{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:35:17Z","timestamp":1783510517737,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The biochemical profile of classic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) consists of both elevated calcium and parathyroid hormone levels. The standard of care is parathyroidectomy unless prohibited by medical comorbidities. Because more patients are undergoing routine bone density evaluation and neck imaging studies for other purposes, there is a subset of people identified with a biochemically mild form of the pHPT that expresses itself as either elevated calcium or parathyroid hormone levels. These patients often do not fall into the criteria for operation based on the National Institutes of Health consensus guidelines, and they can present a challenge of diagnosis and management. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature on mild pHPT in an effort to better characterize this patient population and to determine whether patients benefit from parathyroidectomy. Evidence suggests that there are patients with mild pHPT who have overt symptoms that are found to improve after parathyroidectomy. There is also a group of patients with biochemically mild pHPT who are found to progress to classic pHPT over time; however, it is not predictable which group of patients this will be. Early intervention for this group with mild pHPT may prevent progression of bone, psychiatric, and renal complications, and parathyroidectomy has proven safe in appropriately selected patients at high volume centers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,26]],"date-time":"2014-07-26T07:08:33Z","timestamp":1406358513000},"page":"919-929","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Megan K.","family":"Applewhite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David F.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122309081254900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpsurg.2010.08.002","article-title":"New trends in parathyroid surgery","volume":"47","author":"Adler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Probl Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198001243020402","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism: Incidence, morbidity, and potential economic impact in a community","volume":"302","author":"Heath","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-002-6621-0","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism revisited in menopausal women with serum calcium in the upper normal range at population-based screening 8 years ago","volume":"26","author":"Lundgren","year":"2002","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4022","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism in a racially mixed population","volume":"98","author":"Yeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050910","article-title":"Incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism in Rochester, Minnesota, 1993-2001: An update on the changing epidemiology of the disease","volume":"21","author":"Wermers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.139.1.77","article-title":"Surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism in Hong Kong: Changes in clinical pattern over 3 decades","volume":"139","author":"Lo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B7","first-page":"A4567","article-title":"Increasing incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism in Denmark","volume":"60","author":"Abood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2914","article-title":"The changing clinical patterns of primary hyperparathyroidism in Chinese patients: Data from 2000 to 2010 in a single clinical center","volume":"98","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5348","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031014","article-title":"\u201cIncipient\u201d primary hyperparathyroidism: A \u201cforme fruste\u201d of an old disease","volume":"88","author":"Silverberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5353","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021370","article-title":"Summary statement from a workshop on asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: A perspective for the 21st century","volume":"87","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3001","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2802","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: Further characterization of a new clinical phenotype","volume":"92","author":"Lowe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1758","article-title":"Diagnosis of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Proceedings of the third international workshop","volume":"94","author":"Eastell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B13","volume-title":"Current Surgical Therapy","author":"Chen","year":"2011"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128352","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/128352","article-title":"Normocalcemic versus hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: More stone than bone?","volume":"2012","author":"Amaral","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Osteoporos"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2000.110844","article-title":"Randomized trial of parathyroidectomy in mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Patient description and effects on the SF-36 health survey","volume":"128","author":"Talpos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(99)70224-2","article-title":"Health status improvement after surgical correction of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with high and low preoperative calcium levels","volume":"125","author":"Burney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2011.03.142","article-title":"PTH inhibition rate is useful in the detection of early-stage primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5415","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0028","article-title":"Randomized controlled clinical trial of surgery versus no surgery in patients with mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"89","author":"Rao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2011.09.011","article-title":"The phenotype of primary hyperparathyroidism with normal parathyroid hormone levels: How low can parathyroid hormone go?","volume":"150","author":"Wallace","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2007.07.023","article-title":"Consequences of parathyroidectomy in patients with \u201cmild\u201d sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"142","author":"Carneiro-Pla","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021404","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: Evidence for a generalized target-tissue resistance to parathyroid hormone","volume":"88","author":"Maruani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-012-1438-y","article-title":"Surgical management of normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"36","author":"Wade","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900111","article-title":"Parathyroid tissue in normocalcemic and hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism recruited by health screening","volume":"20","author":"Lundgren","year":"1996","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(97)90357-3","article-title":"Population-based