{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:57:19Z","timestamp":1791244639713,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cysto-biliary fistulas are commonly diagnosed, either before or after surgical intervention, in patients with enlarged or advanced-stage hydatid cysts (HCs). Analysis of cystic contents in these patients shows that diminished scolex vitality is more common in patients with cysto-biliary fistulas. This study aims to demonstrate the scolicidal effects of bile on Echinococcus granulosus (EG) scolices at various bile concentrations and over specific periods. The time- and concentration-based scolicidal potency was analyzed in EG scolex samples obtained from HC patients. The integrity of the cyst wall and the scolicidal effect of the contents were evaluated using a vital staining technique with 0.1% eosin. Bile samples were collected from patients with cholelithiasis who were scheduled for surgery. Scolicidal efficacy of 100% was observed in all samples at the 1\/4 bile concentration after 10 min and at the 1\/8 concentration after 60 min. At a 1\/16 concentration, scolicidal efficacy was 66% at 1 min, 89% at 10 min, 93% at 30 min, and 98% at 60 min. At a 1\/32 bile concentration, scolicidal efficacy was 59% at 1 min, 68% at 10 min, 89% at 30 min, and 95% t 60 min. At a 1\/64 concentration, the scolicidal efficacy was 53% at 1 min, 58% at 10 min, 77% at 30 min, and 93% at 60 min. After 1 hr, reasonable scolicidal efficacy was determined up to a 1\/64 concentration; however, significant decreases in scolicidal efficacy were observed at 1\/128 and 1\/256 bile concentrations. Theoretically, bile, which is an endogenous secretion, can be used as a suitable and potent scolicidal agent. This study lays the groundwork for future in vivo clinical trials utilizing synthetic bile acids for scolicidal purposes or for studies evaluating the scolicidal effects of bile in patients who develop cysto-biliary fistulas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1645\/24-111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T03:02:41Z","timestamp":1739415761000},"page":"64-69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Scolicidal Potency of Bile Against Echinococcus granulosus"],"prefix":"10.1645","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2434-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130sa Caner","family":"Ayd\u0131n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health Zonguldak Atat\u00fcrk State Hospital, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 67030, Zonguldak, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noyan","family":"\u0130lhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, Department of General Surgery, 34865, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"\u015eeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences, Adana City Hospital, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 01370, Adana, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cem Batuhan","family":"Ofluo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Dr. \u0130lhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, 34785, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u0131rat","family":"M\u00fclk\u00fct","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences, Sancaktepe Dr. \u0130lhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, 34785, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuri Emrah","family":"G\u00f6ret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health Bakircay University \u0130zmir \u00c7i\u011fli Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, 35620, \u0130zmir, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenan","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c7anakkale 18 Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, 17020, \u00c7anakkale, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erdal","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"Ayg\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan Fehmi","family":"K\u00fcc\u00fck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, Department of General Surgery, 34865, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1220","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Besim, K. Karayalcin, O. Hamamci, et al.  \"HPB Surgery.\"  10, \"Scolicidal agents in hydatid cyst surgery.\" 347 (1998)","DOI":"10.1155\/1998\/78170"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J. L. Boyer,  \"Comprehensive Physiology.\"  3, \"Bile formation and secretion.\" 1035 (2013)","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c120027"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Y. Chiang,  \"Journal of Hepatology.\"  40, \"Regulation of bile acid synthesis: Pathways, nuclear receptors, and mechanisms.\" 539 (2004)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2003.11.006"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Dinakar Reddy  and A. Thota  \"International Surgery Journal.\"  6, \"Cysto-biliary communication (CBC) in hepatic hydatidosis: Predictors, management and outcome.\" 61 (2018)","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-2902.isj20185084"},{"key":"5","unstructured":"J. Eckert, M. A. Gemmell, F.-X. Meslin, et al.  \"WHO\/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern.\"  280 (2001)"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"S. H. Gholami, B. Rahimi-Esboei, M. A. Ebrahimzadeh, et al.  \"European Review for Medical Pharmacological Sciences.\"  17, \"In vitro effect of Sambucus ebulus on scolices of hydatid cysts.\" 1760 (2013)"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Goksoy, M. Saklak, K. Saribeyoglu, et al.  \"Chirurg.\"  79, \"Surgery for Echinococcus cysts in the liver.\" 729 (2008)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00104-008-1521-y"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Kayaalp, M. Balkan, C. Aydin, et al.  \"World Journal of Surgery.\"  25, \"Hypertonic saline in hydatid disease.\" 975 (2001)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-001-0065-9"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Kayaalp, B. Bostanci, S. 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Wang, et al.  \"Hepatology.\"  47, \"Coordinate regulation of gallbladder motor function in the gut-liver axis.\" 2112 (2008)","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22204"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J. M. Ramia, J. Figueras, R. De La Plaza, et al.  \"Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.\"  397, \"Cysto-biliary communication in liver hydatidosis.\" 881 (2012)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-012-0926-8"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Shi, Y. Lei, B. Wang, et al.  \"Experimental Parasitology.\"  167, \"Protoscolicidal effects of chenodeoxycholic acid on protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus.\" 76 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2016.05.004"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. Sonisik, A. Korkmaz, H. Besim, et al.  \"British Journal of Surgery.\"  85, \"Efficacy of cetrimide-chlorhexidine combination in surgery for hydatid cyst.\" 1277 (1998)","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00823.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:35:06Z","timestamp":1791243306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-parasitology\/volume-111\/issue-1\/24-111\/Scolicidal-Potency-of-Bile-Against-Echinococcus-granulosus\/10.1645\/24-111.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1645\/24-111","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3395","1937-2345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3395","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-2345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]}}}