{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T08:33:56Z","timestamp":1793435636640,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Avian Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) causes great economic losses to the chicken industry worldwide. IB virus (IBV) exhibits extensive variability, and differing serotypes are often prevalent in different countries or regions. Therefore, the identification of local circulating strains is essential for the selection of appropriate vaccines. China is a worldwide leader in poultry meat and egg production, and IBV is one of the most important infectious diseases affecting this industry. In this review, the history and current IB occurrence in China, as well as the development and use of vaccines, are summarized. Based on recent epidemics, reasonable vaccination strategies are recommended, and some inadequate measures commonly used in the field are analyzed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T01:44:21Z","timestamp":1638841461000},"page":"654-658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Avian Infectious Bronchitis in China: Epidemiology, Vaccination, and Control"],"prefix":"10.1637","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Xiaorong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjiao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yantao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1212","reference":[{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L Jiang, Z Han, Y Chen, et al.  \"Virus Res.\"  244, \"Characterization of the complete 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in China over the past two decades.\" 1566 (2016)","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000464"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G Georgiades, P Iordanidis, M Koumbati,  \"Avian Dis.\"  45, \"Cases of swollen head syndrome in broiler chickens in Greece.\" 745 (2001)","DOI":"10.2307\/1592922"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W Zhao, M Gao, Q Xu, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  198, \"Origin and evolution of LX4 genotype infectious bronchitis coronavirus in China.\" 9 (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.11.014"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K Mardani, AH Noormohammadi, P Hooper, et al.  \"J Virol.\"  82, \"Infectious bronchitis viruses with a novel genomic organization.\" 2013 (2008)","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01694-07"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SM Kuo, HW Kao, MH Hou, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  162, \"Evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in Taiwan: positively selected sites in the nucleocapsid 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Vet Med Sci.\"  80, \"Immune protection conferred by three commonly used commercial live attenuated vaccines against the prevalent local strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in southern China.\" 1438 (2018)","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.18-0249"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Ji, J Xie, F Chen, et al.  \"Virol J.\"  8, \"Phylogenetic distribution and predominant genotype of the avian infectious bronchitis virus in China during 2008\u20132009.\" 184 (2011)","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-184"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L Xu, M Ren, J Sheng, et al.  \"Virus Res.\"  263, \"Genetic and biological characteristics of four novel recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in China.\" 87 (2019)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.01.007"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MW. Jackwood,  \"Avian Dis.\"  56, \"Review of infectious bronchitis virus around the world.\" 634 (2012)","DOI":"10.1637\/10227-043012-Review.1"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NP Khanh, SW Tan, SK Yeap, et al.  \"Avian Dis.\"  61, \"Molecular characterization of QX-like and variant infectious bronchitis virus strains in Malaysia based on partial genomic sequences comprising the S-3a\/3b-E-M-intergenic region-5a\/5b-N gene order.\" 442 (2017)","DOI":"10.1637\/11637-032817-Reg.1"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V Valastro, EC Holmes, P Britton, et al.  \"Infect Genet Evol.\"  39, \"S1 gene-based phylogeny of infectious bronchitis virus: an attempt to harmonize virus classification.\" 349 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.02.015"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CH Wang  and YC Huang  \"Arch Virol.\"  145, \"Relationship between serotypes and genotypes based on the hypervariable region of the S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus.\" 291 (2000)","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050024"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Mase, N Kawanishi, Y Ootani, et al.  \"J Vet Med Sci.\"  72, \"A novel genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Japan in 2009.\" 1265 (2010)","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.10-0080"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JJ de Wit, J Nieuwenhuisen-van Wilgen, A Hoogkamer, et al.  \"Avian Pathol.\"  40, \"Induction of cystic oviducts and protection against early challenge with infectious bronchitis virus serotype D388 (genotype QX) by maternally derived antibodies and by early vaccination.\" 463 (2011)","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2011.599060"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y Chen, L Jiang, W Zhao, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  198, \"Identification and molecular characterization of a novel serotype infectious bronchitis virus (GI-28) in China.\" 108 (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.12.017"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L Jiang, W Zhao, Z Han, et al.  \"Infect Genet Evol.\"  54, \"Genome characterization, antigenicity and pathogenicity of a novel infectious bronchitis virus type isolated from south China.