screening for primary hyperparathyroidism with serum calcium and parathyroid hormone values in menopausal women","volume":"121","author":"Lundgren","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-011-1179-3","article-title":"The necessity and reliability of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) testing in patients with mild hyperparathyroidism and PTH levels in the normal range","volume":"35","author":"Alhefdhi","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4205","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-013-3190-4","article-title":"Multigland disease and slower decline in intraoperative PTH characterize mild primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"20","author":"Schneider","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-7-593","article-title":"NIH conference. Diagnosis and management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Consensus development conference statement","volume":"114","author":"NIH conference","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1763","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Summary statement from the third international workshop","volume":"94","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(91)90193-2","article-title":"Hypercalcemia with low-normal serum intact PTH: A novel presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"91","author":"Hollenberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-67-6-1294","article-title":"Lack of biochemical progression or continuation of accelerated bone loss in mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Evidence for biphasic disease course","volume":"67","author":"Rao","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2012.12.001","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"16","author":"Cusano","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411701","article-title":"A 10-year prospective study of primary hyperparathyroidism with or without parathyroid surgery","volume":"341","author":"Silverberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302010000200004","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"54","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.06.037","article-title":"Characterization of normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"117","author":"Tordjman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302011000500003","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism in clinical practice: An indolent condition or a silent threat?","volume":"55","author":"Marques","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.09.009","article-title":"Surgery improves quality of life in patients with \u201cmild\u201d hyperparathyroidism","volume":"197","author":"Adler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-002-6649-1","article-title":"Preoperative normal level of parathyroid hormone signifies an early and mild form of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"27","author":"Bergenfelz","year":"2003","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3437","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-011-1744-x","article-title":"Normal PTH levels in primary hyperparathyroidism: Still the same disease?","volume":"18","author":"Amin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1992.01420100015003","article-title":"Normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism. Biochemical and symptom profiles before and after surgery","volume":"127","author":"Siperstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp032200","article-title":"Clinical practice: Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"350","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B41","first-page":"1103","article-title":"Role of the oral calcium-loading test with measurement of intact parathyroid hormone in the diagnosis of symptomatic subtle primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"112","author":"Monchik","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70145-6","article-title":"Natural history of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"29","author":"Silverberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0362","article-title":"Different PTH response to oral peptone load and oral calcium load in patients with normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism, primary hyperparathyroidism, and healthy subjects","volume":"167","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/93.6.365","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism with normal serum intact parathyroid hormone levels","volume":"93","author":"Mischis-Troussard","year":"2000","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)61031-8","article-title":"Nonsurgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"82","author":"Farford","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.7.5842-1","article-title":"Therapeutic controversies in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"84","author":"Silverberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1346.041","article-title":"Bisphosphonates: From bench to bedside","volume":"1068","author":"Russell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4482","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-010385","article-title":"Alendronate in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroid-related osteoporosis: A 2-year study","volume":"87","author":"Parker","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020890","article-title":"Oral alendronate increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"88","author":"Chow","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3319","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030908","article-title":"Alendronate in primary hyperparathyroidism: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Khan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5644","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021597","article-title":"The calcimimetic cinacalcet normalizes serum calcium in subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"88","author":"Shoback","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B52","first-page":"90","article-title":"Update on the use of cinacalcet in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"35","author":"Marcocci","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020667","article-title":"Raloxifene lowers serum calcium and markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"88","author":"Rubin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.5-5-388","article-title":"Raloxifene: A selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with multiple target system effects","volume":"5","author":"Muchmore","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Oncologist"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.11.1.49","article-title":"The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons position statement on the diagnosis and management of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"11","author":"AACE\/AAES Task Force on Primary Hyperparathyroidism","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1761","article-title":"Surgery for asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Proceedings of the third international