{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T22:57:54Z","timestamp":1772233074773,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,25]],"date-time":"2011-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. The aims of this study were to describe HCC tumor characteristics and different therapeutic approaches, to evaluate patient survival time from HCC diagnosis, and to identify clinical prognostic predictors in patients with and without HIV infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multicenter observational retrospective comparison of 104 HIV-infected patients and 484 uninfected patients was performed in four Italian centers. HCC was staged according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tumor characteristics of patients with and without HIV were significantly different for age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) score \u22641, and etiology of chronic liver disease. Despite the similar potentially curative option rate and better BCLC stage at diagnosis, the median survival time was significantly shorter in HIV+ patients. HIV+ patients were less frequently retreated at relapse.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Independent predictors of survival were: BCLC stage, potentially effective HCC therapy, tumor dimension \u22643 cm, HCC diagnosis under a screening program, HCC recurrence, and portal vein thrombosis. Restricting the analysis to HIV+ patients only, all positive prognostic factors were confirmed together with HAART exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study confirms a significantly shorter survival time in HIV+ HCC patients. The less aggressive retreatment at recurrence approach does not balance the benefit of younger age and better BCLC stage and PS score of HIV+ patients. Thus, considering the prognosis of HIV+ HCC patients, effective screening techniques, programs, and specific management guidelines are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2010-0400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,25]],"date-time":"2011-08-25T22:25:39Z","timestamp":1314311139000},"page":"1258-1269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Hepatocellular Carcinoma in HIV-Infected Patients: Check Early, Treat Hard"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Berretta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Garlassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Cacopardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"g Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Unit of Infectious Diseases \u201cGaribaldi-Nesima\u201d Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cappellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"h Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Guaraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Cocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"De Paoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b Scientific Direction, National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arben","family":"Lleshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Immacolata","family":"Izzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i Division of Infectious Disease, University \u201cCattolica del Sacro Cuore,\u201d Rome, Italy;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusta","family":"Torresin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"j Division of Infectious Disease, Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Di Gangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonello","family":"Pietrangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariachiara","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bearz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Berretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"h Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Nasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"k Division of Medical Oncology B, National Cancer Institute, \u201cG. 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