{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:23:58Z","timestamp":1740140638120,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]],"date-time":"2005-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1128124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute","award":["CA90584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA90584"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK60498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK60498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Learning Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Identify the etiologic factors contributing to the increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the U.S.Explain the rationale for antiangiogenic therapeutic strategies in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Describe the clinical features associated with a particularly poor prognosis in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 hour of AMA PRA category 1 credit at CME.TheOncologist.com<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Purpose. To evaluate thalidomide in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate combined thalidomide and low-dose interferon-\u03b12a (IFN-\u03b12a) after tumor progression on thalidomide. Systemic therapy is minimally effective in HCC and tumor angiogenesis is a potential therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Patients and Methods. Patients with unresectable HCC were eligible if they had preserved hepatic and renal function. The initial thalidomide dosage was 200 mg daily and was adjusted for toxicity. Upon progression, patients could continue thalidomide with additional low-dosage (one million units twice daily) IFN-\u03b12a.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results. Thirty-eight enrolled patients were predominantly hepatitis C virus infected (53%), Child-Pugh class A (79%), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0\u20131 (92%); 60% had extrahepatic metastasis. Confirmed disease control was seen in seven patients (18%) and included one complete and one partial response (5% response rate). The median progression-free survival was 2.1 months, and median overall survival was 5.5 months. Tumor invasion of the portal vein or vena cava, large (&amp;gt;10 cm) tumor, and younger age were associated with shorter overall survival. Toxicity included fatigue in 74% of patients. Six patients stopped therapy because of side effects, including two patients (5%) with grade 4 arteriothrombotic events. Five patients continued thalidomide upon progression with the addition of IFN-\u03b12a; there was no disease control and 80% had grade 3 toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions. Thalidomide is not well tolerated and confers limited disease control in advanced HCC. Combination thalidomide and low-dose IFN-\u03b12a is neither safe nor efficacious in this population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.10-9-718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,26]],"date-time":"2005-10-26T07:54:44Z","timestamp":1130313284000},"page":"718-727","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Thalidomide in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Optional Low-Dose Interferon-\u03b12a upon Progression"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myron","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Lehrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Mandeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Liebes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alec","family":"Goldenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Volm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122209501914700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(01)00486-7","article-title":"Global cancer statistics in the year 2000","volume":"2","author":"Parkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Liver Cancer","author":"Bosch","year":"1997"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07493-4","article-title":"Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"349","author":"Murray","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-10-200311180-00009","article-title":"The continuing increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: an update","volume":"139","author":"El-Serag","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1995.tb00664.x","article-title":"Long interval between HCV infection and development of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Castells","year":"1995","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199308000-00005","article-title":"Liver resection versus transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients","volume":"218","author":"Bismuth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R7","first-page":"511","volume-title":"Liver Cancer","author":"Bathe","year":"1997"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08649-X","article-title":"Arterial embolisation or chemoembolisation versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"359","author":"Llovet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33156","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of tran sarterial lipiodol chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"35","author":"Lo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50047","article-title":"Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: chemoembolization improves survival","volume":"37","author":"Llovet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cad.0000131140.12228.bb","article-title":"Therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: review of the randomized clinical trials\u2013II: systemic and local non-embolization-based therapies in unresectable and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Schwartz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R12","first-page":"98","article-title":"Phenotype changes in tumor vessels associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"23","author":"Sakamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1996.tb03622.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemistry and angiography in adenomatous hyperplasia and small hepatocellular carcinomas","volume":"46","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300509","article-title":"KDR\/Flk-1 is a major regulator of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced tumor development and angiogenesis in murine hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"30","author":"Yoshiji","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270613","article-title":"Clinical significance of microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding liver: possible involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor in the angiogenesis of cirrhotic liver","volume":"27","author":"El-Assal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(98)90205-2","article-title":"Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor is associated with tumor angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Torimura","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230309","article-title":"Clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor gene expression in liver tumor","volume":"23","author":"Mise","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R18","first-page":"2803","article-title":"Implications of serum basic fibroblast growth factor levels in chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Hsu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.07.089","article-title":"Tumor microvessel density as a predictor of recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study","volume":"20","author":"Poon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(62)92665-X","article-title":"Thalidomide and congenital abnormalities","volume":"1","author":"Lenz","year":"1962","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(61)90927-8","article-title":"Thalidomide and congenital abnormalities","volume":"2","author":"McBride","year":"1961","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4082","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.9.4082","article-title":"Thalidomide