{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:33:03Z","timestamp":1793449983460,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Association of Avian Veterinarians (AAV)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this investigation was to determine radiographic measurements, without chemical restraint, of the cardiac silhouette in 34 healthy, adult blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) of unknown sex with a mean body weight of 393 g. The birds were fasted 3 hours before the radiographic examinations. Three thoracic radiographic views (ventrodorsal, right lateral, and left lateral) were obtained from each bird for assessment. There was no significant statistical difference between right and left radiographic measurements. The mean values of the measurements in the ventrodorsal views were heart width of 21.04 mm and coelomic cavity width of 50.61 mm. The mean values of the measurements in the lateral views were left heart length of 23.44 mm, right heart length of 23.40 mm, left sternal length of 65.69 mm, and right sternal length of 65.03 mm. A strong correlation and ratio of 43% between the heart width and coelomic cavity width and a moderate correlation and ratio of 36% between the heart length and sternal length were observed. In conclusion, the radiographic measurements of the cardiac silhouette in healthy blue-fronted Amazon parrots can be obtained without chemical restraint. The values obtained can be used to assist in the detection of cardiomegaly or microcardia in blue-fronted Amazon parrots.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1647\/1082-6742-34.1.26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]],"date-time":"2020-03-29T02:13:53Z","timestamp":1585448033000},"page":"26-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Radiographic Measurements of the Cardiac Silhouette in Healthy Blue-Fronted Amazon Parrots (Amazona aestiva)"],"prefix":"10.1647","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jeana P.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria C. R.","family":"Castiglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danuta P.","family":"Doiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel C.","family":"Vettorato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica L.","family":"Foga\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Mamprim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila C.","family":"Rahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz C.","family":"Vulcano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1222","reference":[{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RE Schmidt, DR Reavill, DN Phalen,  \"Pathology of Pet and Aviary Birds.\"  ,  (2015)","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118828007"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H Rettmer, A Deb, R Watson,  \"J Avian Med Surg.\"  25, \"Radiographic measurement of internal organs in Spix's macaws (Cyanopsitta spixii).\" 254 (2011)","DOI":"10.1647\/2009-062.1"},{"key":"16","unstructured":"CS Hanley, HG Murray, S Torrey, et al.  \"J Avian Med Surg.\"  11, \"Establishing cardiac measurement standards in three avian species.\" 15 (1997)"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AR Barbon, S Smith, N Forbes,  \"J Avian Med Surg.\"  24, \"Radiographic evaluation of cardiac size in four falconiform species.\" 222 (2010)","DOI":"10.1647\/2008-041.1"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Straub, M Pees, ME Krautwald-Junghanns,  \"J Am Vet Med Assoc.\"  221, \"Measurement of the cardiac silhouette in psittacines.\" 76 (2002)","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.221.76"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Velayati, A Mirshahi, J Razmyar, et al.  \"J Zoo Wildl Med.\"  46, \"Radiographic reference limits for cardiac width of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).\" 34 (2015)","DOI":"10.1638\/2013-0225R4.1"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JT Lumeij, MA Shaik, M Ali,  \"J Am Vet Med Assoc.\"  238, \"Radiographic reference limits for cardiac width in peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus).\" 1459 (2011)","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.238.11.1459"},{"key":"1","unstructured":"M Pees, ME Krautwald-Junghanns, J Straub,  \"Clinical Avian Medicine. Vol 1.\"  , \"Evaluating and treating the cardiovascular system.\" 379 (2006)"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Wit  and NJ Schoemaker  \"Semin Avian Exot Pet Med.\"  14, \"Clinical approach to avian cardiac disease.\" 6 (2005)","DOI":"10.1053\/j.saep.2005.12.004"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Pees  and ME Krautwald-Junghanns  \"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract.\"  12, \"Cardiovascular physiology and diseases of pet birds.\" 81 (2009)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2008.08.003"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"ACB Pinto, CAB Lorigados, LS Arnaut,  \"Tratado de Animais Selvagens.\"  , \"Radiologia em r\u00e9pteis, aves e roedores de companhia.\" 1654 (2014)"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"CS. Farrow,  \"Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging: Birds, Exotic Pets, and Wildlife.\"  ,  (2009)"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BJ Smith, SA Smith, K Flammer,  \"Vet Radiol.\"  31, \"The normal xeroradiographic and radiographic anatomy of the orange-winged Amazon parrot (Amazona amazonica amazonica).\" 114 (1990)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1990.tb01849.x"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"et al.  \"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016.\"  , \"Amazona aestiva.\"  ()"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JM. Forshaw,  \"Parrots of the World.\"  ,  (2010)","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400836208"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"NJ. Collar,  \"Handbook of the Birds of the World: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos.\"  , \"Family Psittacidae (parrots).\" 280 (1997)"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FA. Hartman,  \"Condor.\"  57, \"Heart weight in birds.\" 211 (1955)","DOI":"10.2307\/1365087"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A Strunk  and GH Wilson  \"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract.\"  6, \"Avian cardiology.\" 1 (2003)","DOI":"10.1016\/S1094-9194(02)00031-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:01:41Z","timestamp":1793448101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-avian-medicine-and-surgery\/volume-34\/issue-1\/1082-6742-34.1.26\/Radiographic-Measurements-of-the-Cardiac-Silhouette-in-Healthy-Blue-Fronted\/10.1647\/1082-6742-34.1.26.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1647\/1082-6742-34.1.26","relation":{},"ISSN":["1082-6742","1938-2871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1082-6742","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2871","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]]}}}