{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:56:31Z","timestamp":1791244591389,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxoplasma gondii is a coccidian parasite capable of infecting humans and other warm-blooded animals, with approximately 30% of the world's population chronically infected. Workers who handle animals occupationally, such as veterinarians in small-animal practices, are at a higher risk of infection. Common risk factors among these workers include contact with cats and other animals in a clinical setting. For this reason, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibodies among small-animal veterinary personnel in Veracruz, Mexico. Blood samples were collected from 133 healthy individuals and examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A detailed survey on work activities was conducted. The findings showed a 2.2% positive rate for specific anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies and a 0% rate for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies, which underscores the need for further preventive educational programs to reduce exposure to T. gondii infection in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1645\/24-84r2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T22:57:11Z","timestamp":1741647431000},"page":"109-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII ANTIBODIES AMONG SMALL-ANIMAL VETERINARY PERSONNEL IN VERACRUZ, MEXICO"],"prefix":"10.1645","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Jannete","family":"Gamboa-Prieto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, M\u00e9xico, 91697."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Guadalupe","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Bioan\u00e1lisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, M\u00e9xico, 91700."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sokani","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico, 06720."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo Gabriel","family":"Ballados-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, M\u00e9xico, 91697."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Arturo","family":"Ortiz-Carbajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Bioan\u00e1lisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, M\u00e9xico, 91700."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3177-8320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Bravo-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Bioan\u00e1lisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, M\u00e9xico, 91700."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1220","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Almeida, J. Quirino, P. Matos, et al.  \"Pathogens.\"  11, \"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in individuals occupationally exposed to livestock in Portugal.\" 603 (2022)","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11050603"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C. Alvarado-Esquivel, O. Liesenfeld, Estrada-Mart\u00ednez S., et al.  \"Occupational Medicine.\"  61, \"Toxoplasma gondii infection in workers occupationally exposed to raw meat.\" 265 (2011)","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqr032"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. S. Aly, H. S. Kim, Y. M. Marei, et al.  \"International Journal of Nanomedicine.\"  \"Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis using surface antigen grade 1 detection by ELISA, Nano-Gold ELISA, and PCR in pregnant women.\" 1335 (2023)","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S401876"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. Attias, D. E. Teixeira, M. Benchimol, et al.  \"Parasites & Vectors.\"  13, \"The life-cycle of Toxoplasma gondii reviewed using animations.\" 588 (2020)","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04445-z"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"G. J. Brandon-Mong, Che Mat Seri N. A. A., R. S. K. Sharma, et al.  \"Frontiers in Immunology.\"  6, \"Seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis among people having close contact with animals.\" 143 (2015)","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00143"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"H. A. Dabritz  and P. A. Conrad  \"Scientia Medica.\"  20, \"Evaluation of an educational handout on knowledge about toxoplasmosis.\" 51 (2010)","DOI":"10.15448\/1980-6108.2010.1.5890"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K. Hatam-Nahavandi, Calero-Bernal R., M. T. Rahimi, et al.  \"Scientific Reports.\"  11, \"Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic and wild felids as public health concerns: A systematic review and meta-analysis.\" 9509 (2021)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89031-8"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"I. Hernandez-Cortazar, Acosta-Viana K. Y., Ortega-Pacheco A., et al.  \"Revista do Instituto do Medicina Tropical de S\u00e3o Paulo.\"  57, \"Toxoplasmosis in Mexico: Epidemiological situation in humans and animals.\" 93 (2015)","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652015000200001"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. Karakavuk, H. Can, A. \u00c7eltik, et al.  \"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology.\"  49, \"Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from humans living in \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye.\" 100571 (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2024.100571"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. N. Karshima  and M. N. Karshima  \"BMC Public Health.\"  20, \"Human Toxoplasma gondii infection in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 1960 and 2019.\" 1 (2020)","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09015-7"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. T. Y. Lazar, Al-Ammash M. S. J., K. S. Abass,  \"Plant Archives.\"  21, \"Toxoplasma gondii: Life cycle, pathogenesis, immune response: A review.\" 1057 (2021)","DOI":"10.51470\/PLANTARCHIVES.2021.v21.S1.163"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V. Lizana, C. Gort\u00e1zar, A. Muniesa, et al.  \"Research in Veterinary Science.\"  141, \"Human and environmental factors driving Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild boar (Sus scrofa).\" 56 (2021)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2021.10.007"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. Mardani-Kataki, M. Beiromvand, A. 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Bednarska, Caraballo Cort\u00e9s K., et al.  \"Journal of Clinical Medicine.\"  11, \"Seronegative infection with Toxoplasma gondii in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients and in blood donors.\" 638 (2022)","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030638"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. Sang-Eun, S. H. Hong, Y. I. Jeong, et al.  \"Veterinary Parasitology.\"  203, \"Cross-sectional analysis of the seropositivity and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among veterinarians, in relation to their public professional activities.\" 29 (2014)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.01.001"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. M. Siponen, P. M. Kinnunen, J. 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Nishikawa,  \"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.\"  10, \"Review on the current trends of toxoplasmosis serodiagnosis in humans.\" 204 (2020)","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00204"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Almeria  and J. P. Dubey  \"Research in Veterinary Science.\"  135, \"Foodborne transmission of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the last decade. An overview.\" 371 (2021)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2020.10.019"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:30:00Z","timestamp":1791243000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-parasitology\/volume-111\/issue-2\/24-84R2\/SEROPREVALENCE-OF-TOXOPLASMA-GONDII-ANTIBODIES-AMONG-SMALL-ANIMAL-VETERINARY-PERSONNEL\/10.1645\/24-84R2.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1645\/24-84r2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3395","1937-2345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3395","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-2345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]}}}