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Often associated with a number of immune- and nonimmune-mediated paraneoplastic syndromes, patient outcomes are directly related to stage of disease and the ability to achieve a complete surgical resection. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, with adjuvant radiation recommended for invasive thymoma. Sensitive to both chemotherapy and radiation, durable responses are achievable in incompletely resected and inoperable patients. We present two cases of thymoma followed by a general discussion with an emphasis on treatment for both early and advanced-stage disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.11-8-887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]],"date-time":"2006-09-01T23:34:17Z","timestamp":1157153657000},"page":"887-894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Thymoma: Benign Appearance, Malignant Potential"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Richard F.","family":"Riedel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Divisions of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"c The Ruth & Herman Albert Thoracic Oncology Program, Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"William R.","family":"Burfeind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Division of Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"c The Ruth & Herman Albert Thoracic Oncology Program, Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122208302099800_R1","first-page":"1019","volume-title":"Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology","author":"Cameron","year":"2000","edition":"Sixth Edition"},{"key":"2021122208302099800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11099","article-title":"Malignant thymoma in the United States: demographic patterns in incidence and associations with subsequent malignancies","volume":"105","author":"Engels","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2021122208302099800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19871201)60:11<2727::AID-CNCR2820601125>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Thymoma. 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