{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:54:29Z","timestamp":1791248069896,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Twenty lesser chevrotains (Tragulus sp.), 10 males and 10 females, were anesthetized with a combination of butorphanol\u2013midazolam\u2013medetomidine (BMidM), to assess the efficacy of this protocol for short procedures in this genus. The animals received BMidM (0.32, 0.06, 0.15 mg\/kg, respectively) intramuscularly via hand injection. Physiological variables were recorded once the animals reached a working depth of anesthesia that lasted 30 min (range 12\u201360 min). At the end of the procedure, medetomidine and butorphanol were antagonized with atipamezole (0.75 mg\/kg) and naltrexone (0.3 mg\/kg) intramuscularly, respectively. Induction and recovery were 9.4 \u00b1 4.0 min and 10.2 \u00b1 4.1 min, respectively. Supplementation with isoflurane via face mask was required in five animals to reach light anesthesia. Times to reach the various stages of anesthesia were compared between sexes. There was no difference between males and females reaching the different stages of anesthesia, except for the time required to reach the ambulatory stage, in which females took a significantly longer time (11.8 min vs 7.8 min for the males) to stand after the injection of the antagonists (P = 0.02). Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, and peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation were similar between sexes and stable throughout the procedure. At the dosage tested BMidM was a reliable and safe protocol for short, minimally invasive procedures in lesser chevrotains with a fast induction and smooth recovery without complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1638\/2023-0115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T05:52:05Z","timestamp":1725515525000},"page":"730-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["EVALUATION OF A BUTORPHANOL\u2013MIDAZOLAM\u2013MEDETOMIDINE PROTOCOL FOR SHORT PROCEDURES IN LESSER CHEVROTAINS (TRAGULUS SP.)"],"prefix":"10.1638","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Douay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yirui","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Mathew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1213","reference":[{"key":"26","unstructured":"Agricultural Registers and Information Board. 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Widmann,  \"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.\"  \"Tragulus nigricans\" e.T22065A61977991 (2015)","DOI":"10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T22065A61977991.en"},{"key":"38","unstructured":"EA Zambricki  and LG D'Alecy  \"Comp Med Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci.\"  54, \"Rat sex differences in anesthesia.\" 49 (2004)"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N Caulkett  and JM Arnemo  \"Zoo animal and wildlife immobilization and anesthesia.\"  \"Cervids (deer).\" 823 (2014)","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118792919.ch59"}],"container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:18:09Z","timestamp":1791245889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-zoo-and-wildlife-medicine\/volume-55\/issue-3\/2023-0115\/EVALUATION-OF-A-BUTORPHANOLMIDAZOLAMMEDETOMIDINE-PROTOCOL-FOR-SHORT-PROCEDURES-IN-LESSER\/10.1638\/2023-0115.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2023-0115","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-7260","1937-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-7260","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]}}}