{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T09:36:04Z","timestamp":1793439364982,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Association of Avian Veterinarians (AAV)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 7-month-old, male Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus), housed in an outdoor exhibit, developed acute neurologic signs that progressed to death over 2 days. On gross examination, the bird had congested, edematous lungs, and cerebellar hemorrhage. Histologic examination identified granulomatous pneumonia and encephalitis, with thrombosis and eosinophilic, branching fungal hyphae that had invaded the meningeal vessel walls. Polymerase chain reaction identified the fungus in the brain as Rhizomucor pusillus, an uncommon cause of mucormycosis. This organism has previously been reported in respiratory, skeletal, and sino-orbital lesions of avian species. This clinical report describes meningoencephalitis associated with Rhizomucor pusillus in a penguin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1647\/1082-6742-35.1.86","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T23:10:41Z","timestamp":1618960241000},"page":"86-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fatal Meningoencephalitis From a Rhizomucor pusillus Infection in a Juvenile Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus)"],"prefix":"10.1647","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kathlyn","family":"Reed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadie","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Wolking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Garner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1222","reference":[{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B Jacob, BM Debey, D Bradway,  \"Vet Pathol.\"  43, \"Spinal intradural Mycobacterium haemophilum granuloma in an American bison (Bison bison).\" 998 (2006)","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.43-6-998"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A Espinel-ingroff, LA Oakley, TM Kerkering,  \"Mycopathologia.\"  97, \"Opportunistic zygomycotic infections: a literature review.\" 33 (1987)","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00437328"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PC Iwen, AG Freifeld, L Sigler, et al.  \"J Clin Microbiol.\"  43, \"Molecular identification of Rhizomucor pusillus as a cause of sinus-orbital zygomycosis in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia.\" 5819 (2005)","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.11.5819-5821.2005"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CH Bigland, FE Graesser, KS Pennifold,  \"Avian Dis.\"  5, \"An osteolytic Mucor mycosis in a penguin.\" 367 (1961)","DOI":"10.2307\/1587767"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F Suzuta, K Kimura, R Urakawa,  \"J Vet Med Sci.\"  77, \"Variations in the morphology of Rhizomucor pusillus in granulomatous lesions of a Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus).\" 1029 (2015)","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.14-0527"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CJ Orcutt  and TE Bartick  \"J Assoc Avian Vet.\"  8, \"Mucormycotic meningoencephalitis and pneumonia in a chattering lory (Lorius garrulus).\" 85 (1994)","DOI":"10.2307\/27671123"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MT Martin-Gomez, N Valenzuela-Lopez, JF Cano-Lira,  \"Clin Microbiol Infect.\"  25, \"Knufia epidermidis: a rare finding in a paediatric dermatological sample.\" 65 (2019)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.08.006"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P Abliz, K Fukushima, K Takizawa, et al.  \"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol.\"  40, \"Identification of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi and related taxa based on large subunit ribosomal DNA D1\/D2 domain sequence analysis.\" 41 (2004)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(03)00275-X"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"RG. Dalhausen,  \"Clinical Avian Medicine. Vol II.\"  , \"Implications of mycoses in clinical disorders.\" 691 (2006)"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"JL Huggins, DM Lambourn, SA Raverty,  \"Proc Int Assoc Aquat Anim Med.\"  , \"Mucormycosis: an emerging disease in marine mammals of the Pacific Northwest.\" 9 (2018)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T09:24:33Z","timestamp":1793438673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-avian-medicine-and-surgery\/volume-35\/issue-1\/1082-6742-35.1.86\/Fatal-Meningoencephalitis-From-a-Rhizomucor-pusillus-Infection-in-a-Juvenile\/10.1647\/1082-6742-35.1.86.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1647\/1082-6742-35.1.86","relation":{},"ISSN":["1082-6742","1938-2871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1082-6742","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2871","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]}}}