{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:33:05Z","timestamp":1793442785319,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Association of Avian Veterinarians (AAV)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 25-year-old, male, sanctuary-owned, South African ostrich (Struthio camelus australis) was evaluated for orbital emphysema after evisceration of a nonvisual and chronically irritated eye. On initial ophthalmic examination, the ostrich's left eye displayed severe corneal fibrosis, broad anterior synechia, and a shallow anterior chamber, all suggestive of a previous corneal perforation. Conjunctival hyperemia and eyelid crusts were also present, reportedly associated with chronic rubbing. Evisceration of the left eye was performed by excising the eyelid margins, conjunctiva, nictitans, cornea, and intraocular contents. Four weeks postoperatively, a nonpainful, fluctuant swelling of the surgical site was noted. Trocarization of the surgical site verified orbital emphysema and served to temporarily decompress the orbit. Orbital emphysema reoccurred within 48 hours but gradually regressed without intervention over the subsequent 9 months. A Jones test was performed in the healthy, right eye and demonstrated clear communication to the oropharynx. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an evisceration performed on an ostrich and the first reported case of orbital emphysema in any avian species. It is probable that the emphysema noted in this case was secondary to nasolacrimal duct-oropharynx communication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1647\/1082-6742-34.4.396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T10:12:45Z","timestamp":1608199965000},"page":"396-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Self-limiting Orbital Emphysema Following Ocular Evisceration and Demonstration of Nasolacrimal-Oropharyngeal Communication in a South African Ostrich (Struthio camelus australis)"],"prefix":"10.1647","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Callie M.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Blue-McLendon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin M.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucien V.","family":"Vallone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1222","reference":[{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KA Diehl  and JA McKinnon  \"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract.\"  19, \"Eye removal surgeries in exotic pets.\" 245 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2015.08.003"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CJ Murphy, DE Brooks, TJ Kern,  \"J Am Vet Med Assoc.\"  183, \"Enucleation in birds of prey.\" 1234 (1983)","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.183.11.1234"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Murray, S Pizzirani, F Tseng,  \"J Avian Med Surg.\"  27, \"A technique for evisceration as an alternative to enucleation in birds of prey: 19 cases.\" 120 (2013)","DOI":"10.1647\/2012-007"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"HJ Featherstone  and CL Heinrich  \"Vet Ophthalmol.\"  2, \"Ophthalmic examination and diagnostics, part 1: the eye examination and diagnostic procedures.\" 533 (2013)"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DD Dees, AM Knollinger, NE MacLaren,  \"Vet Ophthalmol.\"  14, \"Modified evisceration technique in a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos).\" 341 (2011)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2011.00909.x"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MP Jones, KE Pierce, D Ward,  \"J Exotic Pet Med.\"  16, \"Avian vision: a review of form and function with special consideration to birds of prey.\" 69 (2007)","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jepm.2007.03.012"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"B Grahn  and J Wolfer  \"Can Vet J.\"  34, \"Diagnostic ophthalmology.\" 636 (1993)"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L Meomartino, MP Pasolini, F Lamagna,  \"Vet Ophthalmol.\"  18, \"Dacryocystography in a cat with orbital pneumatosis.\" 160 (2015)","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12110"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PGC. 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Heard,  \"Semin Avian Exotic Pet Med.\"  6, \"Avian respiratory anatomy and physiology.\" 172 (1997)","DOI":"10.1016\/S1055-937X(97)80002-3"}],"container-title":["Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1793441039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-avian-medicine-and-surgery\/volume-34\/issue-4\/1082-6742-34.4.396\/Self-limiting-Orbital-Emphysema-Following-Ocular-Evisceration-and-Demonstration-of\/10.1647\/1082-6742-34.4.396.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1647\/1082-6742-34.4.396","relation":{},"ISSN":["1082-6742","1938-2871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1082-6742","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2871","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]}}}