{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:12:30Z","timestamp":1790129550353,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Radiation Research Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiation Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"DOI":"10.1667\/rr15358.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T18:39:32Z","timestamp":1566844772000},"page":"527","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Risk of Leukemia Associated with Protracted Low-Dose Radiation Exposure: Updated Results from the National Registry for Radiation Workers Study"],"prefix":"10.1667","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Gillies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Haylock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nezhat","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (PHE-CRCE), Chilton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1243","reference":[{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DL Preston, E Ron, S Tokuoka, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 168, \"Solid cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors: 1958\u20131998.\" 1 (2007)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR0763.1"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K Ozasa, Y Shimizu, A Suyama, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 177, \"Studies of the mortality of atomic bomb survivors, Report 14, 1950\u20132003: an overview of cancer and noncancer diseases.\" 229 (2012)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2629.1"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E Cardis, M Vrijheid, M Blettner, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 167, \"The 15-country collaborative study of cancer risk among radiation workers in the nuclear industry: estimates of radiation-related cancer risks.\" 396 (2007)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR0552.1"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DL Preston, Y Shimizu, DA Pierce, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 160, \"Studies of mortality of atomic bomb survivors. Report 13: Solid cancer and noncancer disease mortality: 1950\u20131997.\" 381 (2003)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3049"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E Cardis, ES Gilbert, L Carpenter, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 142, \"Effects of low doses and low dose rates of external ionizing radiation: cancer mortality among nuclear industry workers in three countries.\" 117 (1995)","DOI":"10.2307\/3579020"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JH Folley, W Borges, T Yamawaki, \"Am J Med.\" 13, \"Incidence of leukemia in survivors of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.\" 311 (1952)","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(52)90285-4"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WL Hsu, DL Preston, M Soda, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 179, \"The incidence of leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma among atomic bomb survivors: 1950\u20132001.\" 361 (2013)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2892.1"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D Richardson, H Sugiyama, N Nishi, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 172, \"Ionizing radiation and leukemia mortality among Japanese atomic bomb survivors, 1950\u20132000.\" 368 (2009)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1801.1"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"et al. \"ICRP publication 103. Ann ICRP.\" 37, \"The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection.\" 1 (2007)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2008.07.001"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"et al. \"Effects of ionizing radiation. UNSCEAR 2006 Report, Volume 1.\" , (2008)"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"et al. \"Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR VII Phase 2.\" , (2006)"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DL Preston, S Kusumi, M Tomonaga, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 137, \"Cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors. Part III. Leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma, 1950\u20131987.\" S68 (1994)","DOI":"10.2307\/3578893"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DB Richardson, E Cardis, RD Daniels, et al. \"BMJ.\" 351, \"Risk of cancer from occupational exposure to ionising radiation: retrospective cohort study of workers in France, the United Kingdom, and the United States (INWORKS).\" h5359 (2015)","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5359"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CR Muirhead, JA O'Hagan, RG Haylock, et al. \"Br J Cancer.\" 100, \"Mortality and cancer incidence following occupational radiation exposure: third analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers.\" 206 (2009)","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604825"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"CR Muirhead, JA O'Hagan, RG Haylock, et al. \"HPA-RPD-062 - Third analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers: Occupational exposure to ionising radiation in relation to mortality and cancer incidence.\" , (2009)"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GM Kendall, CR Muirhead, BH MacGibbon, et al. \"BMJ.\" 304, \"Mortality and occupational exposure to radiation: first analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers.\" 220 (1992)","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6821.220"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CR Muirhead, AA Goodill, RG Haylock, et al. \"J Radiol Prot.\" 19, \"Occupational radiation exposure and mortality: second analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers.\" 3 (1999)","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/19\/1\/002"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RGE Haylock, M Gillies, N Hunter, et al. \"Br J Cancer.\" 119, \"Cancer mortality and incidence following external occupational radiation exposure: an update of the 3rd analysis of the UK national registry for radiation workers.\" 631 (2018)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-018-0184-9"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CR Muirhead, AA Goodill, RG Haylock, et al. \"NRPB Report R307.\" , \"Second analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers: Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and mortality.\" (1999)","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/19\/1\/002"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W Zhang, RGE Haylock, M Gillies, et al. \"J Radiol Prot.\" 39, \"Mortality from heart diseases following occupational radiation exposure: analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers (NRRW) in the United Kingdom.\" 327 (2019)","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6498\/ab02b2"},{"key":"21","unstructured":"et al. \"20th Century mortality - 100 years of mortality data in England and Wales by age, sex, year and underlying cause. CD-ROM (with updates).\" , (2004)"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"DL Preston, JH Lubin, DA Pierce, et al. \"EPICURE version 2 user guide.\" , (2015)"},{"key":"23","unstructured":"CP Wen, SP Tsai, RL Gibson, \"J Occup Med.\" 25, \"Anatomy of the healthy worker effect: a critical review.\" 283 (1983)"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"IS Kuznetsova, EV Labutina, N Hunter, \"PLoS One.\" 11, \"Radiation risks of leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma incidence in the Mayak cohort: 1948\u20132004.