{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:54:29Z","timestamp":1791240869641,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Management of dental disease in non-domestic felids under managed care is integral to their overall health and welfare. Accurate evaluation of dental disease by zoo clinicians improves patient care and can influence the decision to utilize dental specialists to assist with complex procedures. Additionally, dental disease frequently occurs subgingivally and cannot be detected without the aid of dental radiography and\/or advanced imaging, such as CT. This study aimed to describe the frequency and types of dental pathology observed in a cohort of 15 tigers (Panthera tigris) from a sanctuary, determine the interexaminer agreement between a zoological medicine house officer and a board-certified veterinary dentist and identify subgingival lesions via CT imaging and correlate those findings to oral examinations. Abrasions, complicated crown fractures (CCFx), dental calculus, and periodontal pocketing were all observed in more than half of the individuals on dental examination and exhibited moderate or better interexaminer agreement based on statistical analysis. CT scans revealed alveolar bone loss (ABL) and periapical lysis (PL) most commonly in these same cats. PL was significantly positively correlated with CCFx (r = 0.45, P &lt; 0.0001). These findings confirmed that dental trauma is the most common etiology for dental pathology in this population of tigers and that for most types of dental pathology observed, the zoological medicine house officer and veterinary dentist exhibited moderate agreement or better. Additionally, CT was useful for identifying subgingival lesions such as ABL and PL and may be an important diagnostic tool in cases of CCFx in tigers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1638\/2024-0100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T09:00:09Z","timestamp":1759309209000},"page":"568-576","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["DENTAL AND ORAL PATHOLOGY IN TIGERS (PANTHERA TIGRIS) BASED ON ORAL EXAMINATION AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY"],"prefix":"10.1638","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Ellis M.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad W.","family":"Lothamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constance","family":"Fazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Cushing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1213","reference":[{"key":"1","unstructured":"DG. Altman,  \"Practical statistics for medical research.\"  (1999)"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"\"American Veterinary Dental College Nomenclature.\""},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Collados, C Garcia, CA Rice,  \"J Vet Dent.\"  35, \"Dental pathology of the Iberian Lynx (Lynx pardinus), part I: congenital, developmental, and traumatic abnormalities.\" 195 (2018)","DOI":"10.1177\/0898756418793578"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Collados, C Garcia, M Soltero-Rivera, et al.  \"J Vet Dent.\"  35, \"Dental pathology of the Iberian Lynx (Lynx pardinus), part II: periodontal disease, tooth resorption, and oral neoplasia.\" 209 (2018)","DOI":"10.1177\/0898756418794022"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DH DeForge  and AL Golden  \"J Vet Dent.\"  14, \"Use of videofluoroscopy in zoo dentistry: endodontic procedure in a tiger.\" 31 (1997)","DOI":"10.1177\/089875649701400102"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P Emily  and ER Eisner  \"Carnivore Dental Therapy, in Zoo and Wild Animal Dentistry.\"  2021, 29","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119545804.ch5"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"DA. Fagan,  \"Diet Consistency and Periodontal Disease in Exotic Carnivores.\"  (1980)"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"RS Fecchio, MS Gomes, FM Lopes, et al.  \"Clin Vet.\"  14, \"Fibromatous epulis oral in tiger (Panthera tigris)\u2014case report.\" 58 (2009)"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RS Fecchio, MS Gomes, JG Xavier, et al.  \"J Vet Dent.\"  32, \"Maxillary calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor in a siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica).\" 120 (2015)","DOI":"10.1177\/089875641503200206"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LI Haberstroh, DE Ullrey, JG Sikarski, et al.  \"J Zoo Animal Med.\"  15, 142 (1984)","DOI":"10.2307\/20094710"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CE. Harvey,  \"History of Veterinary Dentistry, Including Development of Oral and Dental Treatment of Wild and Zoo.\"  \"Safari Park and Refuge Animals\" 1 (2021)","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119545804.ch1"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E Kopp, P Stelzer, C Lendl, et al.  \"J Vet Dent.\"  40, \"Evaluation of Dental and Oral Pathologies of 36 Captive Lions (Panthera leo) and Tigers (Panthera tigris).\" 314 (2023)","DOI":"10.1177\/08987564231159805"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"HE Kortegaard, J Qvist, CG Nielsen, et al.  \"J Vet Dent.\"  20, \"Endodontic treatment of a tiger.\" 149 (2003)","DOI":"10.1177\/089875640302000304"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BA. Niemiec,  \"Top Companion Anim Med.\"  23, \"Periodontal disease.\" 72 (2008)","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2008.02.003"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z Pavlica, M Petelin, P Juntes, et al.  \"J Vet Dent.\"  25, \"Periodontal disease burden and pathological changes in organs of dogs.\" 97 (2008)","DOI":"10.1177\/089875640802500210"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R Perry  and C Tutt  \"J Feline Med Surg.\"  17, \"Periodontal disease in cats: Back to basics\u2014with an eye on the future.\" 45 (2015)","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X14560099"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LA Schneider, IA Jimenez, EEV Crouch, et al.  \"J Zoo Wildl Med.\"  51, \"Dental diseases and other oral pathologies of captive jaguars (Panthera Onca) from Belize, Central America.\" 856 (2021)","DOI":"10.1638\/2019-0222"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KL Scott, MM Garner, BG Murphy, et al.  \"Vet Pathol.\"  57, \"Oral lesions in captive nondomestic felids with a focus on odontogenic lesions.\" 880 (2020)","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985820943539"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K Shay,  \"Clin Infect Dis.\"  34, \"Infectious Complications of Dental and Periodontal Diseases in the Elderly Population.\" 1215 (2002)","DOI":"10.1086\/339865"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A van Foreest  and J Roeters  \"J Vet Dent.\"  14, \"Restorative dental treatments of abraded canine teeth in a Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae).\" 131 (1997)","DOI":"10.1177\/089875649701400402"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KM Vosburgh, RB Barbiers, JG Sikarski, et al.  \"J Zoo Animal Med.\"  13, \"A Soft Versus Hard Diet and Oral Health in Captive Timber Wolves (Canis lupus).\" 104 (1982)","DOI":"10.2307\/20094590"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Wallis  and LJ Holcombe  \"J Small Anim Pract.\"  61, \"A review of the frequency and impact of periodontal disease in dogs.\" 529 (2020)","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13218"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NX West, A Lussi, J Seong, et al.  \"Clin Oral Invest.\"  17, \"Dentin hypersensitivity: pain mechanisms and aetiology of exposed cervical dentin.\" 9 (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-012-0887-x"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Whitten, L Vogelnest, R D'Arcy, et al.  \"J Zoo Wildl Med.\"  50, \"A retrospective study of reported disorders of the oral cavity in large felids in Australian zoos.\" 16 (2019)","DOI":"10.1638\/2016-0170"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V Kapoor, T Antonelli, JA Parkinson, et al.  \"Res Vet Sci.\"  107, \"Oral health correlates of captivity.\" 213 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2016.06.009"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G Steenkamp, SC Boy, PJ van Staden, et al.  \"J Comp Pathol.\"  158, \"Oral, maxillofacial and dental diseases in captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus).\" 77 (2018)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2017.12.004"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BB Norton, D Tunseth, K Holder, et al.  \"J Zoo Biol.\"  37, \"Causes of morbidity in captive African lions (Panthera leo) in North America, 2001\u20132016.\" 354 (2018)","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.21435"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TK Koo  and MY Li  \"J Chiropr Med.\"  15, \"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research.\" 155 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"}],"container-title":["Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:16:12Z","timestamp":1791238572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-zoo-and-wildlife-medicine\/volume-56\/issue-3\/2024-0100\/DENTAL-AND-ORAL-PATHOLOGY-IN-TIGERS-PANTHERA-TIGRIS-BASED-ON\/10.1638\/2024-0100.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2024-0100","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-7260","1937-2825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-7260","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-2825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}}}