{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T03:28:04Z","timestamp":1791689284899,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cooperative agreement","award":["U58 DP000779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U58 DP000779"]}]},{"name":"Federated States of Micronesia National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality in nearly all U.S. Affiliated Pacific Island Jurisdictions (USAPIJ); however, most jurisdictions are financially and geographically limited in their capacity to deliver routine screening.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 72 health care providers from five of the six USAPIJ in 2011 to assess knowledge, beliefs, practices, and perceived barriers regarding routine cervical cancer screening. We compared the responses of providers from jurisdictions that were funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) with those that were not funded.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most providers reported cervical cancer prevention as a priority in their clinical practices (90.3%) and use the Papanicolaou test for screening (86.1%). Many providers reported knowledge of screening guidelines (76.4%); however, more than half reported that annual screening is most effective (56.9%). Providers in non-NBCCEDP-funded jurisdictions reported greater acceptance of visual inspection with acetic acid (93.9%) and self-sampling for human papillomavirus testing (48.5%) compared with NBCCEDP-funded jurisdictions (15.4% and 30.8% respectively). Providers from non-NBCCEDP-funded jurisdictions reported inadequate technological resources for screening women (42.4%), and approximately 25% of providers in both groups believed that screening was cost-prohibitive.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although cervical cancer screening is a priority in clinical practice, beliefs about annual screening, costs associated with screening, and varying levels of support for alternative screening tests pose barriers to providers throughout the USAPIJ. Further exploration of using evidence-based, lower cost, and sustainable screening technologies is warranted in addition to emphasizing timely follow-up of all positive cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2013-0340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]],"date-time":"2014-03-26T02:51:25Z","timestamp":1395802285000},"page":"383-393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Current Cervical Cancer Screening Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices Among U.S. Affiliated Pacific Island Providers: Opportunities and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Julie S.","family":"Townsend","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anal\u00eda Romina","family":"Stormo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine B.","family":"Roland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Buenconsejo-Lum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Saraiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122308521151500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr015","article-title":"Worldwide burden of cervical cancer in 2008","volume":"22","author":"Arbyn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0b013e3182732375","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening in high- and low-resource countries: Implications and new developments","volume":"67","author":"Hoppenot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B3","volume-title":"Cancer Council of the Pacific Islands. U.S. Affiliated Pacific Island Nations: Pacific regional comprehensive cancer control plan 2007-2012. 2007"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00424","article-title":"Screening for cervical cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation statement","volume":"156","author":"Moyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21139","article-title":"American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer","volume":"62","author":"Saslow","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318277c92a","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin number 131: Screening for cervical cancer","volume":"120","author":"Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Gynecology","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181c6f8a4","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin no. 109: Cervical cytology screening","volume":"114","author":"ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2013Gynecology","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"2021122308521151500_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e318287d329","article-title":"2012 updated consensus guidelines for the management of abnormal cervical cancer screening tests and cancer precursors","volume":"17","author":"Massad","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a1284","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1284","article-title":"Perinatal mortality and other severe adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: Meta-analysis","volume":"337","author":"Arbyn","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B10","volume-title":"WHO guidance note: Comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control: A healthier future for girls and women","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B11","volume-title":"Workshop to develop national breast and cervical cancer client management guidelines for prevention, detection, treatment and care in the Federated States of Micronesia","author":"The Federated States of Micronesia National Department of Health and Social Affairs","year":"2008"},{"key":"2021122308521151500_B12","volume-title":"Republic of the Marshall Islands Ministry of Health. 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