhou, C., Roubidoux, M.A., Bailey, J.E., Paramagul, C., Blane, C.E., Klein, K.A., Sonnad, S.S. &amp; Chan, H.P. (2006)  Mammographic density measured with quantitative computer-aided method: comparison with radiologists\u2019 estimates and BI-RADS categories.  <i>Radiology<\/i>, 240, 656-665.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2402041947"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCormack, V.A. &amp; dos Santos Silva, I. (2006)  Breast density and parenchymal patterns as markers of breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis.  <i>Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.<\/i>, 15, 1159-1169.","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0034"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"McGuire, W.L., Carbone, P.P. &amp; Vollmer, E.P. (1975)  <i>Estrogen Receptors in Human Breast Cancer<\/i>, Raven Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKnight,P.E. &amp; Najab, J. (2010)  Mann\u2010Whitney U Test.  In <i>The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology<\/i>, edited by Weiner I.B. &amp; Craighead W.E., John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, pp.  960-961.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470479216.corpsy0524"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohamed, A.A., Luo, Y., Peng, H., Jankowitz, R.C. &amp; Wu, S. (2018)  Understanding clinical mammographic breast density assessment: a deep learning perspective.  <i>J. Digit. Imaging<\/i>, 31, 387-392.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-017-0022-2"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nayeem, F., Ju, H., Brunder, D.G., Nagamani, M., Anderson, K.E., Khamapirad, T. &amp; Lu, L.J. (2014)  Similarity of fibroglandular breast tissue content measured from magnetic resonance and mammographic images and by a mathematical algorithm.  <i>Int. J. Breast Cancer<\/i>, 2014, 961679.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/961679"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicholson, B.T., LoRusso, A.P., Smolkin, M., Bovbjerg, V.E., Petroni, G.R. &amp; Harvey, J.A. (2006)  Accuracy of assigned BI-RADS breast density category definitions.  <i>Acad. Radiol.<\/i>, 13, 1143-1149.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2006.06.005"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otsu, N. (1979)  A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. <i>IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern.<\/i>, 9, 62-66.","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenberg, R.D., Hunt, W.C., Williamson, M.R., Gilliland, F.D., Wiest, P.W., Kelsey, C.A., Key, C.R. &amp; Linver, M.N. (1998)  Effects of age, breast density, ethnicity, and estrogen replacement therapy on screening mammographic sensitivity and cancer stage at diagnosis: review of 183,134 screening mammograms in Albuquerque, New Mexico.  <i>Radiology<\/i>, 209, 511-518.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.209.2.9807581"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samardar, P., de Paredes, E.S., Grimes, M.M. &amp; Wilson, J.D. (2002)  Focal asymmetric densities seen at mammography: US and pathologic correlation.  <i>Radiographics<\/i>, 22, 19-33.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.22.1.g02ja2219"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sartor, H., Kontos, D., Ullen, S., Fornvik, H. &amp; Fornvik, D. (2020)  Changes in breast density over serial mammograms: a case-control study.  <i>Eur. J. Radiol.<\/i>, 127, 108980.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2020.108980"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schousboe, J.T., Kerlikowske, K., Loh, A. &amp; Cummings, S.R. (2011)  Personalizing mammography by breast density and other risk factors for breast cancer: analysis of health benefits and cost-effectiveness.  <i>Ann. Intern. Med.<\/i>, 155, 10-20.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-1-201107050-00003"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scutt, D., Lancaster, G.A. &amp; Manning, J.T. (2006)  Breast asymmetry and predisposition to breast cancer.  <i>Breast Cancer Res.<\/i>, 8, R14.","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1388"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scutt, D., Manning, J.T., Whitehouse, G.H., Leinster, S.J. &amp; Massey, C.P. (1997)  The relationship between breast asymmetry, breast size and the occurrence of breast cancer.  <i>Br. J. Radiol.<\/i>, 70, 1017-1021.","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.70.838.9404205"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tekmal,R.R. &amp; Santen, R.J. (1999)  Local Estrogen Production: Is Aromatase An Oncogene? In <i>Endocrinology of Breast Cancer<\/i>, edited by Manni, A., Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp. 79-92.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59259-699-7_6"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tice, J.A., Cummings, S.R., Smith-Bindman, R., Ichikawa, L., Barlow, W.E. &amp; Kerlikowske, K. (2008)  Using clinical factors and mammographic breast density to estimate breast cancer risk: development and validation of a new predictive model.  <i>Ann. Intern. Med.<\/i>, 148, 337-347.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-5-200803040-00004"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Brentnall, A.R., Mainprize, J., Yaffe, M., Cuzick, J. &amp; Harvey, J.A. (2020)  External validation of a mammographic texture marker for breast cancer risk in a case-control study.  <i>J. Med. Imaging<\/i> (<i>Bellingham<\/i>), 7, 014003.","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JMI.7.1.014003"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Lederman, D., Tan, J., Wang, X.H. &amp; Zheng, B. (2010)  Computerized detection of breast tissue asymmetry depicted on bilateral mammograms: a preliminary study of breast risk stratification.  <i>Acad. Radiol.<\/i>, 17, 1234-1241.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2010.05.016"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitehead, J., Carlile, T., Kopecky, K.J., Thompson, D.J., Gilbert, F.I. Jr., Present, A.J., Threatt, B.A., Krook, P. &amp; Hadaway, E. (1985)  Wolfe mammographic parenchymal patterns.  A study of the masking hypothesis of Egan and Mosteller.  <i>Cancer<\/i>, 56, 1280-1286.","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850915)56:6<1280::AID-CNCR2820560610>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolfe, J.N., Saftlas, A.F. &amp; Salane, M. (1987)  Mammographic parenchymal patterns and quantitative evaluation of mammographic densities: a case-control study.  <i>AJR Am. J. Roentgenol.<\/i>, 148, 1087-1092.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.6.1087"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wood, M.E., Farina, N.H., Ahern, T.P., Cuke, M.E., Stein, J.L., Stein, G.S. &amp; Lian, J.B. (2019)  Towards a more precise and individualized assessment of breast cancer risk.  <i>Aging <\/i>(<i>Albany N. Y.<\/i>), 11, 1305-1316.","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101803"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Youk, J.H., Kim, E.K., Ko, K.H. &amp; Kim, M.J. (2009)  Asymmetric mammographic findings based on the fourth edition of BI-RADS: types, evaluation, and management.  <i>Radiographics<\/i>, 29, e33.","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.e33"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, B., Sumkin, J.H., Zuley, M.L., Wang, X., Klym, A.H. &amp; Gur, D. (2012)  Bilateral mammographic density asymmetry and breast cancer risk: a preliminary assessment.  <i>Eur. J. Radiol.<\/i>, 81, 3222-3228.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.04.018"}],"container-title":["The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/tjem\/261\/2\/261_2023.J066\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T04:31:45Z","timestamp":1715574705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/tjem\/261\/2\/261_2023.J066\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1620\/tjem.2023.j066","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-8727","1349-3329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-8727","type":"print"},{"value":"1349-3329","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"article-number":"2023.J066"}}