{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T07:32:09Z","timestamp":1793431929881,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Radiation Research Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Regenerative medicine holds promise to cure radiation-induced salivary hypofunction, a chronic side effect in patients with head and neck cancers, therefore reliable preclinical models for salivary regenerative outcome will promote progress towards therapies. In this study, our objective was to develop a cone beam computed tomography-guided precision ionizing radiation-induced preclinical model of chronic hyposalivation using immunodeficient NSGSGM3 mice. Using a Schirmer's test based sialagogue-stimulated saliva flow kinetic measurement method, we demonstrated significant differences in hyposalivation specific to age, sex, precision-radiation dose over a chronic (6 months) timeline. NSG-SMG3 mice tolerated doses from 2.5 Gy up to 7.5 Gy. Interestingly, 5\u20137.5 Gy had similar effects on stimulated-saliva flow (\u223c50% reduction in young female at 6 months after precision irradiation over sham-treated controls), however, &gt;5 Gy led to chronic alopecia. Different groups demonstrated characteristic saliva fluctuations early on, but after 5 months all groups nearly stabilized stimulated-saliva flow with low-inter-mouse variation within each group. Further characterization revealed precision-radiation-induced glandular shrinkage, hypocellularization, gland-specific loss of functional acinar and glandular cells in all major salivary glands replicating features of human salivary hypofunction. This model will aid investigation of human cell-based salivary regenerative therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1667\/rade-21-00237.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T17:36:08Z","timestamp":1657647368000},"page":"243-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characterization of Transgenic NSG-SGM3 Mouse Model of Precision Radiation-Induced Chronic Hyposalivation"],"prefix":"10.1667","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Syed Mohammed","family":"Musheer Aalam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishaq A.","family":"Viringipurampeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Walb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik J.","family":"Tryggestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chitra P.","family":"Emperumal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianning","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuewen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajan","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle M.A.","family":"Lombaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biointerfaces Institute, School of Dentistry, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jann N.","family":"Sarkaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquin","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Janus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagarajan","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1243","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RL Siegel, KD Miller, A Jemal,  \"CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.\"  67, \"Cancer Statistics, 2017.\" 7 (2017)","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21387"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A Vissink, FR Burlage, FK Spijkervet, et al.  \"Critical reviews in oral biology and medicine: an official publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists.\"  14, 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