{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:17:02Z","timestamp":1793157422556,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFG, KFO 179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG, KFO 179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Learning Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe present strategies of treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer and ongoing clinical trials, including neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy with 50.4 Gy and concomitant 5-FU +\/\u2212 oxaliplatin.Define the basic clinical parameters, with special emphasis on gender and BMI, correlating with radiochemotherapy-associated side effects in rectal cancer patients and differences in severity of toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cUICC stages II\/III) are typically treated with preoperative 5-fluorouracil\u2013based (5-FU\u2013based) radiochemotherapy (RCT). However, trials are currently being conducted to improve the complete remission rates and the systemic control by combining 5-FU with oxaliplatin. The primary objective was to identify the subgroups of rectal cancer patients who were at risk for high-grade toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>All 196 patients who were included in the present study were treated with 50.4 Gy and chemotherapy that included either 5-FU (n = 115) or 5-FU+oxaliplatin (n = 81). The preoperative RCT was followed by a total mesorectal excision and adjuvant chemotherapy. Acute toxicity was monitored weekly and a toxicity grade \u22653 (Common Toxicity Criteria) for a skin reaction, cystitis, proctitis, or enteritis was defined as high-grade acute organ toxicity. After RCT with 5-FU+oxaliplatin, complete tumor remission was achieved in 13.6% of the patients and in 11.3% after RCT with 5-FU alone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Complete irradiation dosages of 50.4 Gy were given to 99% (5-FU) and 95% (5-FU+oxaliplatin) of the patients. Concomitant chemotherapy was fully administered in 95% of the patients treated with 5-FU compared with the 84% of patients treated with 5-FU+oxaliplatin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A significantly higher proportion of acute organ toxicity was found in the patients who were treated with 5-FU+oxaliplatin compared with those who were treated with 5-FU. Additionally, women with a low body mass index were at the highest risk for acute organ toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>These results suggest that there are basic clinical parameters, such as gender and body mass index, that may be potential markers for generating individual risk profiles of RCT-induced toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2010-0414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]],"date-time":"2011-05-10T04:54:16Z","timestamp":1305003256000},"page":"621-631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Gender-Specific Acute Organ Toxicity during Intensified Preoperative Radiochemotherapy for Rectal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hendrik A.","family":"Wolff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Departments of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, 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