{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:51:48Z","timestamp":1791244308626,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Amyloidosis is the pathologic extracellular deposition of amyloid, a proteinaceous substance, in various tissues and organs. The most common form of amyloidosis in domestic animals is amyloid A amyloidosis, though amyloid light chain, amyloid \u03b2, and islet amyloid polypeptide amyloidosis have been documented. In reptiles, amyloidosis, or amyloid-like disorders, are considered rare. This research brief reviews an index case in a California kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula californiae) with amyloid-like deposition in the liver associated with fatal hepatic hematoma formation. In a review of 9,677 snakes in the archives of Northwest ZooPath from 1998 to 2019, 10 other cases (0.001%) of amyloid-like deposition in snakes were found, colubrids were overrepresented (n = 7; 64%), and most cases (n = 6; 54%) were greater than 15 yr of age at postmortem exam. Histologically, the liver was the most commonly affected organ (n = 10; 91%), with the kidney and heart affected less commonly. Amyloid-like material stained lightly positive with Congo red, was slightly positive with the periodic acid\u2013Schiff reaction and did not stain with Masson trichrome stain. Ultrastructurally, amyloid-like material was composed of unbranched 10.27- to 13.20-nm-wide fibrils. Two cases had concurrent neoplasia, and inflammation was noted histologically in seven total cases. Four of the cases had no evidence of concurrent inflammation. The data described here indicate that amyloidosis in reptiles may be an aging change and not necessarily associated with inflammation or other disease processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1638\/2024-0040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T04:24:22Z","timestamp":1741580662000},"page":"135-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["AN INVESTIGATION OF AN AMYLOID-LIKE DEPOSITION DISORDER IN REPTILES"],"prefix":"10.1638","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Sayrah","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anibal G.","family":"Armien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Garner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1213","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AG Armi\u00e9n, R Polon, D Rejmanek, et al.  \"Vet Pathol.\"  60, \"Outbreak of densovirus with high mortality in a commercial mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) farm: a molecular, bright-field, and electron microscopic characterization.\" 689 (2023)","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858231180488"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JA Beatty, VR Barrs, PA Martin, et al.  \"J Small Anim Pract.\"  43, \"Spontaneous hepatic rupture in six cats with systemic amyloidosis.\" 355 (2002)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2002.tb00086.x"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MD Benson, JN Buxbaum, DS Eisenberg, et al.  \"Amyloid.\"  27, \"Amyloid nomenclature 2020: update and recommendations by the International Society of Amyloidosis (ISA) nomenclature committee.\" 217 (2020)","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2020.1835263"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AS Blunden  and KIC Smith  \"J Small Anim Pract.\"  33, \"Generalized amyloidosis and acute liver hemorrhage in four cats.\" 566 (1992)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1992.tb01057.x"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RE Burns, PM Gaffney, KPR Nilsson, et al.  \"J Comp Pathol.\"  157, \"Systemic amyloidosis in an African tiger snake (Telescopus semiannulatus).\" 136 (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2017.07.001"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SP DiBartola  and MJ Tarr  \"J Comp Pathol.\"  96, \"Tissue distribution of amyloid deposits in Abyssinian cats with familial amyloidosis.\" 387 (1986)","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(86)90034-4"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SP DiBartola, MJ Tarr, MD Webb, et al.  \"J Am Vet Med Assoc.\"  197, \"Familial renal amyloidosis in Chinese Shar Pei dogs.\" 483 (1990)","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.197.04.483"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MM Garner, JT Raymond, TD O'Brien, et al.  \"J Zoo Wildl Med.\"  38, \"Amyloidosis in the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes).\" 32 (2007)","DOI":"10.1638\/06-023.1"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Gruys,  \"Dev Comp Immunol.\"  3, \"A comparative approach to secondary amyloidosis: minireview.\" 23 (1971)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-305X(79)80003-8"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Gruys,  \"J Zhejiang Univ Sci.\"  5, \"Protein folding pathology in domestic animals.\" 1226 (2004)","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2004.1226"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AJ Howie  and DB Brewer  \"Micron.\"  40, \"Optical properties of amyloid stained by Congo red: history and mechanisms.\" 285 (2009)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2008.10.002"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"G Husby, G Marhaug, K Sletten,  \"Cancer Res.\"  42, \"Amyloid A in systemic amyloidosis associated with cancer.\" 1600 (1982)"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RP. Linke,  \"Virchows Arch.\"  436, \"Highly sensitive diagnosis of amyloid and various amyloid syndromes using Congo red fluorescence.\" 439 (2000)","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050471"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HB Penticoff, HK Hipkiss, AA Hetak, et al.  \"Amyloid.\"  28, \"Survey of amyloidosis cases among different free-living wild and zoo animals.\" 145 (2021)","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2021.1940931"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T Shirahama  and AS Cohen  \"J Cell Biol.\"  33, \"High-resolution electron microscopic analysis of the amyloid fibril.\" 679 (1967)","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.33.3.679"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JD Sipe, MD Benson, JN Buxbaum, et al.  \"Amyloid.\"  21, \"Nomenclature 2014: amyloid fibril proteins and clinical classification of the amyloidosis.\" 221 (2014)","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2014.964858"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"MH van Rijswijk  and CW van Heusden  \"Am J Pathol.\"  97, \"The potassium permanganate method. A reliable method for differentiating amyloid AA from other forms of amyloid in routine laboratory practice.\" 43 (1979)"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Woldemeskel,  \"Vet Med Int.\"  \"A concise review if amyloidosis in animals.\" (2012)","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/427296"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B Zhang, Y Une, F Ge, et al.  \"J Hered.\"  99, \"Characterization of the cheetah serum amyloid A1 gene: critical role and functional polymorphism of a Cis-acting element.\" 355 (2008)","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esn015"}],"container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:54:40Z","timestamp":1791240880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-zoo-and-wildlife-medicine\/volume-56\/issue-1\/2024-0040\/AN-INVESTIGATION-OF-AN-AMYLOID-LIKE-DEPOSITION-DISORDER-IN-REPTILES\/10.1638\/2024-0040.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2024-0040","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-7260","1937-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-7260","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]}}}