workshop","volume":"94","author":"Udelsman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2007.09.003","article-title":"Surgeon volume as a predictor of outcomes in inpatient and outpatient endocrine surgery","volume":"142","author":"Stavrakis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199809000-00005","article-title":"The importance of surgeon experience for clinical and economic outcomes from thyroidectomy","volume":"228","author":"Sosa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000179622.37270.36","article-title":"A comprehensive evaluation of perioperative adjuncts during minimally invasive parathyroidectomy: Which is most reliable?","volume":"242","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2099.101835","article-title":"Kinetic analysis of the rapid intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay in patients during operation for hyperparathyroidism","volume":"126","author":"Libutti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(91)90135-Z","article-title":"Operative monitoring of parathyroid gland hyperfunction","volume":"162","author":"Irvin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2003.06.001","article-title":"Comparison of intraoperative iPTH assay (QPTH) criteria in guiding parathyroidectomy: Which criterion is the most accurate?","volume":"134","author":"Carneiro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.141.5.483","article-title":"Which intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay criterion best predicts operative success? A study of 352 consecutive patients","volume":"141","author":"Chiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2099.101833","article-title":"The validity of quick intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay: An evaluation in seventy-two patients based on gross morphologic criteria","volume":"126","author":"Gordon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199906000-00015","article-title":"Improved success rate in reoperative parathyroidectomy with intraoperative PTH assay","volume":"229","author":"Irvin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.136.8.945","article-title":"A spike in parathyroid hormone during neck exploration may cause a false-negative intraoperative assay result","volume":"136","author":"Yang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(05)80101-1","article-title":"A new, practical intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay","volume":"168","author":"Irvin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2099.101426","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of sequential changes in serum intact parathyroid hormone levels during conventional parathyroid exploration","volume":"126","author":"Weber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302006000400010","article-title":"Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"50","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0219","article-title":"Surgery or surveillance for mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: A prospective, randomized clinical trial","volume":"92","author":"Ambrogini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1836","article-title":"Medical observation, compared with parathyroidectomy, for asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: A prospective, randomized trial","volume":"92","author":"Bollerslev","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.10.6880","article-title":"Augmentation of central arterial pressure in mild primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"85","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01726908","article-title":"Reversible hypertension in primary hyperparathyroidism: Pre- and posteroperative blood pressure in 75 cases","volume":"62","author":"Ringe","year":"1984","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0780127","article-title":"Blood pressure, left ventricular mass and intracellular calcium in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"78","author":"Dominiczak","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2003.07.017","article-title":"Circadian cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction in primary hyperparathyroidism improves after parathyroidectomy","volume":"134","author":"Nilsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2002.128692","article-title":"Cardiac dysfunction in mild primary hyperparathyroidism assessed by radionuclide angiography and echocardiography before and after parathyroidectomy","volume":"132","author":"Almqvist","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0300-0664.2001.01468.x","article-title":"Normalized dyslipidaemia after parathyroidectomy in mild primary hyperparathyroidism: Population-based study over five years","volume":"56","author":"Hagstr\u00f6m","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.06.059","article-title":"Early parathyroidectomy increases bone mineral density in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism: A prospective and randomized study","volume":"136","author":"Almqvist","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.06.052","article-title":"Normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism in patients with osteoporosis","volume":"136","author":"Monchik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2006.07.032","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of parathyroidectomy for asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"140","author":"Zanocco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02029","article-title":"Surgery versus medical follow-up in patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: A decision analysis","volume":"153","author":"Sejean","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2021122309081254900_B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4158\/EP10324.RA","article-title":"Significance of elevated parathyroid hormone after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"17","author":"Oltmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"2021122309081254900_B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31819a6ded","article-title":"What is the clinical significance of an elevated parathyroid hormone level after curative surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism?","volume":"249","author":"Ning","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg"}],"container-title":["The Oncologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pericles-gcp.literatumonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0084","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pericles-gcp.literatumonline.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0084","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/19\/9\/919\/41862210\/oncolo_19_9_919.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/19\/9\/919\/41862210\/oncolo_19_9_919.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T01:59:59Z","timestamp":1640311199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article\/19\/9\/919\/6399508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0084","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-7159","1549-490X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-7159","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-490X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]}}}