{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:09:22Z","timestamp":1792069762279,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:p>Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is the most visibly distressing side effect of commonly administered chemotherapeutic agents. Because psychological health has huge relevance to lifestyle, diet, and self-esteem, it is important for clinicians to fully appreciate the psychological burden that CIA can place on patients. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we provide a comprehensive review encompassing the molecular characteristics of the human hair follicle (HF), how different anticancer agents damage the HF to cause CIA, and subsequent HF pathophysiology, and we assess known and emerging prevention modalities that have aimed to reduce or prevent CIA. We argue that, at present, scalp cooling is the only safe and U.S. Food and Drug Administration-cleared modality available, and we highlight the extensive available clinical and experimental (biological) evidence for its efficacy. The likelihood of a patient that uses scalp cooling during chemotherapy maintaining enough hair to not require a wig is approximately 50%. This is despite different types of chemotherapy regimens, patient-specific differences, and possible lack of staff experience in effectively delivering scalp cooling. The increased use of scalp cooling and an understanding of how to deliver it most effectively to patients has enormous potential to ease the psychological burden of CIA, until other, more efficacious, equally safe treatments become available.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Implications for Practice<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) represents perhaps the most distressing side effect of chemotherapeutic agents and is of huge concern to the majority of patients. Scalp cooling is currently the only safe option to combat CIA. Clinical and biological evidence suggests improvements can be made, including efficacy in delivering adequately low temperature to the scalp and patient-specific cap design. The increased use of scalp cooling, an understanding of how to deliver it most effectively, and biological evidence-based approaches to improve its efficacy have enormous potential to ease the psychological burden of CIA, as this could lead to improvements in treatment and patient quality-of-life.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T00:50:18Z","timestamp":1506473418000},"page":"84-96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["A Clinical and Biological Guide for Understanding Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia and Its Prevention"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Christopher John","family":"Dunnill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wafaa","family":"Al-Tameemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Collett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain Stuart","family":"Haslam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos Theodoros","family":"Georgopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-003-0562-5","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced alopecia: Psychosocial impact and therapeutic approaches","volume":"12","author":"Hesketh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.3531","article-title":"Impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia distress on body image, psychosocial well-being, and depression in breast cancer patients","volume":"23","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddstr.2006.03.004","article-title":"Therapeutic strategies for treating hair loss","volume":"3","author":"Paus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today Ther Strateg"},{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38793.567801.AE","article-title":"Breast cancer in the family\u2013Children's perceptions of their mother's cancer and its initial treatment: Qualitative study","volume":"332","author":"Forrest","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-2081(05)80003-8","article-title":"The symptom experience of alopecia","volume":"11","author":"Pickard-Holley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00566-3","article-title":"Depression and cancer: Mechanisms and disease progression","volume":"54","author":"Spiegel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021122509422326500_onco12253-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1272","article-title":"Have men been overlooked? 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