{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T04:22:30Z","timestamp":1793593350257,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Radiation Research Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Stem cell responses in tissues after exposure to radiation are of significance for maintaining tissue functions. From the point of view of stem cell characteristics, this article seeks to illustrate some contributions of microbeam research to spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT), such as grid radiotherapy and microbeam radiotherapy. Although the tissue-sparing response after SFRT was first reported more than a century ago, current radiation dose\u2013volume metrics are still unable to accurately predict such tissue-level changes in response to spatially fractionated radiation fields. However, microbeam approaches could contribute to uncovering the mechanisms of tissue response, significantly improving the outcomes of SFRT and reducing its adverse effects. Studies with microbeams have shown that the testicular tissue-sparing effect for maintaining spermatogenesis after exposure to spatially fractionated radiation depends on biological parameters, such as the radiation dose distribution at the microscale level for tissue-specific stem cells and the microenvironment, or niche. This indicates that stem cell survival, migration, and repopulation are involved in the tissue-level changes during or after SFRT. The illustration of microbeam applications in this article focuses on the stem cell migration as a possible mechanism of the tissue-sparing effect for preserving functionality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1667\/rade-21-00134.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T14:58:43Z","timestamp":1631113123000},"page":"680-685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Stem Cell Migration: A Possible Mechanism for the Tissue-Sparing Effect of Spatially Fractionated Radiation"],"prefix":"10.1667","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Hisanori","family":"Fukunaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1243","reference":[{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FA Dilmanian, Y Qu, LE Feinendegen, et al.  \"Exp Hematol.\"  35, \"Tissue-sparing effect of x-ray microplanar beams particularly in the CNS: Is a bystander effect involved?\" 69 (2007)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2007.01.014"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N Mukumoto, M Nakayama, H Akasaka, et al.  \"J Radiat Res.\"  58, \"Sparing of tissue by using micro-slit-beam radiation therapy reduces neurotoxicity compared with broad-beam radiation therapy.\" 17 (2017)","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrw065"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H Fukunaga, K Kaminaga, T Sato, et al.  \"Sci Rep.\"  9, \"High-precision microbeam radiotherapy reveals testicular tissue-sparing effects for male fertility preservation.\" 12618 (2019)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48772-3"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y Kitadate, DJ J\u00f6rg, M Tokue, et al.  \"Cell Stem Cell.\"  24, \"Competition for mitogens regulates spermatogenic stem cell homeostasis in an open niche.\" 79 (2019)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.013"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O Niwa, MH Barcellos-Hoff, RK Globus, et al.  \"Ann ICRP.\"  44, \"ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection.\" 7 (2015)","DOI":"10.1177\/0146645315595585"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RJ Griffin, KM Prise, SJ McMahon, et al.  \"Br J Radiol.\"  93, \"History and current perspectives on the biological effects of high-dose spatial fractionation and high dose-rate approaches: GRID, Microbeam & FLASH radiotherapy.\" 20200217 (2020)","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20200217"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"A. 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Yoshida,  \"Dev Growth Differ.\"  60, \"Open niche regulation of mouse spermatogenic stem cells.\" (2018)","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12574"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\"Ann ICRP.\"  30, \"Prevention of accidental exposures to patients undergoing radiation therapy. 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