{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:54:45Z","timestamp":1791248085954,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 27-yr-old female pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) had two consecutive stillbirths with no overt signs of labor, suggestive of uterine inertia. After a third pregnancy was confirmed, an induction protocol was developed. Cloprostenol and betamethasone were administered on d 200 of gestation (time 0 h). Additional doses of cloprostenol were administered at 24 and 48 h and oxytocin at 30, 31, and 48 h. Each injection resulted in preparturient behavior without overt evidence of contractions. Fetal membranes presented at the vulva at 54.5 h after initial cloprostenol and betamethasone administration with no progression of labor. Transvaginal palpation and manual delivery of a live calf followed. Despite confirmed nursing, the serum glutaraldehyde coagulation test was negative. Failure of passive transfer may have been secondary to the induction protocol. The calf was treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents due to diarrhea, and clinical signs resolved. This clinical brief details the first known induction of parturition in a pygmy hippopotamus, which can serve as the basis for further development of the technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1638\/2023-0106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T05:38:05Z","timestamp":1725514685000},"page":"843-847","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["INDUCTION OF PARTURITION IN A PYGMY HIPPOPOTAMUS (CHOEROPSIS LIBERIENSIS)"],"prefix":"10.1638","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Brianne E.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Gradil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Baitchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1213","reference":[{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DM Weaver, JW Tyler, DC VanMetre, et al.  \"J Vet Intern Med.\"  14, \"Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in calves.\" 569 (2000)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02278.x"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Kristensen, M Vestergaard, K Wisborg, et al.  \"BJOG.\"  112, \"Pre-pregnancy weight and the risk of stillbirth and neonatal death.\" 403 (2005)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00437.x"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MR Brandon, AJ Husband, AK Lascelles,  \"Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci.\"  53, \"The effect of glucocorticoid on immunoglobulin secretion into colostrum in cows.\" 43 (1975)","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1975.4"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Braun,  \"Current therapy in large animal theriogenology.\"  \"Parturition and dystocia in the goat.\" 555 (2007)","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-072169323-1.50076-3"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G Cassar, RN Kirkwood, R Friendship, et al.  \"J Swine Health Prod.\"  13, \"Sow and litter performance following farrowing induction with prostaglandin: effect of adjunct treatments with dexamethasone or oxytocin.\" 81 (2005)","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/427"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R De Resis, R Saleri, P Tummarek, et al.  \"Theriogenology.\"  77, \"Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and control of reproduction in female swine: a review.\" 1 (2012)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.07.035"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GL Flacke, S Tkal\u010di\u0107, B Steck, et al.  \"Zoo Biol.\"  35, \"A retrospective analysis of mortality in captive pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) from 1912 to 2014.\" 556 (2016)","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21336"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AE Frias, TK Morgan, AE Evans, et al.  \"Endocrinology.\"  152, \"Maternal high-fat diet disturbs uteroplacental hemodynamics and increases the frequency of stillbirth in a nonhuman primate model of excess nutrition.\" 2456 (2011)","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1332"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Jacobson, M Bruce, PR Kenyon, et al.  \"Small Rumin Res.\"  192, \"A review of dystocia in sheep.\" 106209 (2020)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2020.106209"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AH Jobe, TJ Moss, I Nitsos, et al.  \"Am J Obstet Gynecol.\"  197, \"Betamethasone for lung maturation: testing dose and formulation in fetal sheep.\" 523 (2007)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.04.004"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"W. Noseir,  \"Mirror Res Vet Sci Anim.\"  2, \"Health and disorders of the pospartum bovine uterus: a literature review.\" 31 (2013)"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JM Pollock, K Miner, N Buzzell, et al.  \"Theriogenology.\"  172, \"Induction of parturition in a large number of pregnant dairy goats and its benefit as a management tool in commercial scale goat operation.\" 1 (2021)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2021.05.024"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P Tospitakkul, K Kraomkaew, K Thammansin, et al.  \"J Vet Med Sci.\"  81, \"Induction of parturition by double administration of prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in sows reduces the variation of gestation length without affecting the colostrum yield and piglet performance.\" 1334 (2019)","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.18-0725"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JL Vallet  and JR Miles  \"J Anim Sci.\"  95, \"The effect of farrowing on colostrum and piglet serum immunocrits is dependent on parity.\" 688 (2017)","DOI":"10.2527\/jas2016.0993"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"F von Houwald, C Wenker, G Flacke, et al.  \"EAZA best practice guidelines for the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis).\"  (2020)"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Walzer  and G. Stalder  \"Fowler's zoo and wild animal medicine.\"  8, \"Hippopotamidae (Hippopotamus).\" 584 (2015)","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-7397-8.00059-1"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VJ Taylor  and TB Poole  \"Zoo Biol.\"  17, \"Captive breeding and infant mortality in Asian elephants: a comparison between twenty western zoos and three eastern elephant centers.\" 311 (1998)","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2361(1998)17:4<311::AID-ZOO5>3.0.CO;2-C"}],"container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:17:49Z","timestamp":1791245869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-zoo-and-wildlife-medicine\/volume-55\/issue-3\/2023-0106\/INDUCTION-OF-PARTURITION-IN-A-PYGMY-HIPPOPOTAMUS-CHOEROPSIS-LIBERIENSIS\/10.1638\/2023-0106.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2023-0106","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-7260","1937-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-7260","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]}}}