is an inhibitor of angiogenesis","volume":"91","author":"D'Amato","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s004170050106","article-title":"Thalidomide inhibits corneal angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor","volume":"236","author":"Kruse","year":"1998","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Opthalmol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.6.1675","article-title":"Thalidomide exerts its inhibitory action on tumor necrosis factor alpha by enhancing mRNA degradation","volume":"177","author":"Moreira","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.11.1885","article-title":"Thalidomide costimulates primary human T lymphocytes, preferentially inducing proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic responses in the CD8+ subset","volume":"187","author":"Haslett","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.03.139","article-title":"Thalidomide alone or with dexamethasone for previously untreated multiple myeloma","volume":"21","author":"Weber","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.4.708","article-title":"Phase II trial of the antiangiogenic agent thalidomide in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas","volume":"18","author":"Fine","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10740","article-title":"A pilot study of thalidomide in patients with progressive metastatic renal cell carcinoma","volume":"95","author":"Daliani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.13.2593","article-title":"Activity of thalidomide in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma","volume":"18","author":"Little","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199205283262203","article-title":"Interferon alpha-2a therapy for life-threatening hemangiomas of infancy","volume":"326","author":"Ezekowitz","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-002-0065-4","article-title":"Interferons as antiangiogenic agents","volume":"4","author":"Lindner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-9-199911020-00011","article-title":"Use of interferon for prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"131","author":"Baffis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840170307","article-title":"Recombinant interferon-alpha in inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Lai","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-200006000-00023","article-title":"Durable clinical response of refractory hepatocellular carcinoma to orally administered thalidomide","volume":"23","author":"Patt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R35","first-page":"97b","article-title":"Phase II study of thalidomide in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R36","first-page":"133b","article-title":"Phase II trial of thalidomide in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) - a cancer therapeutics group (CTRG) study","volume":"20","author":"Kong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R37","first-page":"266a","article-title":"Phase II trial of thalidomide for treatment of nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Patt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R38","first-page":"10b","article-title":"Thalidomide for unresect able hepatocellular cancer (HCC) with optional interferon-alpha upon disease progression","volume":"21","author":"Schwartz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R39","first-page":"A653","article-title":"Thalidomide and hepatoma","volume":"5","author":"Jacqueline","year":"2001","journal-title":"NHRI-AACR Joint Conference (The Fifth Taiwan Cancer Clinical Research Organization Cooperative Annual Conference and Cross-straight Anti-cancer Pharmaceuticals Research and Development Conference)"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000074477","article-title":"Low-dose thalidomide treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"65","author":"Hsu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i5.649","article-title":"Salvage therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with thalidomide","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/10799900360520397","article-title":"IFN-alpha2b and thalidomide synergistically inhibit tumor-induced angiogenesis","volume":"23","author":"Bauer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.3.205","article-title":"New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, National Cancer Institute of the United States, National Cancer Institute of Canada","volume":"92","author":"Therasse","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3212","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.05.984","article-title":"Immunomodulatory analogs of thalidomide: an emerging new therapy in myeloma","volume":"22","author":"Richardson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20732","article-title":"Phase II study of thalidomide in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"103","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20821","article-title":"Thalidomide in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase II trial","volume":"103","author":"Patt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106213442516","article-title":"Deep vein thrombosis and thalidomide therapy for multiple myeloma","volume":"344","author":"Osman","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.5.1429","article-title":"Unexpected toxicity of combination thalidomide and interferon alpha-2a treatment in meta-static renal cell carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Nathan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.10435","article-title":"Pegylated-interferon induced severe bone marrow hypoplasia in a patient with multiple myeloma receiving thalidomide","volume":"74","author":"Gomez-Rangel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh030","article-title":"Combination therapy of thalidomide and peginterferon in patients with progressive multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Kasper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3770","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.01.536","article-title":"Interferon alpha-2b three times daily and thalidomide in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Hernberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290145","article-title":"Natural history of untreated nonsurgical hepatocellular carcinoma: rationale for the design and evaluation of therapeutic trials","volume":"29","author":"Llovet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840160119","article-title":"Prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving systemic chemotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Okada","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R54","first-page":"318","article-title":"Phase II trial of erlotinib (OSI-744) in patients with hepatocellular or biliary cancer","volume":"22","author":"Philip","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021122209501914700_R55","first-page":"334","article-title":"Bevacizumab in hepatocellular carcinoma in patients without metastasis and without invasion of the portal vein","volume":"23","author":"Schwartz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["The Oncologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1634\/theoncologist.10-9-718","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1634\/theoncologist.10-9-718","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/10\/9\/718\/41852342\/oncolo_10_9_718.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/10\/9\/718\/41852342\/oncolo_10_9_718.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T17:35:41Z","timestamp":1640194541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article\/10\/9\/718\/6387431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1634\/theoncologist.10-9-718","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-7159","1549-490X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1083-7159"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1549-490X"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]}}}