\" e0162710 (2016)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162710"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RD Daniels, SJ Bertke, DB Richardson, et al. \"Int J Cancer.\" 140, \"Examining temporal effects on cancer risk in the international nuclear workers' study.\" 1260 (2017)","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30544"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MK Schubauer-Berigan, RD Daniels, SJ Bertke, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 183, \"Cancer mortality through 2005 among a pooled cohort of U.S. nuclear workers exposed to external ionizing radiation.\" 620 (2015)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR13988.1"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Metz-Flamant, O Laurent, E Samson, et al. \"Occup Environ Med.\" 70, \"Mortality associated with chronic external radiation exposure in the French combined cohort of nuclear workers.\" 630 (2013)","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2012-101149"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L Krestinina, DL Preston, FG Davis, et al. \"Radiat Environ Biophys.\" 49, \"Leukemia incidence among people exposed to chronic radiation from the contaminated Techa River, 1953\u20132005.\" 195 (2010)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-009-0257-5"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RD Daniels and MK Schubauer-Berigan \"Occup Environ Med.\" 68, \"A meta-analysis of leukaemia risk from protracted exposure to low-dose gamma radiation.\" 457 (2011)","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2009.054684"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Kreuzer, C Sobotzki, N Fenske, et al. \"Occup Environ Med.\" 74, \"Leukaemia mortality and low-dose ionising radiation in the WISMUT uranium miner cohort (1946\u20132013).\" 252 (2017)","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2016-103795"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DB Richardson, S Wing, J Schroeder, et al. \"Environ Health Perspect.\" 113, \"Ionizing radiation and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.\" 1 (2005)","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7433"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V Rericha, M Kulich, R Rericha, et al. \"Environ Health Perspect.\" 114, \"Incidence of leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma in Czech uranium miners: a case-cohort study.\" 818 (2006)","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8476"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AY Romanenko, SC Finch, M Hatch, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 170, \"The Ukrainian-American study of leukemia and related disorders among Chornobyl cleanup workers from Ukraine: III. Radiation risks.\" 711 (2008)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1404.1"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MS Linet, MK Schubauer-Berigan, DD Weisenburger, et al. \"Br J Haematol.\" 139, \"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an overview of aetiology in light of recent developments in classification and pathogenesis.\" 672 (2007)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06847.x"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VJ Cogliano, R Baan, K Straif, et al. \"J Natl Cancer Inst.\" 103, \"Preventable exposures associated with human cancers.\" 1827 (2011)","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr483"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DA Eastmond, N Keshava, B Sonawane, \"Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res.\" , \"Lymphohematopoietic cancers induced by chemicals and other agents and their implications for risk evaluation: An overview.\" (2014)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2014.04.001"},{"key":"38","unstructured":"Benzene, \"IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Volume 120.\" , (2018)"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Iwanaga, WL Hsu, M Soda, et al. \"J Clin Oncol.\" 29, \"Risk of myelodysplastic syndromes in people exposed to ionizing radiation: a retrospective cohort study of Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors.\" 428 (2011)","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.31.3080"},{"key":"40","unstructured":"et al. \"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems.\" , (1990)"},{"key":"41","unstructured":"A Kite and R Anderson \"An overview of retrospective occupational dosimetry at BNFL. Proceedings, IRPA9: 1996 International Congress on Radiation Protection proceedings. Ninth International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association. April 14\u201319, 1996, Vienna, Austria. 1996.\" , 3 (1996)"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Gillies, DB Richardson, E Cardis, et al. \"Radiat Res.\" 188, \"Mortality from circulatory diseases and other non-cancer outcomes among nuclear workers in France, the United Kingdom and the United States (INWORKS).\" 276 (2017)","DOI":"10.1667\/RR14608.1"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RD Daniels, CJ Lodwick, MK Schubauer-Berigan, et al. \"Radiat Prot Dosimetry.\" 118, \"Assessment of plutonium exposures for an epidemiological study of US nuclear workers.\" 43 (2006)","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/nci330"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RZ Omar, JA Barber, PG Smith, \"Br J Cancer.\" 79, \"Cancer mortality and morbidity among plutonium workers at the Sellafield plant of British Nuclear Fuels.\" 1288 (1999)","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690207"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JH Yiin, JL Anderson, RD Daniels, et al. \"Am J Ind Med.\" 60, \"Mortality in a combined cohort of uranium enrichment workers.\" 96 (2017)","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22668"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SR Silver, SJ Bertke, MJ Hein, et al. \"Occup Environ Med.\" 70, \"Mortality and ionising radiation exposures among workers employed at the Fernald Feed Materials Production Center (1951\u20131985).\" 453 (2013)","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2012-100768"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RD Daniels, S Bertke, KM Waters, et al. \"Occup Environ Med.\" 70, \"Risk of leukaemia mortality from exposure to ionising radiation in US nuclear workers: a pooled case-control study.\" 41 (2013)","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2012-100906"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MK Schubauer-Berigan, RD Daniels, DA Fleming, et al. \"Br J Haematol.\" 139, \"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and radiation: findings among workers at five US nuclear facilities and a review of the recent literature.\" 799 (2007)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06843.x"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K Leuraud, DB Richardson, E Cardis, et al. \"Lancet Haematol.\" 2, \"Ionising radiation and risk of death from leukaemia and lymphoma in radiation-monitored workers (INWORKS): an international cohort study.\" e276 (2015)","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(15)00094-0"}],"container-title":["Radiation Research"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T12:43:57Z","timestamp":1664196237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/radiation-research\/volume-192\/issue-5\/RR15358.1\/Risk-of-Leukemia-Associated-with-Protracted-Low-Dose-Radiation-Exposure\/10.1667\/RR15358.1.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1667\/rr15358.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-7587"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-7587","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]}}}