{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:01:38Z","timestamp":1791090098436,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    It is generally assumed that the development of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is under endocrine control. In particular, unbalanced androgen\/estrogen levels and\/or activity are believed to represent the key events for TGCT development and progression. Furthermore, recent evidence has suggested a strong genetic component for TGCT. In this study, we analyzed whether a genetic variation in estrogen receptor (ESR) genes and steroid hormone metabolism genes is associated with TGCT. We genotyped for 17 polymorphic markers in 11 genes in 234 TGCT cases and 218 controls: ESR (\n                    <jats:italic>ESR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>ESR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    );\n                    <jats:italic>CYP19A1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (aromatase); 17\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 4 (\n                    <jats:italic>HSD17B1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>HSD17B4<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) dehydrogenases that convert potent androgens and estrogens to weak hormones; cytochrome P450 hydroxylating enzymes\n                    <jats:italic>CYP1A1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>CYP1A2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>CYP1B1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; and the metabolic enzymes\n                    <jats:italic>COMT<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>SULT1A1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>SULT1E1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We observed a significant association of rs11205 in\n                    <jats:italic>HSD17B4<\/jats:italic>\n                    with TGCT. TGCT risk was increased twofold per copy of the minor A allele at this locus (odds ratios (OR)=2.273, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.737\u20132.973). Homozygous carriage of the minor A allele was associated with an over fourfold increased risk of TGCT (OR=4.561, 95% CI=2.615\u20137.955) compared with homozygous carriage of the major G allele. The risk was increased both for seminoma (OR=5.327, 95% CI=2.857\u20139.931) and for nonseminoma (OR=3.222, 95% CI=1.471\u20137.059). We found for the first time an association of polymorphisms in\n                    <jats:italic>HSD17B4<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene with TGCT. Our findings expand the current knowledge on the role of genetic contribution in testicular cancer susceptibility, and support the hypothesis that variations in hormone metabolism genes might change the hormonal environment implicated in testicular carcinogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1677\/erc-09-0176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,23]],"date-time":"2009-09-23T22:05:31Z","timestamp":1253743531000},"page":"17-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Association of testicular germ cell tumor with polymorphisms in estrogen receptor and steroid metabolism genes"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Ferlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Ganz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Pengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Selice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Chiara","family":"Frigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Foresta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","container-title":["Endocrine-Related Cancer"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/erc.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/erc\/17\/1\/17.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/erc.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/erc\/17\/1\/17.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:52:36Z","timestamp":1784555556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/erc\/article\/17\/1\/17-25\/34590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1677\/erc-09-0176","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0088","1479-6821"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0088","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-6821","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}}}