{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T11:11:14Z","timestamp":1794049874955,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Avian Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Respuestas inmunes celulares en tejidos linfoides de pollos de engorde infectados experimentalmente con cepas de Clostridium perfringens productoras de enteritis necr\u00f3tica. Las respuestas celulares del hu\u00e9sped contra Clostridium perfringens (CP), el agente causante de la enteritis necr\u00f3tica (NE) en pollos, son poco conocidas. En el presente estudio, primero se analiz\u00f3 la capacidad de producci\u00f3n de enteritis necr\u00f3tica de siete cepas de C. perfringens netB+ (CP5, CP18, CP26, CP64, CP67, CP68 y NCNE-1), utilizando un modelo de infecci\u00f3n experimental de pollos de engorde. La evaluaci\u00f3n de las lesiones macrosc\u00f3picas intestinales mostr\u00f3 que todas las cepas, excepto CP5, pod\u00edan producir enteritis necr\u00f3tica, mientras que las cepas CP26 y CP64 produjeron lesiones relativamente m\u00e1s severas en comparaci\u00f3n con los otros grupos. Posteriormente, se evaluaron las respuestas celulares en las tonsilas cecales (CT), la bolsa de Fabricio y en el bazo de pollos infectados con cepas que representan variaciones en el nivel de virulencia, por ejemplo las cepas CP5 avirulenta, CP18 virulenta y la cepa CP26 relativamente m\u00e1s virulenta. El an\u00e1lisis de inmunofenotipado mostr\u00f3 que las frecuencias de los macr\u00f3fagos espl\u00e9nicos o de las tonsilas cecales fueron significativamente m\u00e1s altas en los pollos infectados con las cepas CP18 y CP26 en comparaci\u00f3n con los controles no infectados, mientras que las frecuencias de c\u00e9lulas T \u03b3d y c\u00e9lulas B en tonsilas cecales de los pollos infectados con la cepa CP26 fueron significativamente m\u00e1s altas que las de los pollos de los grupos no infectados, o infectados con las cepas CP5 o CP18. El an\u00e1lisis de c\u00e9lulas T mostr\u00f3 que los pollos infectados con las cepas CP18 y CP26 ten\u00edan un n\u00famero significativamente mayor de c\u00e9lulas espl\u00e9nicas T CD4+ y CD8+ que expresaban mol\u00e9culas de activaci\u00f3n CD44 y CD28, mientras que los pollos infectados con la cepa CP26 tambi\u00e9n ten\u00edan una frecuencia significativamente mayor en las tonsilas cecales de estas c\u00e9lulas T CD4+ y CD8+ activadas en comparaci\u00f3n con grupos no infectados o infectados con la cepa CP5. En conjunto, estos hallazgos sugirieron que las respuestas celulares, incluida la activaci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas T, se inducen selectivamente contra las cepas virulentas de C. perfringens y que las caracter\u00edsticas productoras de enteritis necr\u00f3tica de este pat\u00f3geno pueden influir en el resultado de la inmunidad contra la enteritis necr\u00f3tica.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1637\/aviandiseases-d-23-00012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T01:48:17Z","timestamp":1688003297000},"page":"186-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cellular Immune Responses in Lymphoid Tissues of Broiler Chickens Experimentally Infected with Necrotic Enteritis\u2013Producing Clostridium perfringens Strains"],"prefix":"10.1637","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Raveendra R.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC27607"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carissa","family":"Gaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC27607"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javid","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC27607"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shayan","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiolo Ontario Veterinar Colle e Universit of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada N1G 2W1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Taha-Abdelaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De artment of Animal and Veterinar Sciences Clemson Universit Clemson SC 29634"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1212","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JI Rood, V Adams, J Lacey, et al.  \"Anaerobe.\"  53, \"Expansion of the Clostridium perfringens toxin-based typing scheme.\" 5 (2018)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2018.04.011"},{"key":"29","unstructured":"JF Prescott, R Sivendra, DA Barnum,  \"Can Vet J.\"  19, \"The use of bacitracin in the prevention and treatment of experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis in the chicken.\" 181 (1978)"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I Zahoor, A Ghayas, A Basheer,  \"Mol Biol Rep.\"  45, \"Genetics and genomics of susceptibility and immune response to necrotic enteritis in chicken: a review.\" 31 (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-017-4138-8"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B Wade, AL Keyburn, V Haring, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  197, \"The adherent 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et al.  \"Avian Dis.\"  67, \"Immune response evaluation in commercial turkeys affected with clostridial dermatitis.\" 80 (2023)","DOI":"10.1637\/aviandiseases-D-22-00089"},{"key":"34","unstructured":"\"GraphPad Prism Software for Windows. version 9.5.1.\"  (2023)"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DI Petkov, EG Linnemann, DR Kapczynski, et al.  \"Avian Dis.\"  53, \"Identification and characterization of two distinct bursal B-cell subpopulations following infectious bursal disease virus infection of white leghorn chickens.\" 347 (2009)","DOI":"10.1637\/8456-082208-Reg.1"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TL Crippen, CL Sheffield, H He, et al.  \"Dev Comp Immunol.\"  27, \"Differential nitric oxide production by chicken immune cells.\" 603 (2003)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-305X(03)00035-1"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Khairallah, TH Chu, BS Sheridan,  \"Front Immunol.\"  9, \"Tissue adaptations of memory and 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Mackensen, et al.  \"Immunobiology.\"  205, \"Analysis of the immune response against tetanus toxoid: enumeration of specific T helper cells by the Elispot assay.\" 282 (2002)","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-2985-00131"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WD Rees  and TS Steiner  \"Eur J Immunol.\"  48, \"Adaptive immune response to Clostridium difficile infection: a perspective for prevention and therapy.\" 398 (2018)","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747295"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K Koskela, TP Arstila, O Lassila,  \"Scand J Immunol.\"  48, \"Costimulatory function of CD28 in avian \u03b3\u03b4 T cells is evolutionarily conserved.\" 635 (1998)","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1998.00441.x"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BJ Baaten, CR Li, MF Deiro, et al.  \"Immunity.\"  32, \"CD44 regulates survival and memory development in Th1 cells.\" 104 (2010)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.10.011"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Mortada, DE Cosby, G Akerele, et al.  \"PLOS ONE.\"  16, \"Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C).\" e0247080 (2021)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247080"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Lu, B Yuan, X Yan, et al.  \"Pathogens.\"  10, \"Clostridium perfringens-induced host-pathogen transcriptional changes in the small intestine of broiler chickens.\" 1607","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121607"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DT Siefker  and B Adkins  \"Front Pediatr.\"  4, \"Rapid CD8+ function is critical for protection of neonatal mice from an extracellular bacterial enteropathogen.\" 141 (2016)","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2016.00141"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FR Shepherd  and JE McLaren  \"Int J Mol Sci.\"  21, \"T cell immunity to bacterial pathogens: mechanisms of immune control and bacterial evasion.\" 6144 (2020)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176144"}],"container-title":["Avian Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/avian-diseases\/volume-67\/issue-2\/aviandiseases-D-23-00012\/Cellular-Immune-Responses-in-Lymphoid-Tissues-of-Broiler-Chickens-Experimentally\/10.1637\/aviandiseases-D-23-00012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T05:43:13Z","timestamp":1793425393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/avian-diseases\/volume-67\/issue-2\/aviandiseases-D-23-00012\/Cellular-Immune-Responses-in-Lymphoid-Tissues-of-Broiler-Chickens-Experimentally\/10.1637\/aviandiseases-D-23-00012.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1637\/aviandiseases-d-23-00012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-2086","1938-4351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-2086","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-4351","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]}}}