{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:01:10Z","timestamp":1791234070530,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Radiation Research Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Experimental data on magnitudes of sparing effects of whole-abdominal pulse irradiation, whole-brain pulse irradiation, and bilateral thorax pulse\/continuous irradiation at high doses and dose rates from conventional to FLASH irradiation rates (&gt; 40 Gy\/s) on normal intestinal, brain, and lung tissues in mice, which were reported in the literature, are analyzed by making use of recently developed mathematical models. These models are capable of predicting the fractions of surviving blood lymphocytes in mice after the exposures. Results of juxtaposing those experimental data with the respective modeling results suggest a possible relationship between them. Recent experimental findings confirming this relationship are presented. Finally, an algebraic formula to predict FLASH dose rate thresholds for the exposures is derived and verified, providing a tool for future experimental design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1667\/rade-25-00134.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:29:43Z","timestamp":1787840983000},"page":"337-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Partial-body, Continuous\/Pulse Irradiation at Dose Rates from Flash to Conventional Rates on the Level of Surviving Blood Lymphocytes: Modeling Approach. III. Lymphocyte Survival Is a Biomarker of Flash Sparing Effects"],"prefix":"10.1667","volume":"206","author":[{"given":"Francis A.","family":"Cucinotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga A.","family":"Smirnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1243","reference":[{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P Montay-Gruel, MM Acharya, K Petersson, et al.  \"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.\"  116, \"Long-term neurocognitive benefits of FLASH radiotherapy driven by reduced reactive oxygen species.\" 10943 (2019)","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1901777116"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CL Limoli  and MC Vozenin  \"Annu Rev Cancer Biol.\"  7, \"Reinventing radiobiology in the light of FLASH radiotherapy.\" 1 (2023)","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cancerbio-061421-022217"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FA Cucinotta  and OA Smirnova  \"Radiat Res.\"  201, \"Effects of partial-body, continuous\/pulse irradiation at dose rates from flash to conventional rates on the level of surviving blood lymphocytes: modeling approach. 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Smirnova,  \"Health Phys.\"  103, \"Comparative analysis of the dynamics of thrombocytopoietic, granulocytopoietic, and erythropoietic systems in irradiated humans: A modeling approach.\" 787 (2012)","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0b013e31826021bb"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FA Cucinotta  and OA Smirnova  \"Radiat Res.\"  192, \"Response of human small intestinal epithelium to fractionated irradiation: Dynamical modeling approach.\" 483 (2019)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15420.1"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"FA Cucinotta  and OA Smirnova  \"Health Physics.\"  111, \"Skin response to single and fractionated irradiation: dynamic modeling approach.\" 513 (2016)","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0000000000000570"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MG Kaul, T Mummert, M Graeser, et al.  \"Sci Rep.\"  11, \"Pulmonary blood volume estimation in mice by magnetic particle imaging and magnetic resonance imaging.\" 4848 (2021)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84276-9"},{"key":"23","unstructured":"\"Research Animal Resources and Compliance.\""},{"key":"24","unstructured":"\"Body Weight Information for B6N (005304). 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Smirnova,  \"Environmental Radiation Effects on Mammals.\"  (2010)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-7213-2"}],"container-title":["Radiation Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/radiation-research.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/rare\/aop\/article-10.1667-RADE-25-00134.1\/article-10.1667-RADE-25-00134.1.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/radiation-research.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/rare\/aop\/article-10.1667-RADE-25-00134.1\/article-10.1667-RADE-25-00134.1.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:40:23Z","timestamp":1791232823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/radiation-research\/volume-206\/issue-3\/RADE-25-00134.1\/Effects-of-Partial-body-Continuous-Pulse-Irradiation-at-Dose-Rates\/10.1667\/RADE-25-00134.1.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1667\/rade-25-00134.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-7587","1938-5404"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-7587","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-5404","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]}}}