{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:18:15Z","timestamp":1761581895930},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Owing to the rarity of this tumor, there is limited information about second-line chemotherapy for patients with previously treated advanced thymic carcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a multi-institutional, retrospective study named NEJ023 for patients with advanced thymic carcinoma. Patients without indications for curative treatment were treated with chemotherapy from 1995 to 2014 at 40 institutions in the North East Japan Study Group. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics, data on treatment methods, and outcomes of second-line chemotherapy were obtained from medical records.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 191 patients were enrolled in this study. Second-line chemotherapy included platinum-based doublets in 57.6% of patients, other multidrug chemotherapy (e.g., cisplatin, doxorubicin, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide) in 13.6%, and monotherapy in 28.8%. The median follow-up time was 50.5 months, and the median overall survival (OS) from the start of second-line chemotherapy was 22.4 (95% confidence interval, 17.5-26.7) months. The average response rate (RR) was 20.0% overall; it was 21.6% for patients treated with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, 13.6% for those treated with other multidrug chemotherapy, and 19.6% for those treated with single agent chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in OS between platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, other multidrug chemotherapy, and monotherapy (the median OS was 22.4, 25.7, and 21.4 months, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The median OS was 22.4 months in patients with advanced thymic carcinoma treated with second-line chemotherapy. There were no significant differences in RR and OS between monotherapy and multidrug chemotherapy in this study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2019-0593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T20:34:17Z","timestamp":1574800457000},"page":"e668-e674","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Clinical Outcomes of Second-Line Chemotherapy in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced Thymic Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 191 Patients from the NEJ023 Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Tateishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takehito","family":"Shukuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Okuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoichi","family":"Kuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center, Iwakuni, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Murase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Tsukita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Ashinuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taku","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Omagari Kosei Medical Center, Daisen, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazutsugu","family":"Uematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Nakao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iwate Prefectural Central Hospital, Morioka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoichi","family":"Kaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Innovative Immune-Oncology Therapeutics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuto","family":"Mouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, Tachikawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Miyabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Sakashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Tanigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Thoracic Center, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomonobu","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comprehensive Cancer Therapy, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunihiko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Nukiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor Emeritus, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"North East Japan Study 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