\" 437 (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.08.006"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T Ma, L Xu, M Ren, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  230, \"Novel genotype of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China.\" 178 (2019)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.01.020"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"YP Huang, HC Lee, MC Cheng, et al.  \"Avian Dis.\"  48, \"S1 and N gene analysis of avian infectious bronchitis viruses in Taiwan.\" 581 (2004)","DOI":"10.1637\/7186-033004R"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HW Chen, YP Huang, CH Wang,  \"Virus Res.\"  140, \"Identification of Taiwan and China-like recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses in Taiwan.\" 121 (2009)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2008.11.012"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CH Wang  and CT Tsai  \"Arch Virol.\"  141, \"Genetic grouping for the isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Taiwan.\" 1677 (1996)","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01718291"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L Xu, Z Han, L Jiang, et al.  \"Infect Genet Evol.\"  66, \"Genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus in China in recent years.\" 82 (2018)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.018"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SM Kuo, CH Wang, MH Hou, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  144, \"Evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in Taiwan: characterisation of RNA recombination in the nucleocapsid gene.\" 293 (2010)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.02.027"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Cavanagh,  \"Vet Res.\"  38, \"Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus.\" 281 (2007)","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2006055"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JK Cook, SJ Orbell, MA Woods, et al.  \"Avian Pathol.\"  28, \"Breadth of protection of the respiratory tract provided by different live-attenuated infectious bronchitis vaccines against challenge with infectious bronchitis viruses of heterologous serotypes.\" 477 (1999)","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459994506"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Gao, Q Wang, W Zhao, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  191, \"Serotype, antigenicity, and pathogenicity of a naturally recombinant TW I genotype infectious bronchitis coronavirus in China.\" 1 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.05.018"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JK Cook, M Jackwood, RC Jones,  \"Avian Pathol.\"  41, \"The long view: 40 years of infectious bronchitis research.\" 239 (2012)","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2012.680432"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Gelb, Y Weisman, BS Ladman, et al.  \"Avian Pathol.\"  34, \"S1 gene characteristics and efficacy of vaccination against infectious bronchitis virus field isolates from the United States and Israel (1996 to 2000).\" 194 (2005)","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450500096539"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X Zhang, K Liao, S Chen, et al.  \"Vet Res.\"  51, \"Evaluation of the reproductive system development and egg-laying performance of hens infected with TW I-type infectious bronchitis virus.\" 2020","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-020-00819-4"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RM Dwars, MG Matthijs, AJ Daemen, et al.  \"Vet Immunol Immunopathol.\"  127, \"Progression of lesions in the respiratory tract of broilers after single infection with Escherichia coli compared to superinfection with E. coli after infection with infectious bronchitis virus.\" 65 (2009)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.09.019"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z Han, C Sun, B Yan, et al.  \"Infect Genet Evol.\"  11, \"A 15-year analysis of molecular epidemiology of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus in China.\" 190 (2011)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.09.002"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T Zhang, Z Han, Q Xu, et al.  \"Infect Genet Evol.\"  32, \"Serotype shift of a 793\/B genotype infectious bronchitis coronavirus by natural recombination.\" 377 (2015)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.03.034"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Lian, Z Wang, Z Xu, et al.  \"Poult Sci.\"  100, \"Distribution and molecular characterization of avian infectious bronchitis virus in southern China.\" 101169 (2021)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101169"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Terregino, A Toffan, MS Beato, et al.  \"Avian Pathol.\"  37, \"Pathogenicity of a QX strain of infectious bronchitis virus in specific pathogen free and commercial broiler chickens, and evaluation of protection induced by a vaccination programme based on the Ma5 and 4\/91 serotypes.\" 487 (2008)","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450802356938"}],"container-title":["Avian Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/avian-diseases\/volume-65\/issue-4\/aviandiseases-21-00098\/Avian-Infectious-Bronchitis-in-China-Epidemiology-Vaccination-and-Control\/10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T08:07:23Z","timestamp":1793434043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/avian-diseases\/volume-65\/issue-4\/aviandiseases-21-00098\/Avian-Infectious-Bronchitis-in-China-Epidemiology-Vaccination-and-Control\/10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-2086","1938-4351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-2086","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-4351","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]}}}