{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T16:48:26Z","timestamp":1791046106736,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]],"date-time":"2003-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1070236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Learning Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>After completing this course, the reader will be able to:<\/jats:p><jats:p>Describe the role and significance of the NCI Surveillance and End Results (SEER) Program. Discuss the evolving changes in cancer mortality statistics in the U.S. Explain some of the important definitions of population science as they relate to cancer.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Access and take the CME test online and receive one hour of AMA PRA category 1 credit at CME.TheOncologist.com<\/jats:p><jats:p>An overview of data on cancer at all sites combined and on selected, frequently occurring cancers is presented. Descriptive cancer statistics include average annual Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program incidence, U.S. mortality and median age at diagnosis, and death for the period 1996\u20132000. Changes during the time period 1992\u20132000 are summarized by the annual percent change in SEER incidence and U.S. mortality data for this period. Five-year relative survival for selected cancers is examined by stage at diagnosis, based on data from 1990\u20131999. In addition, 5-year conditional survival for patients already surviving for 1\u20133 years after diagnosis is discussed as well as relative survival for other time periods. These measures may be more meaningful for clinical management and prognosis than 5-year relative survival from time of diagnosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The likelihood of developing cancer during one's lifetime is 1 in 2 for males and 1 in 3 for females, based on 1998\u20132000 data. It is estimated that approximately 9.6 million people in the U.S. who have had a diagnosis of cancer are alive. Five-year relative survival varies greatly by cancer site and stage at diagnosis, and tends to increase with time since diagnosis. The median age at cancer diagnosis is 68 for men and 65 for women. The 5-year relative survival rate for persons diagnosed with cancer is 62.7%, with variation by cancer site and stage at diagnosis. For patients diagnosed with cancers of the prostate, female breast, corpus uteri, and urinary bladder, the relative survival rate at 8 years is over 75%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.8-6-541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,24]],"date-time":"2004-08-24T21:38:39Z","timestamp":1093383519000},"page":"541-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":381,"title":["Cancer Survival and Incidence from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lynn A.","family":"Gloeckler Ries","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance Research Program, DCCPS, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marsha E.","family":"Reichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance Research Program, DCCPS, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise Riedel","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance Research Program, DCCPS, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin F.","family":"Hankey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance Research Program, DCCPS, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda K.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surveillance Research Program, DCCPS, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122209452847100_R1","first-page":"1117","article-title":"The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program: a national resource","volume":"8","author":"Hankey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R2","year":"2003"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R3","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases for Oncology","author":"Percy","year":"1990","edition":"Second Edition"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R4","volume-title":"Manual for Staging of Cancer","author":"Beahrs","year":"1988","edition":"Third Edition"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.17.1985","article-title":"Cancer survival among US whites and minorities: a SEER (surveillance, epidemiology and end results) program population-based study","volume":"162","author":"Clegg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0033-0124.2004.00445.x","article-title":"Population estimation error and its impact on 1991\u20131999 cancer rates","volume-title":"Professional Geographer","author":"Boscoe"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R7","volume-title":"Division of Data Services. U.S. Census Populations with Bridged Race Categories. Bridged-Race Population Estimates for July 1, 2000\u2013July 1, 2002","author":"National Center for Health Statistics"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R8","volume-title":"Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. U.S. Population Data\u20141969\u20132000","author":"National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R9","volume-title":"NCI Fact Sheet: How Changes in U.S. Census Counts Affect NCI Cancer Rates, posted 04\/15\/03","author":"National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R10","volume-title":"Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. Population Estimates Used in NCI's SEER*Stat Software","author":"National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R11","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975\u20132000","author":"Ries","year":"2003"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R12","first-page":"101","article-title":"The relative survival rate: a statistical methodology","volume":"6","author":"Ederer","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19970228)16:4<425::AID-SIM414>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Estimating the completeness of prevalence based on cancer registry data","volume":"16","author":"Capocaccia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.11.892","article-title":"The lifetime risk of developing breast cancer","volume":"85","author":"Feuer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R15","volume-title":"International Association of Cancer Registries (IARC) Technical Report No. 29","author":"International Classification of Childhood Cancer 1996","year":"1996"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R16","volume-title":"Cancer Incidence and Survival among Children and Adolescents: United States SEER Program 1975\u20131995. NIH Pub. No. 99-4649","author":"Ries","year":"1999"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R17","volume-title":"Cancer Facts and Figures 2003","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2003"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11633","article-title":"Cancer rates among American Indians and Alaska Natives: is there a national perspective?","volume":"98","author":"Swan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R19","volume-title":"Alaska Native Cancer Update 1987\u20131999","author":"Lanier","year":"2002"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008953201688","article-title":"Partitioning linear trends in age-adjusted rates","volume":"11","author":"Hankey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.43.1.27","article-title":"Recent incidence trends for breast cancer in women and the relevance of early detection: an update","volume":"43","author":"Miller","year":"1993","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R22","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973\u20131999","author":"Ries","year":"2002"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10593","article-title":"Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1973\u20131999, featuring implications of age and aging on the U.S. cancer burden","volume":"94","author":"Edwards","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021122209452847100_R24","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["The Oncologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1634\/theoncologist.8-6-541","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1634\/theoncologist.8-6-541","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/8\/6\/541\/41840407\/oncolo_8_6_541.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article-pdf\/8\/6\/541\/41840407\/oncolo_8_6_541.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,14]],"date-time":"2024-01-14T06:54:57Z","timestamp":1705215297000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/oncolo\/article\/8\/6\/541\/6388180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1634\/theoncologist.8-6-541","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-7159","1549-490X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-7159","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-490X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]}}}